Mycat读写分离、主从切换学习
问题一：分表、分库的优缺点，以及分表无法成为主流
分表方式：是在将一个大表，在一个db库内，分成多个分表，
优点是：分开之后的表，仍然在一个库内，便于查看、管理。
缺点：db只能在一个服务器内，不能解决I/O问题，负载集中
分库方式：将一个大表，分布在多个DB中，每个DB只保留一部分数据，所有数据组合起来才是全库的数据。
优点：优点是分担IO、负载均衡，可以让整个集群性能随机器数扩大，性能水平扩展
缺点：不易维护、数据统计以及jion操作会跨库处理，对性能有影响。
分表无法成为主流原因：目前mysql等数据库随着业务增长，绝大对数的解决方案都是通过增加服务器来水平扩展
提高集群的性能，而分表方式，只能局限在一个服务器上，会有性能瓶颈。
1：环境
192.168.1.21 mycat1
192.168.1.22 mysql1
192.168.1.23 mysql2
2：在mysql1、mysql2上安装mysql
安装Mysql、初始化mysql省略
use mysql
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO root@"%" IDENTIFIED BY "oracle";
update user set Password = password('oracle') where User='root';
GRANT replication slave ON *.* TO 'repluser'@'%' identified by 'oracle';
flush privileges;
exit;
3：配置mysql复制
在mysql1：
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000003 | 401 | | mysql,information_schema | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------+-------------------+
在mysql2：向主库做同步操作，开启复制
change master to master_host='192.168.10.22',
master_port=3306, master_user='repluser',
master_password='oracle', master_log_file='mysql-bin.000003',master_log_pos=401;
start slave;
show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.1.22
Master_User: repluser
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000005
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 2095
Relay_Log_File: mysql2-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 283
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000005
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
在mysql1创建测试库、用户：
create database testdb1;
create database testdb2;
create database testdb3;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON testdb1.* TO 'zhang'@"%" IDENTIFIED BY "oracle";
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON testdb2.* TO 'zhang'@"%" IDENTIFIED BY "oracle";
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON testdb3.* TO 'zhang'@"%" IDENTIFIED BY "oracle";
flush privileges;
exit
数据同步测试：
explain create table company(id int not null primary key,name varchar(100));
4：安装、配置mycat
测试思路：
Mysql高可用和读写分离的几个配置点：
writeType="0" --写操作只写入一个节点
balance=0,1,2,3 --是否启用读写分离。
0：为不启用读写分离；1：为启用读写分离，只有非写入主库的其他库分担读请求，常用配置；
2：为所有读操作都随机在主从节点分发；3：为只在readhost上分发读操作负载，不在writehost上分担负载；
switchType="-1,1,2,3" --是否启用主从切换
-1：表示不启用主从切换；1：为默认值，自动切换；2：基于主从同步的状态，决定是否切换，与show slave status心跳对应；
3：基于多住galary集群切换，与show status like 'wsrep%'对应；
<heartbeat>show slave status</heartbeat> --心跳检测语句，一般为select user();
如果是switchType=2，基于主从同步状态决定是否切换，则心跳设为show slave status;
如果是switchType=3，则心跳设为show status like 'wsrep%'；
<writeHost host="mysql1" url="192.168.10.22:3306" user="root" password="oracle">
<readHost host="mysql2" url="192.168.10.23:3306" user="root" password="oracle" weight="1" />
</writeHost>
<writeHost host="mysql2" url="192.168.10.23:3306" user="root" password="oracle">
</writeHost>
--具体写服务器的设置，每个host都对应一个DB，需要设置连接mysql DB的URL、用户名和密码，主机的名称都不能相同；
对于主机设置的数量需要事先规划好。
情况一：对于不使用mycat做高可用和读写分离的情况，只需要设置一个写主机writeHost即可；
情况二：对于使用mycat做读写分离的情况，可以设置一个writeHost作为写节点，设置一个对应的读节点readHost,
采用balance=3的方式进行读写分离；也可以设置多个writeHost，只在第一个writeHost上写入，其他都根据负载均衡读请求；
情况一：对于使用mycat做高可用的情况，必须设置两个、或两个以上的writeHost节点，这样才可以切换；
高可用可以根据不同情况设置不同的心跳，主从切换方式。
从物理上讲，mycat中定义的writeHost和readHost，在物理上，都是只有写请求的那个writeHost是对应Master数据库的，
其他的writeHost和readHost都是对应slave节点的。
一般实际应用中，也是将读写分离和高可用结合起来使用，将物理上的slave设置为writeHost，即可实现读写分离，也可以高可用。
mycat中switchType=1,2,3 这三种情况，分别适用于不同的场景，设置为1，自动切换，是指mycat在屋里master宕机时，才会主从切换。
配置mycat：
vi schema.xml
<schema name="db1" checkSQLschema="false" sqlMaxLimit="100" dataNode="dn1">
</schema>
<schema name="db2" checkSQLschema="false" sqlMaxLimit="100" dataNode="dn2">
</schema>
<schema name="db3" checkSQLschema="false" sqlMaxLimit="100" dataNode="dn3">
</schema>
<dataNode name="dn1" dataHost="mysql1" database="db1" />
<dataNode name="dn2" dataHost="mysql1" database="db2" />
<dataNode name="dn3" dataHost="mysql1" database="db3" />
<!--######### TESTDB脢戮脻麓 ########-->
<dataHost name="mysql1" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" balance="1"
writeType="0" dbType="mysql" dbDriver="native" switchType="2" slaveThreshold="100">
<heartbeat>show slave status</heartbeat>
<writeHost host="mysql1" url="192.168.10.22:3306" user="root" password="oracle">
</writeHost>
<writeHost host="mysql2" url="192.168.10.23:3306" user="root" password="oracle">
</writeHost>
</dataHost>
</mycat:schema>
vi server.xml
<user name="root">
<property name="password">oracle</property>
<property name="schemas">db1,db2,db3</property>
</user>
[root@mycat1 logs]# tail -800 wrapper.log
STATUS | wrapper | 2016/02/21 04:36:45 | --> Wrapper Started as Daemon
STATUS | wrapper | 2016/02/21 04:36:45 | Launching a JVM...
INFO | jvm 1 | 2016/02/21 04:36:46 | Wrapper (Version 3.2.3) http://wrapper.tanukisoftware.org
INFO | jvm 1 | 2016/02/21 04:36:46 | Copyright 1999-2006 Tanuki Software, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
INFO | jvm 1 | 2016/02/21 04:36:46 |
INFO | jvm 1 | 2016/02/21 04:36:46 | log4j 2016-02-21 04:36:46 [./conf/log4j.xml] load completed.
