Essential Grammar in Use(Third Edition)--Verb forms Unit24

Regular and irregular verbs

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A 

Regular verbs

The past simple and  past participle of regular verbs is -ed:

clean  cleaned   live lived     paint painted     study studied   

Past simple

• I cleaned my room yesterday.
• Charlie studied engineering at university.

Past participle

have/has + past participle (present perfect)

• I have cleaned my room.
• Tina has lived in London for ten years.

be (is/are/were/has/ been etc.) + past participle (passive)

• These rooms are cleaned every day.
• My car has been repaired.

B

Irregular verbs

The past simple and past participle of irregular verbs do not -ed:

	make        break        cut
past simple past participle	made        broke       cut made        broken     cut

Sometimes the past simple and past participle are the same. For example:

	make        find        buy        cut
past simple past participle	made        found   bought    cut

• I made a car yesterday. (past simple)
• I have made some coffee. (past participle - present perfect)
• Butter is made from milk. (past participle - passive present)

Sometimes the past simple and past participle are different. For example:

	break        know        begin        go
past simple past participle	broke       knew        began      went broken     known     begun      gone

• Somebody brokes this window last night. (past simple)
• Somebody has broken this window. (past participle - present perfect)
• This window was broken last night. (past participle - passive past)