Visual Studio Code 配置C/C++编译环境流程及问题解决（Win10环境）

1、Visual Studio Code简介

VS Code实际上一个功能强大的文本编辑器，在借助安装插件的基础上亦可实现编译功能。支持Windows，OS X和Linux，内置JavaScript、TypeScript和Node.js支持，而且拥有丰富的插件生态系统，可通过安装插件来支持C++、C#、Python、PHP等其他语言。

VS Code官方网站：

https://code.visualstudio.com/docs/cpp/config-mingw#_prerequisites

2、Visual Studio Code安装

VS按照比较简单，从官网网站下载安装包后按照流程依次单击下一步执行即可。

官网下载链接：

https://code.visualstudio.com/download

3、Visual Studio Code 配置C/C++编译环境

3.1、VS上安装C/C++运行环境插件

3.2、下载MinGW插件并配置环境变量

3.2.1、下载链接

下载地址：https://sourceforge.net/projects/mingw-w64/files/

下载的文件：进入网站后不要点击 "Download Lasted Version"，往下滑，找到最新版的 "x86_64-posix-seh"。

安装MinGW：下载后是一个7z的压缩包，解压后移动到你想安装的位置即可。

注意：安装包放的路径最好不要使用中文名字，以免出现其他意想不到的问题。

3.2.2、设置环境变量

控制面板--->系统与安全--->系统--->高级系统配置--->高级--->环境变量--->系统变量--->path，中添加MinGW安装包中bin目录的路径：

如：D:\Program Files\mingw64\bin\

3.3、配置VS C/C++运行环境

3.3.1、配置c_cpp_properties.json文件

{
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "Win32",
            "includePath": [
                "${workspaceFolder}/**",
                "D:/Program Files/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++",
                "D:/Program Files/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/x86_64-w64-mingw32",
                "D:/Program Files/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/backward",
                "D:/Program Files/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include",
                "D:/Program Files/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include-fixed",
                "D:/Program Files/mingw64/x86_64-w64-mingw32/include"
            ],
            "defines": [
                "_DEBUG",
                "UNICODE",
                "_UNICODE"
            ],
            "cStandard": "c17",
            "cppStandard": "c++17",
            "intelliSenseMode": "${default}",
            "compilerPath": "D:/Program Files/mingw64/bin/g++.exe"
        }
    ],
    "version": 4
}

3.3.2、配置launch.json

{
    // Use IntelliSense to learn about possible attributes.
    // Hover to view descriptions of existing attributes.
    // For more information, visit: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=830387
    "version": "0.2.0",
    "configurations": [
        {
            "name": "(g++)Start",
            "preLaunchTask":"g++",//与tasks.json中的label一致
            "type": "cppdbg",
            "request": "launch",
            "program": "${fileDirname}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe",
            "args": [],
            "stopAtEntry": false,
            "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
            "environment": [],
            "externalConsole": true,//false change to true
            "MIMode": "gdb",
            "miDebuggerPath": "D:\\Program Files\\mingw64\\bin\\gdb.exe",//"/path/to/gdb"
            "setupCommands": [
                {
                    "description": "Enable pretty-printing for gdb",
                    "text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
                    "ignoreFailures": true,
                }
            ]
        }
    ]
}

3.3.3、配置tasks.json

{
    // See https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=733558
    // for the documentation about the tasks.json format
    "version": "2.0.0",
    "tasks": [
        {
            "label": "g++",
            "type": "shell",
            "command":"D:\\Program Files\\mingw64\\bin\\x86_64-w64-mingw32-g++.exe",
            "args": [
                "-g",
                "${file}",
                "-o",
                "${fileDirname}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe"
            ],
            "options": {
                "cwd": "D:\\Program Files\\mingw64\\bin"
            },
            "problemMatcher":[
                "$gcc"
            ],
            "group": {
                "kind": "build",
                "isDefault": true
            },
        },
    ]
}

注意：launch.json中的preLaunchtask标签的配置要与tasks.json中的label标签的配置一样，上述两个文件设置的都是“g++”。

3.3.4、参考链接：

https://marketplace.visualstudio.com/items?itemName=ms-vscode.cpptools

https://www.cnblogs.com/bpf-1024/p/11597000.html

4、Visual Studio Code 配置C/C++编译环境时问题及解决方法

4.1、问题描述：vscode C++ debug: lldb: unrecognized option `--interpreter=mi'或者Unable to start debugging. Launch options string provided by the project system is invalid. Unable to determine path to debugger. Please specify the "MIDebuggerPath" option.