INFO | jvm 1 | 2016/02/21 04:36:47 | MyCAT Server startup successfully. see logs in logs/mycat.log
[root@mycat1 logs]# netstat -an|grep 9066
tcp 0 0 :::9066 :::* LISTEN
[root@mycat1 logs]# tail -800 mycat.log
......
2/21 04:42:17.174 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-1-RW] (PhysicalDatasource.java:403) -release channel
MySQLConnection [id=9, lastTime=1456000937137, user=root, schema=db1, old shema=db1, borrowed=true,
fromSlaveDB=false, threadId=30, charset=utf8, txIsolation=0, autocommit=true, attachment=null,
respHandler=null, host=192.168.10.22, port=3306, statusSync=null, writeQueue=0, modifiedSQLExecuted=false]
02/21 04:42:17.175 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-3-RW] (PhysicalDatasource.java:403) -release channel
MySQLConnection [id=11, lastTime=1456000937173, user=root, schema=db1, old shema=db1, borrowed=true,
fromSlaveDB=false, threadId=4, charset=latin1, txIsolation=3, autocommit=true, attachment=null,
respHandler=null, host=192.168.10.23, port=3306, statusSync=null, writeQueue=0, modifiedSQLExecuted=false]
测试验证读写分离模式：
[root@mycat1 conf]# mysql -uroot -poracle -h192.168.10.21 -P8066
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5
Server version: 5.5.8-mycat-1.5-alpha-20151221110028 MyCat Server (OpenCloundDB)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+----------+
| DATABASE |
+----------+
| db1 |
| db2 |
| db3 |
+----------+
3 rows in set (0.02 sec)
use db1;
create table company(id int not null primary key,name varchar(100));
insert into company(id,name) values(1,'alibaba');
查看mycat.log：
02/21 06:28:07.085 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-0-RW] (ServerQueryHandler.java:56) -ServerConnection [id=5, schema=db1, host=192.168.10.21, user=root,txIsolation=3, autocommit=true, schema=db1]insert into company(id,name) values(1,'alibaba')
02/21 06:28:07.085 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-0-RW] (NonBlockingSession.java:113) -ServerConnection [id=5, schema=db1, host=192.168.10.21, user=root,txIsolation=3, autocommit=true, schema=db1]insert into company(id,name) values(1,'alibaba'), route={
1 -> dn1{insert into company(id,name) values(1,'alibaba')}
} rrs
02/21 06:28:07.086 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-0-RW] (MySQLConnection.java:445) -con need syn ,total syn cmd 2 commands SET names latin1;SET SESSION TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL REPEATABLE READ;schema change:false con:MySQLConnection [id=1, lastTime=1456007287085, user=root, schema=db1, old shema=db1, borrowed=true, fromSlaveDB=false, threadId=24, charset=latin1, txIsolation=0, autocommit=true, attachment=dn1{insert into company(id,name) values(1,'alibaba')}, respHandler=SingleNodeHandler [node=dn1{insert into company(id,name) values(1,'alibaba')}, packetId=0], host=192.168.10.22, port=3306, statusSync=null, writeQueue=0, modifiedSQLExecuted=true]
02/21 06:28:07.124 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-1-RW] (NonBlockingSession.java:229) -release connection MySQLConnection [id=1, lastTime=1456007287072, user=root, schema=db1, old shema=db1, borrowed=true, fromSlaveDB=false, threadId=24, charset=latin1, txIsolation=3, autocommit=true, attachment=dn1{insert into company(id,name) values(1,'alibaba')}, respHandler=SingleNodeHandler [node=dn1{insert into company(id,name) values(1,'alibaba')}, packetId=0], host=192.168.10.22, port=3306, statusSync=null, writeQueue=0, modifiedSQLExecuted=true]
连接mycat进行select操作：
select * from company;
查看mycat.log：
02/21 06:31:17.261 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-0-RW] (ServerQueryHandler.java:56) -ServerConnection[id=5, schema=db1, host=192.168.10.21, user=root,txIsolation=3, autocommit=true, schema=db1]select * from company
02/21 06:31:17.265 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-0-RW] (EnchachePool.java:76) -SQLRouteCache miss cache ,key:db1select * from company
02/21 06:31:17.265 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-0-RW] (NonBlockingSession.java:113) -ServerConnection [id=5, schema=db1, host=192.168.10.21, user=root,txIsolation=3, autocommit=true, schema=db1]select * from company, route={
1 -> dn1{select * from company}
} rrs
02/21 06:31:17.265 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-0-RW] (PhysicalDBPool.java:452) -select read source mysql2 for dataHost:mysql1
02/21 06:31:17.267 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-3-RW] (NonBlockingSession.java:229) -release connection MySQLConnection [id=11, lastTime=1456007477250, user=root, schema=db1, old shema=db1, borrowed=true, fromSlaveDB=false, threadId=4, charset=latin1, txIsolation=3, autocommit=true, attachment=dn1{select * from company}, respHandler=SingleNodeHandler [node=dn1{select * from company}, packetId=5], host=192.168.10.23, port=3306, statusSync=null, writeQueue=0, modifiedSQLExecuted=false]
经过多次观察，select * from company都去读从库了；
查看管理信息：
[root@mycat1 conf]# mysql -uroot -poracle -h192.168.10.21 -P9066
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 6
Server version: 5.5.8-mycat-1.5-alpha-20151221110028 MyCat Server (monitor)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show @@heartbeat;
+--------+-------+---------------+------+---------+-------+--------+---------+--------------+---------------------+-------+
| NAME | TYPE | HOST | PORT | RS_CODE | RETRY | STATUS | TIMEOUT | EXECUTE_TIME | LAST_ACTIVE_TIME | STOP |
+--------+-------+---------------+------+---------+-------+--------+---------+--------------+---------------------+-------+
| mysql1 | mysql | 192.168.10.22 | 3306 | 1 | 0 | idle | 0 | 5,12,10 | 2016-02-21 18:12:07 | false |
| mysql2 | mysql | 192.168.10.23 | 3306 | 1 | 0 | idle | 0 | 1,41,15 | 2016-02-21 18:12:07 | false |
