系列 —— Python爬虫实战
题目 —— 抓取糗事百科段子
语言 —— Python
目标 —— 1、抓取糗百段子
2、过滤带有图片的段子
3、实现每按一次回车显示一个段子的
发布时间发布人段子内容点赞数量
步骤
1、确定URL并抓取页面代码
初步构建代码:
======================================
# -*- coding:utf8 -*-
import urllib
import urllib2
page = 1
url = 'http://www.qiushibaike.com/hot/page/' + str(page)
try:
request = urllib2.Request(url)
response = urllib2.urlopen(request)
print response.read()
except urllib2.URLError, e:
if hasattr(e,"code"):
print e.code
if hasattr(e,"reason"):
print e.reason
==========================================
报错了:
raise BadStatusLine(line)
httplib.BadStatusLine: ''
原因:
可能是浏览器阻止了这一类访问
解决办法:
添加headers验证
修改代码如下:
============================================
# -*- coding:utf8 -*-
import urllib
import urllib2
page = 1
url = 'http://www.qiushibaike.com/hot/page/' + str(page)
user_agent = 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 5.5; Windows NT)'
headers = {'User-Agent' : user_agent}
try:
request = urllib2.Request(url,headers = headers)
response = urllib2.urlopen(request)
print response.read()
except urllib2.URLError, e:
if hasattr(e,"code"):
print e.code
if hasattr(e,"reason"):
print e.reason
==========================================
成功抓取代码
2、提取某一页段子
注意点:
a、正则表达式的运用
参考教程:
http://deerchao.net/tutorials/regex/regex.htm
http://www.cnblogs.com/huxi/archive/2010/07/04/1771073.html
b、过滤带有图片的段子
打开目标网页,例如 http://www.qiushibaike.com/hot/page/2
打开调试工具,查看源代码,完成正则表达式的编写
编写代码如下:
==========================================
# -*- coding:utf8 -*-
import urllib
import urllib2
import re # 运用正则表达式别忘记导包
page = 1
url = 'http://www.qiushibaike.com/hot/page/' + str(page)
user_agent = 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 5.5; Windows NT)'
headers = {'User-Agent' : user_agent}
try:
request = urllib2.Request(url,headers = headers)
response = urllib2.urlopen(request)
content = response.read().decode('utf-8')
pattern = re.compile('<div.*?author">.*?<a.*?<img.*?>(.*?)</a>.*?<div.*?' +
'content">(.*?)<!--(.*?)-->.*?</div>(.*?)<div class="stats.*?class="number">(.*?)</i>',re.S)
items = re.findall(pattern,content)
for item in items:
haveImg = re.reaserch("img",item[3])
if not haveImg:
print item[0],item[1],item[2],item[4]
except urllib2.URLError, e:
if hasattr(e,"code"):
print e.code
if hasattr(e,"reason"):
print e.reason
=============================================
运行出现问题:
unindent does not match any outer indentation level
原因:代码没有对齐
python对于代码的缩进很严格(有的时候真的能逼死人),不要混用空格和Tab键。
3.完善代码
按下回车,读取一个段子,显示出段子的发布人,发布日期,内容以及点赞个数
=====================================================
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import urllib
import urllib2
import re
import thread
import time
class QSBK:
def __init__(self):
self.pageIndex = 1
self.user_agent = 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 5.5; Windows NT)'
self.headers = { 'User-Agent' : self.user_agent }
self.stories = []
self.enable = False
def getPage(self,pageIndex):
try:
url = 'http://www.qiushibaike.com/hot/page/' + str(pageIndex)
request = urllib2.Request(url,headers = self.headers)
response = urllib2.urlopen(request)
pageCode = response.read().decode('utf-8')
return pageCode
except urllib2.URLError, e:
if hasattr(e,"reason"):
print u"连接糗事百科失败,错误原因",e.reason
return None
def getPageItems(self,pageIndex):
pageCode = self.getPage(pageIndex)
if not pageCode:
print "页面加载失败...."
return None
pattern = re.compile('<div.*?author">.*?<a.*?<img.*?>(.*?)</a>.*?<div.*?'+
'content">(.*?)<!--(.*?)-->.*?</div>(.*?)<div class="stats.*?class="number">(.*?)</i>',re.S)
items = re.findall(pattern,pageCode)
pageStories = []
for item in items:
haveImg = re.search("img",item[3])
if not haveImg:
replaceBR = re.compile('<br/>')
text = re.sub(replaceBR,"\n",item[1])
pageStories.append([item[0].strip(),text.strip(),item[2].strip(),item[4].strip()])
return pageStories
def loadPage(self):
if self.enable == True:
if len(self.stories) < 2:
pageStories = self.getPageItems(self.pageIndex)
if pageStories:
self.stories.append(pageStories)
self.pageIndex += 1
def getOneStory(self,pageStories,page):
for story in pageStories:
input = raw_input()
self.loadPage()
if input == "Q":
self.enable = False
return
print u"第%d页\t发布人:%s\t发布时间:%s\t赞:%s\n%s" %(page,story[0],story[2],story[3],story[1])
def start(self):
print u"正在读取糗事百科,按回车查"
self.enable = True
self.loadPage()
nowPage = 0
while self.enable:
if len(self.stories)>0:
pageStories = self.stories[0]
nowPage += 1
del self.stories[0]
self.getOneStory(pageStories,nowPage)
spider = QSBK()
spider.start()
=============================================
ps:
一定要注意缩进!