(1)问题原因：

launch.json中的miDebuggerPath配置有问题。

(2)解决方法

 "MIMode": "gdb",
 "miDebuggerPath": "D:\\Program Files\\mingw64\\bin\\gdb.exe",//"/path/to/gdb"

注意：需要填写gdb.exe的完整路径，不能使用gcc.exe或g++.exe等。

4.2、问题描述：vscode检测到#include错误，请更新includePath

       (1)cmd下执行g++ -v -E -x c++ -

C:\Users\z00017938>g++ -v -E -x c++ -
Using built-in specs.
COLLECT_GCC=g++
Target: x86_64-w64-mingw32
Configured with: ../../../src/gcc-8.1.0/configure --host=x86_64-w64-mingw32 --build=x86_64-w64-mingw32 --target=x86_64-w64-mingw32 --prefix=/mingw64 --with-sysroot=/c/mingw810/x86_64-810-posix-seh-rt_v6-rev0/mingw64 --enable-shared --enable-static --disable-multilib --enable-languages=c,c++,fortran,lto --enable-libstdcxx-time=yes --enable-threads=posix --enable-libgomp --enable-libatomic --enable-lto --enable-graphite --enable-checking=release --enable-fully-dynamic-string --enable-version-specific-runtime-libs --disable-libstdcxx-pch --disable-libstdcxx-debug --enable-bootstrap --disable-rpath --disable-win32-registry --disable-nls --disable-werror --disable-symvers --with-gnu-as --with-gnu-ld --with-arch=nocona --with-tune=core2 --with-libiconv --with-system-zlib --with-gmp=/c/mingw810/prerequisites/x86_64-w64-mingw32-static --with-mpfr=/c/mingw810/prerequisites/x86_64-w64-mingw32-static --with-mpc=/c/mingw810/prerequisites/x86_64-w64-mingw32-static --with-isl=/c/mingw810/prerequisites/x86_64-w64-mingw32-static --with-pkgversion='x86_64-posix-seh-rev0, Built by MinGW-W64 project' --with-bugurl=https://sourceforge.net/projects/mingw-w64 CFLAGS='-O2 -pipe -fno-ident -I/c/mingw810/x86_64-810-posix-seh-rt_v6-rev0/mingw64/opt/include -I/c/mingw810/prerequisites/x86_64-zlib-static/include -I/c/mingw810/prerequisites/x86_64-w64-mingw32-static/include' CXXFLAGS='-O2 -pipe -fno-ident -I/c/mingw810/x86_64-810-posix-seh-rt_v6-rev0/mingw64/opt/include -I/c/mingw810/prerequisites/x86_64-zlib-static/include -I/c/mingw810/prerequisites/x86_64-w64-mingw32-static/include' CPPFLAGS=' -I/c/mingw810/x86_64-810-posix-seh-rt_v6-rev0/mingw64/opt/include -I/c/mingw810/prerequisites/x86_64-zlib-static/include -I/c/mingw810/prerequisites/x86_64-w64-mingw32-static/include' LDFLAGS='-pipe -fno-ident -L/c/mingw810/x86_64-810-posix-seh-rt_v6-rev0/mingw64/opt/lib -L/c/mingw810/prerequisites/x86_64-zlib-static/lib -L/c/mingw810/prerequisites/x86_64-w64-mingw32-static/lib '
Thread model: posix
gcc version 8.1.0 (x86_64-posix-seh-rev0, Built by MinGW-W64 project)
COLLECT_GCC_OPTIONS='-v' '-E' '-shared-libgcc' '-mtune=core2' '-march=nocona'
 D:/Program Files/mingw64/bin/../libexec/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/cc1plus.exe -E -quiet -v -iprefix D:/Program Files/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/ -D_REENTRANT - -mtune=core2 -march=nocona
ignoring duplicate directory "D:/Program Files/mingw64/lib/gcc/../../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++"
ignoring duplicate directory "D:/Program Files/mingw64/lib/gcc/../../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/x86_64-w64-mingw32"
ignoring duplicate directory "D:/Program Files/mingw64/lib/gcc/../../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/backward"
ignoring duplicate directory "D:/Program Files/mingw64/lib/gcc/../../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include"
ignoring nonexistent directory "C:/mingw810/x86_64-810-posix-seh-rt_v6-rev0/mingw64C:/msys64/mingw64/lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/../../../../include"
ignoring duplicate directory "D:/Program Files/mingw64/lib/gcc/../../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include-fixed"
ignoring duplicate directory "D:/Program Files/mingw64/lib/gcc/../../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/include"
ignoring nonexistent directory "C:/mingw810/x86_64-810-posix-seh-rt_v6-rev0/mingw64/mingw/include"
#include "..." search starts here:
#include <...> search starts here:
 D:/Program Files/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++
 D:/Program Files/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/x86_64-w64-mingw32
 D:/Program Files/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/backward
 D:/Program Files/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include
 D:/Program Files/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include-fixed
 D:/Program Files/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/include
End of search list.

(2)将如下路径copy

 D:/Program Files/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++
 D:/Program Files/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/x86_64-w64-mingw32
 D:/Program Files/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/backward
 D:/Program Files/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include
 D:/Program Files/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include-fixed
 D:/Program Files/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/../../../../x86_64-w64-mingw32/include

(3)vscode上将复制的路径添加到c_cpp_properties.json的如下位置：

"includePath": [
                "${workspaceFolder}/**",
                "D:/Program Files/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++",
                "D:/Program Files/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/x86_64-w64-mingw32",
                "D:/Program Files/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include/c++/backward",
                "D:/Program Files/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include",
                "D:/Program Files/mingw64/bin/../lib/gcc/x86_64-w64-mingw32/8.1.0/include-fixed",
                "D:/Program Files/mingw64/x86_64-w64-mingw32/include"
            ],