+--------+-------+---------------+------+---------+-------+--------+---------+--------------+---------------------+-------+
2 rows in set (0.04 sec)
mysql> show @@backend;
+------------+------+---------+---------------+------+--------+----------+---------+-------+--------+----------+------------+--------+----------+---------+------------+
| processor | id | mysqlId | host | port | l_port | net_in | net_out | life | closed | borrowed | SEND_QUEUE | schema | charset | txlevel | autocommit |
+------------+------+---------+---------------+------+--------+----------+---------+-------+--------+----------+------------+--------+----------+---------+------------+
| Processor0 | 13 | 32 | 192.168.10.22 | 3306 | 36280 | 1391408 | 13288 | 47798 | false | false | 0 | db1 | utf8:33 | 0 | true |
| Processor0 | 8 | 26 | 192.168.10.22 | 3306 | 36270 | 1451598 | 13860 | 48998 | false | false | 0 | db1 | utf8:33 | 0 | true |
| Processor1 | 5 | 28 | 192.168.10.22 | 3306 | 36272 | 226963 | 2222 | 48998 | false | false | 0 | db2 | utf8:33 | 0 | true |
| Processor1 | 9 | 30 | 192.168.10.22 | 3306 | 36274 | 1449316 | 13983 | 48998 | false | false | 0 | db1 | latin1:8 | 3 | true |
| Processor1 | 1 | 24 | 192.168.10.22 | 3306 | 36268 | 1449316 | 13964 | 48998 | false | false | 0 | db1 | latin1:8 | 3 | true |
| Processor1 | 14 | 33 | 192.168.10.22 | 3306 | 36281 | 1368258 | 13068 | 47198 | false | false | 0 | db1 | utf8:33 | 0 | true |
| Processor2 | 10 | 23 | 192.168.10.22 | 3306 | 36267 | 1451598 | 13860 | 48998 | false | false | 0 | db1 | utf8:33 | 0 | true |
| Processor2 | 15 | 34 | 192.168.10.22 | 3306 | 36282 | 1347423 | 12870 | 46598 | false | false | 0 | db1 | utf8:33 | 0 | true |
| Processor3 | 12 | 31 | 192.168.10.22 | 3306 | 36279 | 1433078 | 13684 | 48698 | false | false | 0 | db1 | utf8:33 | 0 | true |
| Processor3 | 7 | 27 | 192.168.10.22 | 3306 | 36271 | 226963 | 2222 | 48998 | false | false | 0 | db2 | utf8:33 | 0 | true |
| Processor3 | 11 | 4 | 192.168.10.23 | 3306 | 60806 | 13061320 | 107991 | 48998 | false | false | 0 | db1 | latin1:8 | 3 | true |
+------------+------+---------+---------------+------+--------+----------+---------+-------+--------+----------+------------+--------+----------+---------+------------+
11 rows in set (0.01 sec)
现在停止主库，看看还能否正常提供服务：
[root@mysql1 mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysql stop
Shutting down MySQL............[ OK ]
查看mycat.log：
02/21 18:22:58.508 INFO [$_NIOConnector] (SQLJob.java:111) -can't get connection for sql :show slave status
02/21 18:22:58.508 INFO [$_NIOConnector] (PhysicalDatasource.java:373) -not ilde connection in pool,create new connection for mysql1 of schema db1
02/21 18:22:58.510 INFO [$_NIOConnector] (AbstractConnection.java:458) -close connection,reason:java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused ,MySQLConnection [id=0, lastTime=1456050178505, user=root, schema=db1, old shema=db1, borrowed=false, fromSlaveDB=false, threadId=0, charset=utf8, txIsolation=0, autocommit=true, attachment=null, respHandler=null, host=192.168.10.22, port=3306, statusSync=null, writeQueue=0, modifiedSQLExecuted=false]
02/21 18:22:58.510 INFO [$_NIOConnector] (SQLJob.java:111) -can't get connection for sql :show slave status
02/21 18:22:58.510 INFO [$_NIOConnector] (PhysicalDatasource.java:373) -not ilde connection in pool,create new connection for mysql1 of schema db1
02/21 18:22:58.511 INFO [$_NIOConnector] (AbstractConnection.java:458) -close connection,reason:java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused ,MySQLConnection [id=0, lastTime=1456050178505, user=root, schema=db1, old shema=db1, borrowed=false, fromSlaveDB=false, threadId=0, charset=utf8, txIsolation=0, autocommit=true, attachment=null, respHandler=null, host=192.168.10.22, port=3306, statusSync=null, writeQueue=0, modifiedSQLExecuted=false]
02/21 18:22:58.511 INFO [$_NIOConnector] (SQLJob.java:111) -can't get connection for sql :show slave status
02/21 18:22:58.511 INFO [$_NIOConnector] (PhysicalDatasource.java:373) -not ilde connection in pool,create new connection for mysql1 of schema db1
02/21 18:22:58.513 INFO [$_NIOConnector] (AbstractConnection.java:458) -close connection,reason:java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused ,MySQLConnection [id=0, lastTime=1456050178505, user=root, schema=db1, old shema=db1, borrowed=false, fromSlaveDB=false, threadId=0, charset=utf8, txIsolation=0, autocommit=true, attachment=null, respHandler=null, host=192.168.10.22, port=3306, statusSync=null, writeQueue=0, modifiedSQLExecuted=false]
再次连接mycat,看看是否还能正常进行操作：
[root@mycat1 conf]# mysql -uroot -poracle -h192.168.10.21 -P8066
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 5.5.8-mycat-1.5-alpha-20151221110028 MyCat Server (OpenCloundDB)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+----------+
| DATABASE |
+----------+
| db1 |
| db2 |
| db3 |
+----------+
3 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> use db1;
Database changed
mysql> select * from company;
+----+---------+
| id | name |
+----+---------+
| 1 | alibaba |
+----+---------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into company(id,name) values(2,'jingdong');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.09 sec)
mysql> select * from company;
+----+----------+
| id | name |
+----+----------+
| 1 | alibaba |
| 2 | jingdong |
+----+----------+
2 rows in set (0.02 sec)
可以看出，还可以正常操作。
再查看管理信息：
[root@mycat1 conf]# mysql -uroot -poracle -h192.168.10.21 -P9066
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 5.5.8-mycat-1.5-alpha-20151221110028 MyCat Server (monitor)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show @@heartbeat;
+--------+-------+---------------+------+---------+-------+--------+---------+--------------+---------------------+-------+
