由于原本在home下的swap占用了4g的空间,目前想把分区迁移到比较大的目录下。
一:首先取消原本的交换分区文件
1.1:获取root权限,使用swapoff回收交换分区文件
/usr/sbin/swapoff /home/swap
1.2:从文件系统删除原有的swap文件
rm /home/swap
1.3:从/etc/fstab 删除此前的文件
二:重新创建交换分区文件
2.1:root权限 执行创建命令
dd if=/dev/zero of=/data/SwapFile/swap bs=1024 count=2048000;
2.2:设置交换分区文件
/usr/sbin/mkswap /data/SwapFile/swap
2.3:启用交换分区文件
/usr/sbin/swapon /data/SwapFile/swap
2.4:设置主机重启后 自动开辟交换分区文件
打开/etc/fstab
增加如下内容
/data/SwapFile/swap swap swap defaults 0 0
2.5 检查交换分区文件是否生效
free -m
# free -m
total used free shared buffers cached
Mem: 3829 3715 113 0 142 1915
-/+ buffers/cache: 1657 2171
Swap: 1999 0 1999
2G的交换分区已经添加上。
------------dd命令使用说明---------------
dd --help之后看到:
Usage: dd [OPERAND]...
or: dd OPTION
Copy a file, converting and formatting according to the operands.
bs=BYTES read and write BYTES bytes at a time (also see ibs=,obs=)
cbs=BYTES convert BYTES bytes at a time
conv=CONVS convert the file as per the comma separated symbol list
count=BLOCKS copy only BLOCKS input blocks
ibs=BYTES read BYTES bytes at a time (default: 512)
if=FILE read from FILE instead of stdin
iflag=FLAGS read as per the comma separated symbol list
obs=BYTES write BYTES bytes at a time (default: 512)
of=FILE write to FILE instead of stdout
oflag=FLAGS write as per the comma separated symbol list
seek=BLOCKS skip BLOCKS obs-sized blocks at start of output
skip=BLOCKS skip BLOCKS ibs-sized blocks at start of input
status=noxfer suppress transfer statistics
BLOCKS and BYTES may be followed by the following multiplicative suffixes:
c =1, w =2, b =512, kB =1000, K =1024, MB =1000*1000, M =1024*1024, xM =M
GB =1000*1000*1000, G =1024*1024*1024, and so on for T, P, E, Z, Y.
Each CONV symbol may be:
ascii from EBCDIC to ASCII
ebcdic from ASCII to EBCDIC
ibm from ASCII to alternate EBCDIC
block pad newline-terminated records with spaces to cbs-size
unblock replace trailing spaces in cbs-size records with newline
lcase change upper case to lower case
nocreat do not create the output file
excl fail if the output file already exists
notrunc do not truncate the output file
ucase change lower case to upper case
swab swap every pair of input bytes
noerror continue after read errors
sync pad every input block with NULs to ibs-size; when used
with block or unblock, pad with spaces rather than NULs
fdatasync physically write output file data before finishing
fsync likewise, but also write metadata
Each FLAG symbol may be:
append append mode (makes sense only for output; conv=notrunc suggested)
direct use direct I/O for data
directory fail unless a directory
dsync use synchronized I/O for data
sync likewise, but also for metadata
fullblock accumulate full blocks of input (iflag only)
nonblock use non-blocking I/O
noatime do not update access time
noctty do not assign controlling terminal from file
nofollow do not follow symlinks
Sending a USR1 signal to a running `dd' process makes it
print I/O statistics to standard error and then resume copying.
$ dd if=/dev/zero of=/dev/null& pid=$!
$ kill -USR1 $pid; sleep 1; kill $pid
18335302+0 records in
18335302+0 records out
9387674624 bytes (9.4 GB) copied, 34.6279 seconds, 271 MB/s
Options are:
--help display this help and exit
--version output version information and exit
Report dd bugs to bug-coreutils@gnu.org
GNU coreutils home page: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
General help using GNU software: <http://www.gnu.org/gethelp/>
For complete documentation, run: info coreutils 'dd invocation'
名词解释:
of=交换文件位置
count=2048000,创建大小为2G的交换分区文件