本节内容视频链接:
面向对象编程原则:优先使用组合而不是继承
//继承代码格式:
class A extends B {
//代码
}
//组合代码格式:
class A {
public B b;
}
做一个下图样式的简易加法计算器:
代码示例:
package com.yundait.lesson02;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
//简易计算器
public class TestCalc{
public static void main(String[] args){
new Calculator();
}
}
//计算器类
class Calculator extends Frame{
public Calculator(){
//3个文本框
TextField num1 = new TextField(10);
TextField num2 = new TextField(10);
TextField num3 = new TextField(20);
//1个按钮
Button button = new Button("=");
button.addActionListener(new MyCalculatorListener(num1, num2, num3));
//1个标签
Label label = new Label("+");
//设置布局
setLayout(new FlowLayout());
add(num1);
add(label);
add(num2);
add(button);
add(num3);
pack();
setVisible(true);
}
}
//监听器类
class MyCalculatorListener implements ActionListener{
//获取3个变量
private TextField num1,num2,num3;
public MyCalculatorListener(TextField num1, TextField num2, TextField num3) {
this.num1 = num1;
this.num2 = num2;
this.num3 = num3;
}
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//1.获得加数和被加数
int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());
int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());
//2.将这两个值加法运算后放到第三个文本框
num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
//3.清除请两个文本框
num1.setText("");
num2.setText("");
}
}
对以上代码进行优化改造为面向对象写法
package com.yundait.lesson02;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
//简易加法计算器
public class TestCalculator2 {
public static void main(String[] args){
MyCalculator2 myCalculator2 = new MyCalculator2();
myCalculator2.loadFrame();
TestActionEvent.windowClose(myCalculator2);
}
}
//计算器类
class MyCalculator2 extends Frame{
//属性
TextField num1,num2,num3;
Button button;
Label label;
//方法
public void loadFrame(){
/* 创建文本框3个;
创建按钮1个;
创建标签1个;
*/
num1 = new TextField(10);
num2 = new TextField(10);
num3 = new TextField(20);
button = new Button("=");
label = new Label("+");
//布局设计、可见性、自适应
setLayout(new FlowLayout());
add(num1);
add(label);
add(num2);
add(button);
add(num3);
setTitle("简易加法计算器");
pack();
setVisible(true);
//进行按钮监听
button.addActionListener(new MyCalculator2Listener(this));
}
}
class MyCalculator2Listener implements ActionListener{
//获取计算器对象,在一个类里面组合另外一个类;
MyCalculator2 myCalculator2;
public MyCalculator2Listener(MyCalculator2 myCalculator2) {
this.myCalculator2 = myCalculator2;
}
//获取3个变量
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//1.获得加数和被加数
//2.将这两个值加法运算后放到第三个文本框
//清除前两个文本框的值
int n1 = Integer.parseInt(myCalculator2.num1.getText());
int n2 = Integer.parseInt(myCalculator2.num2.getText());
myCalculator2.num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
myCalculator2.num1.setText("");
myCalculator2.num2.setText("");
}
}
再使用内部类方式进行:
package com.yundait.lesson02;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.event.ActionEvent;
import java.awt.event.ActionListener;
//简易加法计算器
public class TestCalculator2 {
public static void main(String[] args){
MyCalculator2 myCalculator2 = new MyCalculator2();
myCalculator2.loadFrame();
TestActionEvent.windowClose(myCalculator2);
}
}
//计算器类
class MyCalculator2 extends Frame{
//属性
TextField num1,num2,num3;
Button button;
Label label;
//方法
public void loadFrame(){
/* 创建文本框3个;
创建按钮1个;
创建标签1个;
*/
num1 = new TextField(10);
num2 = new TextField(10);
num3 = new TextField(20);
button = new Button("=");
label = new Label("+");
//布局设计、可见性、自适应
setLayout(new FlowLayout());
add(num1);
add(label);
add(num2);
add(button);
add(num3);
setTitle("简易加法计算器");
pack();
setVisible(true);
//对按钮监听
button.addActionListener(new MyCalculator2Listener());
}
private class MyCalculator2Listener implements ActionListener{
@Override
public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) {
//1.获得加数和被加数
//2.将这两个值加法运算后放到第三个文本框
//清除前两个文本框的值
int n1 = Integer.parseInt(num1.getText());
int n2 = Integer.parseInt(num2.getText());
num3.setText(""+(n1+n2));
num1.setText("");
num2.setText("");
}
}
}