| NAME | TYPE | HOST | PORT | RS_CODE | RETRY | STATUS | TIMEOUT | EXECUTE_TIME | LAST_ACTIVE_TIME | STOP |
+--------+-------+---------------+------+---------+-------+--------+---------+--------------+---------------------+-------+
| mysql1 | mysql | 192.168.10.22 | 3306 | -1 | 0 | idle | 0 | 2,1,3 | 2016-02-21 18:29:58 | false |
| mysql2 | mysql | 192.168.10.23 | 3306 | 1 | 0 | idle | 0 | 10,4,18 | 2016-02-21 18:29:58 | false |
+--------+-------+---------------+------+---------+-------+--------+---------+--------------+---------------------+-------+
2 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> show @@backend;
+------------+------+---------+---------------+------+--------+----------+---------+-------+--------+----------+------------+--------+----------+---------+------------+
| processor | id | mysqlId | host | port | l_port | net_in | net_out | life | closed | borrowed | SEND_QUEUE | schema | charset | txlevel | autocommit |
+------------+------+---------+---------------+------+--------+----------+---------+-------+--------+----------+------------+--------+----------+---------+------------+
| Processor0 | 16 | 5 | 192.168.10.23 | 3306 | 60959 | 93 | 66 | 270 | false | false | 0 | db3 | utf8:33 | 0 | true |
| Processor1 | 17 | 6 | 192.168.10.23 | 3306 | 60960 | 33756 | 483 | 270 | false | false | 0 | db1 | latin1:8 | 3 | true |
| Processor2 | 18 | 7 | 192.168.10.23 | 3306 | 60961 | 93 | 66 | 270 | false | false | 0 | db2 | utf8:33 | 0 | true |
| Processor3 | 11 | 4 | 192.168.10.23 | 3306 | 60806 | 13320587 | 110199 | 50071 | false | false | 0 | db1 | latin1:8 | 3 | true |
+------------+------+---------+---------------+------+--------+----------+---------+-------+--------+----------+------------+--------+----------+---------+------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
源主库恢复后，现在主从角色对换了，需要进行如下操作：
恢复原主节点的操作：
先停止源从节点的从复制操作，在启动原主节点的从复制操作
在原来的从库，也就是从现在的主库：
mysql> stop slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.09 sec)
并将DB1库导出：
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump -uroot -poracle --master-data=2 --single-transaction -R -B db1 > /opt/db1.sql
并将/opt/db1.sql传送到原来的主库。
在原来的主库上：
[root@mysql1 mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysql start
Starting MySQL......[ OK ]
mysql> drop table company;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.09 sec)
mysql> source /opt/db1.sql;
......
mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.10.23',
-> master_port=3306, master_user='repluser',
-> master_password='oracle', master_log_file='mysql-bin.000003',master_log_pos=324;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.24 sec)
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)
mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.10.23
Master_User: repluser
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 324
Relay_Log_File: my3306-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 283
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
已经恢复正常。
再次登录mycat,进行操作：
[root@mycat1 conf]# mysql -uroot -poracle -h192.168.10.21 -P8066
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 10
Server version: 5.5.8-mycat-1.5-alpha-20151221110028 MyCat Server (OpenCloundDB)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+----------+
| DATABASE |
+----------+
| db1 |
| db2 |
| db3 |
+----------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
查看mycat.log
02/21 18:54:34.371 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-3-RW] (ServerQueryHandler.java:56) -ServerConnection [id=10, schema=db1, host=192.168.10.21, user=root,txIsolation=3, autocommit=true, schema=db1]select * from company
02/21 18:54:34.371 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-3-RW] (EnchachePool.java:76) -SQLRouteCache miss cache ,key:db1select * from company
02/21 18:54:34.372 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-3-RW] (NonBlockingSession.java:113) -ServerConnection [id=10, schema=db1, host=192.168.10.21, user=root,txIsolation=3, autocommit=true, schema=db1]select * from company, route={
1 -> dn1{select * from company}
} rrs
02/21 18:54:34.372 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-3-RW] (PhysicalDBPool.java:452) -select read source mysql1 for dataHost:mysql1
02/21 18:54:34.375 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-1-RW] (NonBlockingSession.java:229) -release connection MySQLConnection [id=24, lastTime=1456052074371, user=root, schema=db1, old shema=db1, borrowed=true, fromSlaveDB=false, threadId=1, charset=latin1, txIsolation=3, autocommit=true, attachment=dn1{select * from company}, respHandler=SingleNodeHandler [node=dn1{select * from company}, packetId=6], host=192.168.10.22, port=3306, statusSync=null, writeQueue=0, modifiedSQLExecuted=false]
02/21 18:54:34.375 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-1-RW] (PhysicalDatasource.java:403) -release channel MySQLConnection [id=24, lastTime=1456052074371, user=root, schema=db1, old shema=db1, borrowed=true, fromSlaveDB=false, threadId=1, charset=latin1, txIsolation=3, autocommit=true, attachment=null, respHandler=null, host=192.168.10.22, port=3306, statusSync=null, writeQueue=0, modifiedSQLExecuted=false]
02/21 18:54:36.670 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-3-RW] (ServerQueryHandler.java:56) -ServerConnection [id=10, schema=db1, host=192.168.10.21, user=root,txIsolation=3, autocommit=true, schema=db1]select * from company
02/21 18:54:36.671 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-3-RW] (EnchachePool.java:76) -SQLRouteCache miss cache ,key:db1select * from company
02/21 18:54:36.671 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-3-RW] (NonBlockingSession.java:113) -ServerConnection [id=10, schema=db1, host=192.168.10.21, user=root,txIsolation=3, autocommit=true, schema=db1]select * from company, route={
