compound structure:
Pair
use con to generate a pair
(define x (cons 1 2))
Representing rational numbers
(define (make-rat n d) (cons n d))
(define (numer x) (car x))
(define (denom x) (cdr x))
(define (print-rat x)
(newline)
(display (numer x))
(display "/")
(display (denom x)))
(define m (make-rat 2 7))
(print-rat m)
(define (cons1 x y z)
(define (dispatch m)
(cond ((= m 0) x)
((= m 1) y)
(else (error "Argument not 0 or 1 " m))))
dispatch)
the value returned by procedure cons1 is a procedure(dispatch)
(define (scale-list item factor)
(if (null? item)
'()
(cons (* (car item) factor)
(scale-list (cdr item) factor))))
直接使用nil会出现nil: unbound identifier in module in: nil
DrRacket中未定义nil,若要使用nil
(define nil ‘())
high-order procedure map,higher level of abstraction in dealing with lists
(define (map proc items)
(if (null? items)
nil
(cons (proc(car items))
(map proc (cdr items)))))
(map (lambda (x) (* x x))
(list 1 2 3 4))