=============================================
题目 —— 抓取糗事百科段子
语言 —— Python
目标 —— 1、抓取糗百段子
2、过滤带有图片的段子
3、实现每按一次回车显示一个段子的
发布时间发布人段子内容点赞数量
步骤
1、确定URL并抓取页面代码
初步构建代码:
======================================
# -*- coding:utf8 -*-
import urllib
import urllib2
page = 1
url = 'http://www.qiushibaike.com/hot/page/' + str(page)
try:
request = urllib2.Request(url)
response = urllib2.urlopen(request)
print response.read()
except urllib2.URLError, e:
if hasattr(e,"code"):
print e.code
if hasattr(e,"reason"):
print e.reason
==========================================
报错了:
raise BadStatusLine(line)
httplib.BadStatusLine: ''
原因:
可能是浏览器阻止了这一类访问
解决办法:
添加headers验证
修改代码如下:
============================================
# -*- coding:utf8 -*-
import urllib
import urllib2
page = 1
url = 'http://www.qiushibaike.com/hot/page/' + str(page)
user_agent = 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 5.5; Windows NT)'
headers = {'User-Agent' : user_agent}
try:
request = urllib2.Request(url,headers = headers)
response = urllib2.urlopen(request)
print response.read()
except urllib2.URLError, e:
if hasattr(e,"code"):
print e.code
if hasattr(e,"reason"):
print e.reason
==========================================
成功抓取代码
2、提取某一页段子
注意点:
a、正则表达式的运用
参考教程:
http://deerchao.net/tutorials/regex/regex.htm
http://www.cnblogs.com/huxi/archive/2010/07/04/1771073.html
b、过滤带有图片的段子
打开目标网页,例如 http://www.qiushibaike.com/hot/page/2
打开调试工具,查看源代码,完成正则表达式的编写
编写代码如下:
==========================================
# -*- coding:utf8 -*-
import urllib
import urllib2
import re # 运用正则表达式别忘记导包
page = 1
url = 'http://www.qiushibaike.com/hot/page/' + str(page)
user_agent = 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 5.5; Windows NT)'
headers = {'User-Agent' : user_agent}
try:
request = urllib2.Request(url,headers = headers)
response = urllib2.urlopen(request)
content = response.read().decode('utf-8')
pattern = re.compile('<div.*?author">.*?<a.*?<img.*?>(.*?)</a>.*?<div.*?' +
'content">(.*?)<!--(.*?)-->.*?</div>(.*?)<div class="stats.*?class="number">(.*?)</i>',re.S)
items = re.findall(pattern,content)
for item in items:
haveImg = re.reaserch("img",item[3])
if not haveImg:
print item[0],item[1],item[2],item[4]
except urllib2.URLError, e:
if hasattr(e,"code"):
print e.code
if hasattr(e,"reason"):
print e.reason
=============================================
运行出现问题:
unindent does not match any outer indentation level
原因:代码没有对齐
python对于代码的缩进很严格(有的时候真的能逼死人),不要混用空格和Tab键。
3.完善代码
按下回车,读取一个段子,显示出段子的发布人,发布日期,内容以及点赞个数
=====================================================
# -*- coding:utf-8 -*-
import urllib
import urllib2
import re
import thread
import time
class QSBK:
def __init__(self):
self.pageIndex = 1
self.user_agent = 'Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 5.5; Windows NT)'
self.headers = { 'User-Agent' : self.user_agent }
self.stories = []
self.enable = False
def getPage(self,pageIndex):
try:
url = 'http://www.qiushibaike.com/hot/page/' + str(pageIndex)
request = urllib2.Request(url,headers = self.headers)
response = urllib2.urlopen(request)
pageCode = response.read().decode('utf-8')
return pageCode
except urllib2.URLError, e:
if hasattr(e,"reason"):
print u"连接糗事百科失败,错误原因",e.reason
return None
def getPageItems(self,pageIndex):
pageCode = self.getPage(pageIndex)
if not pageCode:
print "页面加载失败...."
return None
pattern = re.compile('<div.*?author">.*?<a.*?<img.*?>(.*?)</a>.*?<div.*?'+
'content">(.*?)<!--(.*?)-->.*?</div>(.*?)<div class="stats.*?class="number">(.*?)</i>',re.S)
items = re.findall(pattern,pageCode)
pageStories = []
for item in items:
haveImg = re.search("img",item[3])
if not haveImg:
replaceBR = re.compile('<br/>')
text = re.sub(replaceBR,"\n",item[1])
pageStories.append([item[0].strip(),text.strip(),item[2].strip(),item[4].strip()])
return pageStories
def loadPage(self):
if self.enable == True:
if len(self.stories) < 2:
pageStories = self.getPageItems(self.pageIndex)
if pageStories:
self.stories.append(pageStories)
self.pageIndex += 1
def getOneStory(self,pageStories,page):
for story in pageStories:
input = raw_input()
self.loadPage()
if input == "Q":
self.enable = False
return
print u"第%d页\t发布人:%s\t发布时间:%s\t赞:%s\n%s" %(page,story[0],story[2],story[3],story[1])
def start(self):
print u"正在读取糗事百科,按回车查"
self.enable = True
self.loadPage()
nowPage = 0
while self.enable:
if len(self.stories)>0:
pageStories = self.stories[0]
nowPage += 1
del self.stories[0]
self.getOneStory(pageStories,nowPage)
spider = QSBK()
spider.start()
=============================================
ps:
一定要注意缩进!
=============================================