1 -> dn1{select * from company}
} rrs
02/21 18:54:36.671 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-3-RW] (PhysicalDBPool.java:452) -select read source mysql1 for dataHost:mysql1
02/21 18:54:36.673 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-1-RW] (NonBlockingSession.java:229) -release connection MySQLConnection [id=24, lastTime=1456052076671, user=root, schema=db1, old shema=db1, borrowed=true, fromSlaveDB=false, threadId=1, charset=latin1, txIsolation=3, autocommit=true, attachment=dn1{select * from company}, respHandler=SingleNodeHandler [node=dn1{select * from company}, packetId=6], host=192.168.10.22, port=3306, statusSync=null, writeQueue=0, modifiedSQLExecuted=false]
发现select都在原来的主库上了。
问题一：分表、分库的优缺点，以及分表无法成为主流
分表方式：是在将一个大表，在一个db库内，分成多个分表，
优点是：分开之后的表，仍然在一个库内，便于查看、管理。
缺点：db只能在一个服务器内，不能解决I/O问题，负载集中
分库方式：将一个大表，分布在多个DB中，每个DB只保留一部分数据，所有数据组合起来才是全库的数据。
优点：优点是分担IO、负载均衡，可以让整个集群性能随机器数扩大，性能水平扩展
缺点：不易维护、数据统计以及jion操作会跨库处理，对性能有影响。
分表无法成为主流原因：目前mysql等数据库随着业务增长，绝大对数的解决方案都是通过增加服务器来水平扩展
提高集群的性能，而分表方式，只能局限在一个服务器上，会有性能瓶颈。
1：环境
192.168.1.21 mycat1
192.168.1.22 mysql1
192.168.1.23 mysql2
2：在mysql1、mysql2上安装mysql
安装Mysql、初始化mysql省略
use mysql
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO root@"%" IDENTIFIED BY "oracle";
update user set Password = password('oracle') where User='root';
GRANT replication slave ON *.* TO 'repluser'@'%' identified by 'oracle';
flush privileges;
exit;
3：配置mysql复制
在mysql1：
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------+-------------------+
| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000003 | 401 | | mysql,information_schema | |
+------------------+----------+--------------+--------------------------+-------------------+
在mysql2：向主库做同步操作，开启复制
change master to master_host='192.168.10.22',
master_port=3306, master_user='repluser',
master_password='oracle', master_log_file='mysql-bin.000003',master_log_pos=401;
start slave;
show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.1.22
Master_User: repluser
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000005
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 2095
Relay_Log_File: mysql2-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 283
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000005
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
在mysql1创建测试库、用户：
create database testdb1;
create database testdb2;
create database testdb3;
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON testdb1.* TO 'zhang'@"%" IDENTIFIED BY "oracle";
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON testdb2.* TO 'zhang'@"%" IDENTIFIED BY "oracle";
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON testdb3.* TO 'zhang'@"%" IDENTIFIED BY "oracle";
flush privileges;
exit
数据同步测试：
explain create table company(id int not null primary key,name varchar(100));
4：安装、配置mycat
测试思路：
Mysql高可用和读写分离的几个配置点：
writeType="0" --写操作只写入一个节点
balance=0,1,2,3 --是否启用读写分离。
0：为不启用读写分离；1：为启用读写分离，只有非写入主库的其他库分担读请求，常用配置；
2：为所有读操作都随机在主从节点分发；3：为只在readhost上分发读操作负载，不在writehost上分担负载；
switchType="-1,1,2,3" --是否启用主从切换
-1：表示不启用主从切换；1：为默认值，自动切换；2：基于主从同步的状态，决定是否切换，与show slave status心跳对应；
3：基于多住galary集群切换，与show status like 'wsrep%'对应；
<heartbeat>show slave status</heartbeat> --心跳检测语句，一般为select user();
如果是switchType=2，基于主从同步状态决定是否切换，则心跳设为show slave status;
如果是switchType=3，则心跳设为show status like 'wsrep%'；
<writeHost host="mysql1" url="192.168.10.22:3306" user="root" password="oracle">
<readHost host="mysql2" url="192.168.10.23:3306" user="root" password="oracle" weight="1" />
</writeHost>
<writeHost host="mysql2" url="192.168.10.23:3306" user="root" password="oracle">
</writeHost>
--具体写服务器的设置，每个host都对应一个DB，需要设置连接mysql DB的URL、用户名和密码，主机的名称都不能相同；
对于主机设置的数量需要事先规划好。
情况一：对于不使用mycat做高可用和读写分离的情况，只需要设置一个写主机writeHost即可；
情况二：对于使用mycat做读写分离的情况，可以设置一个writeHost作为写节点，设置一个对应的读节点readHost,
采用balance=3的方式进行读写分离；也可以设置多个writeHost，只在第一个writeHost上写入，其他都根据负载均衡读请求；
情况一：对于使用mycat做高可用的情况，必须设置两个、或两个以上的writeHost节点，这样才可以切换；
高可用可以根据不同情况设置不同的心跳，主从切换方式。
从物理上讲，mycat中定义的writeHost和readHost，在物理上，都是只有写请求的那个writeHost是对应Master数据库的，
其他的writeHost和readHost都是对应slave节点的。
一般实际应用中，也是将读写分离和高可用结合起来使用，将物理上的slave设置为writeHost，即可实现读写分离，也可以高可用。
mycat中switchType=1,2,3 这三种情况，分别适用于不同的场景，设置为1，自动切换，是指mycat在屋里master宕机时，才会主从切换。
配置mycat：
vi schema.xml
<schema name="db1" checkSQLschema="false" sqlMaxLimit="100" dataNode="dn1">
</schema>
<schema name="db2" checkSQLschema="false" sqlMaxLimit="100" dataNode="dn2">
</schema>
<schema name="db3" checkSQLschema="false" sqlMaxLimit="100" dataNode="dn3">
</schema>
<dataNode name="dn1" dataHost="mysql1" database="db1" />
<dataNode name="dn2" dataHost="mysql1" database="db2" />
<dataNode name="dn3" dataHost="mysql1" database="db3" />
<!--######### TESTDB脢戮脻麓 ########-->
<dataHost name="mysql1" maxCon="1000" minCon="10" balance="1"
writeType="0" dbType="mysql" dbDriver="native" switchType="2" slaveThreshold="100">
<heartbeat>show slave status</heartbeat>
<writeHost host="mysql1" url="192.168.10.22:3306" user="root" password="oracle">
</writeHost>
<writeHost host="mysql2" url="192.168.10.23:3306" user="root" password="oracle">
</writeHost>
</dataHost>
</mycat:schema>
vi server.xml
<user name="root">
<property name="password">oracle</property>
<property name="schemas">db1,db2,db3</property>
</user>
[root@mycat1 logs]# tail -800 wrapper.log
STATUS | wrapper | 2016/02/21 04:36:45 | --> Wrapper Started as Daemon
STATUS | wrapper | 2016/02/21 04:36:45 | Launching a JVM...
INFO | jvm 1 | 2016/02/21 04:36:46 | Wrapper (Version 3.2.3) http://wrapper.tanukisoftware.org
INFO | jvm 1 | 2016/02/21 04:36:46 | Copyright 1999-2006 Tanuki Software, Inc. All Rights Reserved.
INFO | jvm 1 | 2016/02/21 04:36:46 |
INFO | jvm 1 | 2016/02/21 04:36:46 | log4j 2016-02-21 04:36:46 [./conf/log4j.xml] load completed.
