Letter Combinations of a Phone Number

每日算法——leetcode系列


问题 3Sum Closest

Difficulty: Medium

Given a digit string, return all possible letter combinations that the number could represent.

A mapping of digit to letters (just like on the telephone buttons) is given below.

Input:Digit string "23"
Output: ["ad", "ae", "af", "bd", "be", "bf", "cd", "ce", "cf"].

Note:

Although the above answer is in lexicographical order, your answer could be in any order you want.

class Solution {
public:
    vector<string> letterCombinations(string digits) {

    }
};

翻译

电话号码的字母组合

难度系数:中等

给定一个数字组成的字符串, 返回这个数字所有所有可能代表的字母组合。
每个数字代表的字母(像电话按键)如下面图显示一样

输入:数字字符串 "23"
输出: ["ad", "ae", "af", "bd", "be", "bf", "cd", "ce", "cf"].

注意:
虽然上面的的答案是按字典顺序的,你的答案可以是你想要的任意顺序。

思路

这题很像 《编程珠玑》 2.6习题及 《编程之美》 3.2节讲的东西
这题不用找出单词, 只是返回字母组合, 相对要简单。

  • map表
    这题还有一个map字眼,可以把按键对应的数字组成如下的一个二维数组的map表phoneNum。
         0   {' ', '\0', '\0', '\0'}
         1   {'\0', '\0', '\0', '\0'}
         2   {'a', 'b', 'c', '\0'}
         3   {'d', 'e', 'f', '\0'}
         4   {'g', 'h', 'i', '\0'}
         5   {'j', 'k', 'l', '\0'}
         6   {'m', 'n', 'o', '\0'}
         7   {'p', 'q', 'r', 's'} 
         8   {'t', 'u', 'v', '\0'}
         9   {'w', 'x', 'y', 'z'}
  • 输入的字符串根据map表取出按键上的字符
    遍历每个输入的数字字符串中的每个数字(当然每次遍历的时候要判断这个是否为数字isdigit),根据map表取出相应按键上的字符依次插入到result中
  • 组合
    再循环执行第二步,但要组合。

例如
输入为“2”的时候, result = {“a”, “b”, “c”}
输入为“23”的时候:
第二步中第一次 result = {“a”, “b”, “c”}
第二次 phoneNum[3]= {“d”, “e”, “f”}, result[i] + phoneNum[3][i]就好

代码

class Solution {
public:
    vector<string> letterCombinations(string digits) {

        vector<string> result;
        if (digits.empty()) {
            return result;
        }

        // 电话号码字母map表
        char phoneNum[10][4] = {
            {' ', '\0', '\0', '\0'},
            {'\0', '\0', '\0', '\0'},
            {'a', 'b', 'c', '\0'},
            {'d', 'e', 'f', '\0'},
            {'g', 'h', 'i', '\0'},
            {'j', 'k', 'l', '\0'},
            {'m', 'n', 'o', '\0'},
            {'p', 'q', 'r', 's'},
            {'t', 'u', 'v', '\0'},
            {'w', 'x', 'y', 'z'},
        };


        for (size_t i = 0; i < digits.size(); ++i) {
            if (!isdigit(digits[i])) {
                vector<string> temp;
                return temp;
            }
            int digit = digits[i] - '0';
            if (result.empty()) {
                for (int j = 0; j < 4; ++j) {
                    if (phoneNum[digit][j] == '\0'){
                        break;
                    }

                    // 数字键对应的字符
                    string s;
                    s = phoneNum[digit][j];
                    result.push_back(s);
                }
                continue;
            }
            vector<string> tmpResult;
            for (int j = 0; j < result.size(); ++j) {
                for (int k = 0; k < 4; ++k) {
                    if (phoneNum[digit][k] == '\0'){
                        break;
                    }
                    string s = result[j] + phoneNum[digit][k];
                    tmpResult.push_back(s);
                }
            }
            result = tmpResult;
        }
        return result;
    }
};

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(Telephone Number Word Generator) Standard telephone keypads contain the digits 0 through 9. The numbers 2 through 9 each have three letters associated with them, as is indicated by the following table: Many people find it difficult to memorize phone numbers, so they use the correspondence between digits and letters to develop seven-letter words that correspond to their phone numbers. For example, a person whose telephone number is 686-2377 might use the correspondence indi- cated in the above table to develop the seven-letter word “NUMBERS.” Businesses frequently attempt to get telephone numbers that are easy for their clients to remember. If a business can advertise a simple word for its customers to dial, then no doubt the business will receive a few more calls. Each seven-letter word corresponds to exactly one seven-digit telephone number. The restaurant wishing to increase its take-home business could surely do so with the number 825-3688 (i.e., “TAKEOUT”). Each seven-digit phone number corresponds to many separate seven-letter words. Unfortunately, most of these represent unrecognizable juxtaposi- tions of letters. It’s possible, however, that the owner of a barber shop would be pleased to know that the shop’s telephone number, 424-7288, corresponds to “HAIRCUT.” A veterinarian with the phone number 738-2273 would be happy to know that the number corresponds to “PETCARE.” Write a program that, given a seven-digit number, writes to a file every possible seven-letter word corresponding to that number. There are 2187 (3 to the seventh power) such words. Avoid phone numbers with the digits 0 and 1.
最新发布
06-09

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