HiKariCP是数据库连接池的一个后起之秀,号称性能最好,可以完美地PK掉其他连接池
官网:https://github.com/brettwooldridge/HikariCP
Java 8 maven artifact:
<dependency> <groupId>com.zaxxer</groupId> <artifactId>HikariCP</artifactId> <version>2.6.2</version> </dependency>
Java 9 Early Access maven artifact:
<dependency> <groupId>com.zaxxer</groupId> <artifactId>HikariCP-java9ea</artifactId> <version>2.6.1</version> </dependency>
Java 7 maven artifact (maintenance mode):
<dependency> <groupId>com.zaxxer</groupId> <artifactId>HikariCP-java7</artifactId> <version>2.4.12</version> </dependency>
Java 6 maven artifact (maintenance mode):
<dependency> <groupId>com.zaxxer</groupId> <artifactId>HikariCP-java6</artifactId> <version>2.3.13</version> </dependency
Initialization
You can use the HikariConfig
class like so1:
HikariConfig config = new HikariConfig(); config.setJdbcUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/simpsons"); config.setUsername("bart"); config.setPassword("51mp50n"); config.addDataSourceProperty("cachePrepStmts", "true"); config.addDataSourceProperty("prepStmtCacheSize", "250"); config.addDataSourceProperty("prepStmtCacheSqlLimit", "2048"); HikariDataSource ds = new HikariDataSource(config);
1 MySQL-specific example, do not copy verbatim.
or directly instantiate a HikariDataSource
like so:
HikariDataSource ds = new HikariDataSource(); ds.setJdbcUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/simpsons"); ds.setUsername("bart"); ds.setPassword("51mp50n"); ...
or property file based:
// Examines both filesystem and classpath for .properties file HikariConfig config = new HikariConfig("/some/path/hikari.properties"); HikariDataSource ds = new HikariDataSource(config);
Example property file:
dataSourceClassName=org.postgresql.ds.PGSimpleDataSource dataSource.user=test dataSource.password=test dataSource.databaseName=mydb dataSource.portNumber=5432 dataSource.serverName=localhost
or java.util.Properties
based:
Properties props = new Properties(); props.setProperty("dataSourceClassName", "org.postgresql.ds.PGSimpleDataSource"); props.setProperty("dataSource.user", "test"); props.setProperty("dataSource.password", "test"); props.setProperty("dataSource.databaseName", "mydb"); props.put("dataSource.logWriter", new PrintWriter(System.out)); HikariConfig config = new HikariConfig(props); HikariDataSource ds = new HikariDataSource(config);
There is also a System property available, hikaricp.configurationFile
, that can be used to specify the location of a properties file. If you intend to use this option, construct a HikariConfig
or HikariDataSource
instance using the default constructor and the properties file will be loaded.
Spring配置文件
<!-- Hikari Datasource -->
<bean id="dataSourceHikari" class="com.zaxxer.hikari.HikariDataSource"
destroy-method="shutdown">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}" />
<property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}" />
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" />
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />
<!-- 连接只读数据库时配置为true, 保证安全 -->
<property name="readOnly" value="false" />
<!-- 等待连接池分配连接的最大时长(毫秒),超过这个时长还没可用的连接则发生SQLException, 缺省:30秒 -->
<property name="connectionTimeout" value="30000" />
<!-- 一个连接idle状态的最大时长(毫秒),超时则被释放(retired),缺省:10分钟 -->
<property name="idleTimeout" value="600000" />
<!-- 一个连接的生命时长(毫秒),超时而且没被使用则被释放(retired),缺省:30分钟,建议设置比数据库超时时长少30秒,参考MySQL
wait_timeout参数(show variables like '%timeout%';) -->
<property name="maxLifetime" value="1800000" />
<!-- 连接池中允许的最大连接数。缺省值:10;推荐的公式:((core_count * 2) + effective_spindle_count) -->
<property name="maximumPoolSize" value="60" />
<property name="minimumIdle" value="10" />
</bean>
HikariCP所做的一些优化,总结如下:
- 字节码精简:优化代码,直到编译后的字节码最少,这样,CPU缓存可以加载更多的程序代码;
- 优化代理和拦截器:减少代码,例如HikariCP的Statement proxy只有100行代码,只有BoneCP的十分之一;
- 自定义数组类型(FastStatementList)代替ArrayList:避免每次get()调用都要进行range check,避免调用remove()时的从头到尾的扫描;
- 自定义集合类型(ConcurrentBag):提高并发读写的效率;
- 其他针对BoneCP缺陷的优化,比如对于耗时超过一个CPU时间片的方法调用的研究(但没说具体怎么优化)。