INFO | jvm 1 | 2016/02/21 04:36:47 | MyCAT Server startup successfully. see logs in logs/mycat.log
[root@mycat1 logs]# netstat -an|grep 9066
tcp 0 0 :::9066 :::* LISTEN
[root@mycat1 logs]# tail -800 mycat.log
......
2/21 04:42:17.174 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-1-RW] (PhysicalDatasource.java:403) -release channel
MySQLConnection [id=9, lastTime=1456000937137, user=root, schema=db1, old shema=db1, borrowed=true,
fromSlaveDB=false, threadId=30, charset=utf8, txIsolation=0, autocommit=true, attachment=null,
respHandler=null, host=192.168.10.22, port=3306, statusSync=null, writeQueue=0, modifiedSQLExecuted=false]
02/21 04:42:17.175 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-3-RW] (PhysicalDatasource.java:403) -release channel
MySQLConnection [id=11, lastTime=1456000937173, user=root, schema=db1, old shema=db1, borrowed=true,
fromSlaveDB=false, threadId=4, charset=latin1, txIsolation=3, autocommit=true, attachment=null,
respHandler=null, host=192.168.10.23, port=3306, statusSync=null, writeQueue=0, modifiedSQLExecuted=false]
测试验证读写分离模式：
[root@mycat1 conf]# mysql -uroot -poracle -h192.168.10.21 -P8066
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5
Server version: 5.5.8-mycat-1.5-alpha-20151221110028 MyCat Server (OpenCloundDB)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+----------+
| DATABASE |
+----------+
| db1 |
| db2 |
| db3 |
+----------+
3 rows in set (0.02 sec)
use db1;
create table company(id int not null primary key,name varchar(100));
insert into company(id,name) values(1,'alibaba');
查看mycat.log：
02/21 06:28:07.085 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-0-RW] (ServerQueryHandler.java:56) -ServerConnection [id=5, schema=db1, host=192.168.10.21, user=root,txIsolation=3, autocommit=true, schema=db1]insert into company(id,name) values(1,'alibaba')
02/21 06:28:07.085 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-0-RW] (NonBlockingSession.java:113) -ServerConnection [id=5, schema=db1, host=192.168.10.21, user=root,txIsolation=3, autocommit=true, schema=db1]insert into company(id,name) values(1,'alibaba'), route={
1 -> dn1{insert into company(id,name) values(1,'alibaba')}
} rrs
02/21 06:28:07.086 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-0-RW] (MySQLConnection.java:445) -con need syn ,total syn cmd 2 commands SET names latin1;SET SESSION TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL REPEATABLE READ;schema change:false con:MySQLConnection [id=1, lastTime=1456007287085, user=root, schema=db1, old shema=db1, borrowed=true, fromSlaveDB=false, threadId=24, charset=latin1, txIsolation=0, autocommit=true, attachment=dn1{insert into company(id,name) values(1,'alibaba')}, respHandler=SingleNodeHandler [node=dn1{insert into company(id,name) values(1,'alibaba')}, packetId=0], host=192.168.10.22, port=3306, statusSync=null, writeQueue=0, modifiedSQLExecuted=true]
02/21 06:28:07.124 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-1-RW] (NonBlockingSession.java:229) -release connection MySQLConnection [id=1, lastTime=1456007287072, user=root, schema=db1, old shema=db1, borrowed=true, fromSlaveDB=false, threadId=24, charset=latin1, txIsolation=3, autocommit=true, attachment=dn1{insert into company(id,name) values(1,'alibaba')}, respHandler=SingleNodeHandler [node=dn1{insert into company(id,name) values(1,'alibaba')}, packetId=0], host=192.168.10.22, port=3306, statusSync=null, writeQueue=0, modifiedSQLExecuted=true]
连接mycat进行select操作：
select * from company;
查看mycat.log：
02/21 06:31:17.261 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-0-RW] (ServerQueryHandler.java:56) -ServerConnection[id=5, schema=db1, host=192.168.10.21, user=root,txIsolation=3, autocommit=true, schema=db1]select * from company
02/21 06:31:17.265 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-0-RW] (EnchachePool.java:76) -SQLRouteCache miss cache ,key:db1select * from company
02/21 06:31:17.265 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-0-RW] (NonBlockingSession.java:113) -ServerConnection [id=5, schema=db1, host=192.168.10.21, user=root,txIsolation=3, autocommit=true, schema=db1]select * from company, route={
1 -> dn1{select * from company}
} rrs
02/21 06:31:17.265 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-0-RW] (PhysicalDBPool.java:452) -select read source mysql2 for dataHost:mysql1
02/21 06:31:17.267 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-3-RW] (NonBlockingSession.java:229) -release connection MySQLConnection [id=11, lastTime=1456007477250, user=root, schema=db1, old shema=db1, borrowed=true, fromSlaveDB=false, threadId=4, charset=latin1, txIsolation=3, autocommit=true, attachment=dn1{select * from company}, respHandler=SingleNodeHandler [node=dn1{select * from company}, packetId=5], host=192.168.10.23, port=3306, statusSync=null, writeQueue=0, modifiedSQLExecuted=false]
经过多次观察，select * from company都去读从库了；
查看管理信息：
[root@mycat1 conf]# mysql -uroot -poracle -h192.168.10.21 -P9066
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 6
Server version: 5.5.8-mycat-1.5-alpha-20151221110028 MyCat Server (monitor)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show @@heartbeat;
+--------+-------+---------------+------+---------+-------+--------+---------+--------------+---------------------+-------+
| NAME | TYPE | HOST | PORT | RS_CODE | RETRY | STATUS | TIMEOUT | EXECUTE_TIME | LAST_ACTIVE_TIME | STOP |
+--------+-------+---------------+------+---------+-------+--------+---------+--------------+---------------------+-------+
| mysql1 | mysql | 192.168.10.22 | 3306 | 1 | 0 | idle | 0 | 5,12,10 | 2016-02-21 18:12:07 | false |
| mysql2 | mysql | 192.168.10.23 | 3306 | 1 | 0 | idle | 0 | 1,41,15 | 2016-02-21 18:12:07 | false |
+--------+-------+---------------+------+---------+-------+--------+---------+--------------+---------------------+-------+
2 rows in set (0.04 sec)
mysql> show @@backend;
+------------+------+---------+---------------+------+--------+----------+---------+-------+--------+----------+------------+--------+----------+---------+------------+
