【了解PHP基础】

以下是20个经典PHP示例代码以及它们的输出结果：

1. Hello World

<?php
echo "Hello, World!";
// 输出：Hello, World!
?>

2. 变量和字符串拼接

<?php
$name = "Alice";
$age = 25;
echo "My name is " . $name . " and I am " . $age . " years old.";
// 输出：My name is Alice and I am 25 years old.
?>

3. 数学运算

<?php
$num1 = 10;
$num2 = 5;
$sum = $num1 + $num2;
echo "The sum is " . $sum;
// 输出：The sum is 15
?>

4. 条件语句

<?php
$grade = 80;
if ($grade >= 90) {
    echo "A";
} elseif ($grade >= 80) {
    echo "B";
} else {
    echo "C";
}
// 输出：B
?>

5. for循环

<?php
for ($i = 1; $i <= 5; $i++) {
    echo $i . " ";
}
// 输出：1 2 3 4 5
?>

6. while循环

<?php
$i = 1;
while ($i <= 5) {
    echo $i . " ";
    $i++;
}
// 输出：1 2 3 4 5
?>

7. 数组

<?php
$colors = array("Red", "Green", "Blue");
echo "The first color is " . $colors[0];
// 输出：The first color is Red
?>

8. 函数

<?php
function greet($name) {
    return "Hello, " . $name . "!";
}

$message = greet("Bob");
echo $message;
// 输出：Hello, Bob!
?>

9. 超级全局变量 - $_GET

<?php
$name = $_GET['name'];
echo "Hello, " . $name . "!";
// 假设URL为：http://example.com/?name=Alice
// 输出：Hello, Alice!
?>

10. 超级全局变量 - $_POST

<?php
if ($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD'] == 'POST') {
    $name = $_POST['name'];
    echo "Hello, " . $name . "!";
}
// 假设通过表单提交了名为"name"的字段
// 输出：根据表单提交的值
?>

11. 包含文件

<?php
include "header.php";
echo "This is the main content.";
include "footer.php";
// 假设header.php包含头部内容，footer.php包含页脚内容
// 输出：头部内容 This is the main content. 页脚内容
?>

12. 数据库连接

<?php
$servername = "localhost";
$username = "root";
$password = "password";
$dbname = "mydatabase";

$conn = new mysqli($servername, $username, $password, $dbname);

if ($conn->connect_error) {
    die("Connection failed: " . $conn->connect_error);
}
echo "Connected to the database!";
// 输出：Connected to the database!
?>

13. 文件操作 - 读取文件内容

<?php
$file = fopen("example.txt", "r");
if ($file) {
    while (!feof($file)) {
        $line = fgets($file);
        echo $line;
    }
    fclose($file);
}
// 假设example.txt包含文本内容
// 输出：example.txt的内容
?>

14. 异常处理

<?php
try {
    // 一些可能引发异常的代码
    throw new Exception("This is an exception.");
} catch (Exception $e) {
    echo "Caught exception: " . $e->getMessage();
}
// 输出：Caught exception: This is an exception.
?>

15. 会话管理 - 开始和存储会话数据

<?php
session_start();
$_SESSION['username'] = "Alice";
echo "Session started and data stored.";
// 输出：Session started and data stored.
?>

16. 常量

<?php
define("PI", 3.14159);
echo "The value of PI is " . PI;
// 输出：The value of PI is 3.14159
?>

17. 使用 date() 函数显示当前日期和时间

<?php
echo "Current date and time: " . date("Y-m-d H:i:s");
// 输出：Current date and time: 当前日期和时间的格式
?>

这些示例代码覆盖了PHP的基础概念，并提供了示例代码以及相应的输出结果。可以修改和扩展这些示例来进一步学习和掌握PHP。

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