| processor | id | mysqlId | host | port | l_port | net_in | net_out | life | closed | borrowed | SEND_QUEUE | schema | charset | txlevel | autocommit |
+------------+------+---------+---------------+------+--------+----------+---------+-------+--------+----------+------------+--------+----------+---------+------------+
| Processor0 | 13 | 32 | 192.168.10.22 | 3306 | 36280 | 1391408 | 13288 | 47798 | false | false | 0 | db1 | utf8:33 | 0 | true |
| Processor0 | 8 | 26 | 192.168.10.22 | 3306 | 36270 | 1451598 | 13860 | 48998 | false | false | 0 | db1 | utf8:33 | 0 | true |
| Processor1 | 5 | 28 | 192.168.10.22 | 3306 | 36272 | 226963 | 2222 | 48998 | false | false | 0 | db2 | utf8:33 | 0 | true |
| Processor1 | 9 | 30 | 192.168.10.22 | 3306 | 36274 | 1449316 | 13983 | 48998 | false | false | 0 | db1 | latin1:8 | 3 | true |
| Processor1 | 1 | 24 | 192.168.10.22 | 3306 | 36268 | 1449316 | 13964 | 48998 | false | false | 0 | db1 | latin1:8 | 3 | true |
| Processor1 | 14 | 33 | 192.168.10.22 | 3306 | 36281 | 1368258 | 13068 | 47198 | false | false | 0 | db1 | utf8:33 | 0 | true |
| Processor2 | 10 | 23 | 192.168.10.22 | 3306 | 36267 | 1451598 | 13860 | 48998 | false | false | 0 | db1 | utf8:33 | 0 | true |
| Processor2 | 15 | 34 | 192.168.10.22 | 3306 | 36282 | 1347423 | 12870 | 46598 | false | false | 0 | db1 | utf8:33 | 0 | true |
| Processor3 | 12 | 31 | 192.168.10.22 | 3306 | 36279 | 1433078 | 13684 | 48698 | false | false | 0 | db1 | utf8:33 | 0 | true |
| Processor3 | 7 | 27 | 192.168.10.22 | 3306 | 36271 | 226963 | 2222 | 48998 | false | false | 0 | db2 | utf8:33 | 0 | true |
| Processor3 | 11 | 4 | 192.168.10.23 | 3306 | 60806 | 13061320 | 107991 | 48998 | false | false | 0 | db1 | latin1:8 | 3 | true |
+------------+------+---------+---------------+------+--------+----------+---------+-------+--------+----------+------------+--------+----------+---------+------------+
11 rows in set (0.01 sec)
现在停止主库，看看还能否正常提供服务：
[root@mysql1 mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysql stop
Shutting down MySQL............[ OK ]
查看mycat.log：
02/21 18:22:58.508 INFO [$_NIOConnector] (SQLJob.java:111) -can't get connection for sql :show slave status
02/21 18:22:58.508 INFO [$_NIOConnector] (PhysicalDatasource.java:373) -not ilde connection in pool,create new connection for mysql1 of schema db1
02/21 18:22:58.510 INFO [$_NIOConnector] (AbstractConnection.java:458) -close connection,reason:java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused ,MySQLConnection [id=0, lastTime=1456050178505, user=root, schema=db1, old shema=db1, borrowed=false, fromSlaveDB=false, threadId=0, charset=utf8, txIsolation=0, autocommit=true, attachment=null, respHandler=null, host=192.168.10.22, port=3306, statusSync=null, writeQueue=0, modifiedSQLExecuted=false]
02/21 18:22:58.510 INFO [$_NIOConnector] (SQLJob.java:111) -can't get connection for sql :show slave status
02/21 18:22:58.510 INFO [$_NIOConnector] (PhysicalDatasource.java:373) -not ilde connection in pool,create new connection for mysql1 of schema db1
02/21 18:22:58.511 INFO [$_NIOConnector] (AbstractConnection.java:458) -close connection,reason:java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused ,MySQLConnection [id=0, lastTime=1456050178505, user=root, schema=db1, old shema=db1, borrowed=false, fromSlaveDB=false, threadId=0, charset=utf8, txIsolation=0, autocommit=true, attachment=null, respHandler=null, host=192.168.10.22, port=3306, statusSync=null, writeQueue=0, modifiedSQLExecuted=false]
02/21 18:22:58.511 INFO [$_NIOConnector] (SQLJob.java:111) -can't get connection for sql :show slave status
02/21 18:22:58.511 INFO [$_NIOConnector] (PhysicalDatasource.java:373) -not ilde connection in pool,create new connection for mysql1 of schema db1
02/21 18:22:58.513 INFO [$_NIOConnector] (AbstractConnection.java:458) -close connection,reason:java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused ,MySQLConnection [id=0, lastTime=1456050178505, user=root, schema=db1, old shema=db1, borrowed=false, fromSlaveDB=false, threadId=0, charset=utf8, txIsolation=0, autocommit=true, attachment=null, respHandler=null, host=192.168.10.22, port=3306, statusSync=null, writeQueue=0, modifiedSQLExecuted=false]
再次连接mycat,看看是否还能正常进行操作：
[root@mycat1 conf]# mysql -uroot -poracle -h192.168.10.21 -P8066
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 5.5.8-mycat-1.5-alpha-20151221110028 MyCat Server (OpenCloundDB)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+----------+
| DATABASE |
+----------+
| db1 |
| db2 |
| db3 |
+----------+
3 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> use db1;
Database changed
mysql> select * from company;
+----+---------+
| id | name |
+----+---------+
| 1 | alibaba |
+----+---------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> insert into company(id,name) values(2,'jingdong');
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.09 sec)
mysql> select * from company;
+----+----------+
| id | name |
+----+----------+
| 1 | alibaba |
| 2 | jingdong |
+----+----------+
2 rows in set (0.02 sec)
可以看出，还可以正常操作。
再查看管理信息：
[root@mycat1 conf]# mysql -uroot -poracle -h192.168.10.21 -P9066
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 5.5.8-mycat-1.5-alpha-20151221110028 MyCat Server (monitor)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show @@heartbeat;
+--------+-------+---------------+------+---------+-------+--------+---------+--------------+---------------------+-------+
| NAME | TYPE | HOST | PORT | RS_CODE | RETRY | STATUS | TIMEOUT | EXECUTE_TIME | LAST_ACTIVE_TIME | STOP |
+--------+-------+---------------+------+---------+-------+--------+---------+--------------+---------------------+-------+
| mysql1 | mysql | 192.168.10.22 | 3306 | -1 | 0 | idle | 0 | 2,1,3 | 2016-02-21 18:29:58 | false |
| mysql2 | mysql | 192.168.10.23 | 3306 | 1 | 0 | idle | 0 | 10,4,18 | 2016-02-21 18:29:58 | false |
+--------+-------+---------------+------+---------+-------+--------+---------+--------------+---------------------+-------+
2 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql> show @@backend;
+------------+------+---------+---------------+------+--------+----------+---------+-------+--------+----------+------------+--------+----------+---------+------------+
| processor | id | mysqlId | host | port | l_port | net_in | net_out | life | closed | borrowed | SEND_QUEUE | schema | charset | txlevel | autocommit |
+------------+------+---------+---------------+------+--------+----------+---------+-------+--------+----------+------------+--------+----------+---------+------------+
| Processor0 | 16 | 5 | 192.168.10.23 | 3306 | 60959 | 93 | 66 | 270 | false | false | 0 | db3 | utf8:33 | 0 | true |
| Processor1 | 17 | 6 | 192.168.10.23 | 3306 | 60960 | 33756 | 483 | 270 | false | false | 0 | db1 | latin1:8 | 3 | true |
| Processor2 | 18 | 7 | 192.168.10.23 | 3306 | 60961 | 93 | 66 | 270 | false | false | 0 | db2 | utf8:33 | 0 | true |
| Processor3 | 11 | 4 | 192.168.10.23 | 3306 | 60806 | 13320587 | 110199 | 50071 | false | false | 0 | db1 | latin1:8 | 3 | true |
+------------+------+---------+---------------+------+--------+----------+---------+-------+--------+----------+------------+--------+----------+---------+------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)
源主库恢复后，现在主从角色对换了，需要进行如下操作：
恢复原主节点的操作：
先停止源从节点的从复制操作，在启动原主节点的从复制操作
在原来的从库，也就是从现在的主库：
mysql> stop slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.09 sec)
并将DB1库导出：
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump -uroot -poracle --master-data=2 --single-transaction -R -B db1 > /opt/db1.sql
并将/opt/db1.sql传送到原来的主库。
在原来的主库上：
[root@mysql1 mysql]# /etc/init.d/mysql start
Starting MySQL......[ OK ]
mysql> drop table company;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.09 sec)
mysql> source /opt/db1.sql;
......
mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.10.23',
-> master_port=3306, master_user='repluser',
-> master_password='oracle', master_log_file='mysql-bin.000003',master_log_pos=324;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.24 sec)
mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.06 sec)
mysql> show slave status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
Master_Host: 192.168.10.23
Master_User: repluser
Master_Port: 3306
Connect_Retry: 60
Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
Read_Master_Log_Pos: 324
Relay_Log_File: my3306-relay-bin.000002
Relay_Log_Pos: 283
Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000003
Slave_IO_Running: Yes
Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
已经恢复正常。
再次登录mycat,进行操作：
[root@mycat1 conf]# mysql -uroot -poracle -h192.168.10.21 -P8066
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 10
Server version: 5.5.8-mycat-1.5-alpha-20151221110028 MyCat Server (OpenCloundDB)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;
+----------+
| DATABASE |
+----------+
| db1 |
| db2 |
| db3 |
+----------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
查看mycat.log
02/21 18:54:34.371 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-3-RW] (ServerQueryHandler.java:56) -ServerConnection [id=10, schema=db1, host=192.168.10.21, user=root,txIsolation=3, autocommit=true, schema=db1]select * from company
02/21 18:54:34.371 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-3-RW] (EnchachePool.java:76) -SQLRouteCache miss cache ,key:db1select * from company
02/21 18:54:34.372 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-3-RW] (NonBlockingSession.java:113) -ServerConnection [id=10, schema=db1, host=192.168.10.21, user=root,txIsolation=3, autocommit=true, schema=db1]select * from company, route={
1 -> dn1{select * from company}
} rrs
02/21 18:54:34.372 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-3-RW] (PhysicalDBPool.java:452) -select read source mysql1 for dataHost:mysql1
02/21 18:54:34.375 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-1-RW] (NonBlockingSession.java:229) -release connection MySQLConnection [id=24, lastTime=1456052074371, user=root, schema=db1, old shema=db1, borrowed=true, fromSlaveDB=false, threadId=1, charset=latin1, txIsolation=3, autocommit=true, attachment=dn1{select * from company}, respHandler=SingleNodeHandler [node=dn1{select * from company}, packetId=6], host=192.168.10.22, port=3306, statusSync=null, writeQueue=0, modifiedSQLExecuted=false]
02/21 18:54:34.375 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-1-RW] (PhysicalDatasource.java:403) -release channel MySQLConnection [id=24, lastTime=1456052074371, user=root, schema=db1, old shema=db1, borrowed=true, fromSlaveDB=false, threadId=1, charset=latin1, txIsolation=3, autocommit=true, attachment=null, respHandler=null, host=192.168.10.22, port=3306, statusSync=null, writeQueue=0, modifiedSQLExecuted=false]
02/21 18:54:36.670 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-3-RW] (ServerQueryHandler.java:56) -ServerConnection [id=10, schema=db1, host=192.168.10.21, user=root,txIsolation=3, autocommit=true, schema=db1]select * from company
02/21 18:54:36.671 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-3-RW] (EnchachePool.java:76) -SQLRouteCache miss cache ,key:db1select * from company
02/21 18:54:36.671 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-3-RW] (NonBlockingSession.java:113) -ServerConnection [id=10, schema=db1, host=192.168.10.21, user=root,txIsolation=3, autocommit=true, schema=db1]select * from company, route={
1 -> dn1{select * from company}
} rrs
02/21 18:54:36.671 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-3-RW] (PhysicalDBPool.java:452) -select read source mysql1 for dataHost:mysql1
02/21 18:54:36.673 DEBUG [$_NIOREACTOR-1-RW] (NonBlockingSession.java:229) -release connection MySQLConnection [id=24, lastTime=1456052076671, user=root, schema=db1, old shema=db1, borrowed=true, fromSlaveDB=false, threadId=1, charset=latin1, txIsolation=3, autocommit=true, attachment=dn1{select * from company}, respHandler=SingleNodeHandler [node=dn1{select * from company}, packetId=6], host=192.168.10.22, port=3306, statusSync=null, writeQueue=0, modifiedSQLExecuted=false]
发现select都在原来的主库上了。
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