关于hibernate中双向外键关联one-to-one的property-ref=的问题

2011-07-06 18:19:14|  分类： 默认分类 |  标签：hibernate  property-ref   |字号 订阅
大家都知道hibernate中的one-to-one映射主要有两种策略，（1）一对一主键关联（单向和双向）。（2）一对一外键映射（单项和双向）。本文主要讲解一下，一对一外键映射中的双向问题，在此前先通过一个实例了解。 


  person和idCard,是一种一对一的关系，其中 
  
t_person表                               
id        name       idCard(unique) 
1         张三      
2   王五       1 


其中王五是没有idcard，这也符合现实中的，有些人是没有身份证的。 
t_idCard表 
id         cardNo 
1    11111111111111 




实体类： 
    IdCard 
package com.bjpowernode.hibernate; 


public class IdCard { 


private int id; 


private String cardNo; 


private Person person; 


public Person getPerson() { 
return person; 
} 


public void setPerson(Person person) { 
this.person = person; 
} 


public int getId() { 
return id; 
} 


public void setId(int id) { 
this.id = id; 
} 


public String getCardNo() { 
return cardNo; 
} 


public void setCardNo(String cardNo) { 
this.cardNo = cardNo; 
} 




} 


             Person 
package com.bjpowernode.hibernate; 


public class Person { 


private int id; 


private String name; 


private IdCard idCard; 


public int getId() { 
return id; 
} 


public void setId(int id) { 
this.id = id; 
} 


public String getName() { 
return name; 
} 


public void setName(String name) { 
this.name = name; 
} 


public IdCard getIdCard() { 
return idCard; 
} 


public void setIdCard(IdCard idCard) { 
this.idCard = idCard; 
} 
} 


（3）配置文件 
   IdCard的： 
  <?xml version="1.0"?> 
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" 
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> 
<hibernate-mapping package="com.bjpowernode.hibernate"> 
<class name="IdCard" table="t_idCard"> 
<id name="id"> 
<generator class="native"/> 
</id> 
<property name="cardNo"/> 
<one-to-one name="person"  class="Person"  /> 
</class> 
</hibernate-mapping> 


Person的： 


<?xml version="1.0"?> 
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC 
"-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" 
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> 
<hibernate-mapping package="com.bjpowernode.hibernate"> 
<class name="Person" table="t_person"> 
<id name="id"> 
<generator class="native"/> 
</id> 
<property name="name"/> 
<many-to-one name="idCard" cascade="all" class="IdCard" 
unique="true" column="card_ID" /> 
</class> 
</hibernate-mapping> 
（3） 
向t_person中插入数据： 
import org.hibernate.Session; 


import junit.framework.TestCase; 


public class One2OneTest extends TestCase { 


public void testSave1() { 
Session session = null; 
try { 
session = HibernateUtils.getSession(); 
session.beginTransaction(); 


Person person = new Person(); 
person.setName("张三"); 


session.save(person); 
session.getTransaction().commit(); 
}catch(Exception e) { 
e.printStackTrace(); 
session.getTransaction().rollback(); 
}finally { 
HibernateUtils.closeSession(session); 
} 
} 
结果如下： 
mysql> select * from t_person; 
+----+------+---------+ 
| id | name | card_ID | 
+----+------+---------+ 
|  1 | 张三 |    NULL | 
+----+------+---------+ 
1 row in set (0.00 sec) 


mysql> select * from t_idcard; 
Empty set (0.00 sec) 


在插入数据： 
public void testSave2() { 
Session session = null; 
try { 
session = HibernateUtils.getSession(); 
session.beginTransaction(); 


IdCard idCard = new IdCard(); 
idCard.setCardNo("1111111111"); 
session.save(idCard); 


Person person = new Person(); 
person.setName("王五"); 
//建立关联 
person.setIdCard(idCard); 


session.save(person); 


session.getTransaction().commit(); 
}catch(Exception e) { 
e.printStackTrace(); 
session.getTransaction().rollback(); 
}finally { 
HibernateUtils.closeSession(session); 
} 
} 
数据库中的结果如下： 
mysql> select * from t_person; 
+----+------+---------+ 
| id | name | card_ID | 
+----+------+---------+ 
|  1 | 张三 |    NULL | 
|  2 | 王五 |       1 | 
+----+------+---------+ 
2 rows in set (0.00 sec) 


mysql> select * from t_idcard; 
+----+------------+ 
| id | cardNo     | 
+----+------------+ 
|  1 | 1111111111 | 
+----+------------+ 
1 row in set (0.00 sec) 
（4）加载数据，这样的话就可以从person的一端加载到idCard， 
如下： 
public void testLoad1() { 
Session session = null; 
try { 
session = HibernateUtils.getSession(); 
session.beginTransaction(); 
Person person = (Person)session.load(Person.class, 2); 
System.out.println("person.name=" + person.getName()); 
System.out.println("person.cardNo=" +                   person.getIdCard().getCardNo()); 
session.getTransaction().commit(); 
}catch(Exception e) { 
e.printStackTrace(); 
session.getTransaction().rollback(); 
}finally { 
HibernateUtils.closeSession(session); 
} 
} 
结果如下： 
    Hibernate: select person0_.id as id0_0_, person0_.name as name0_0_, person0_.card_ID as card3_0_0_ from t_person person0_ where person0_.id=? 
person.name=王五 
        Hibernate: select idcard0_.id as id1_1_, idcard0_.cardNo as cardNo1_1_, person1_.id as id0_0_, person1_.name as name0_0_, person1_.card_ID as card3_0_0_ from t_idCard idcard0_ left outer join t_person person1_ on idcard0_.id=person1_.id where idcard0_.id=? 
    person.cardNo=1111111111 这样的就找到了person对应的idcard，那能不能有idCard找到person呢？ 


public void testLoad2() { 
Session session = null; 
try { 
session = HibernateUtils.getSession(); 
session.beginTransaction(); 
//                      
IdCard idCard = (IdCard)session.load(IdCard.class, 1); 
System.out.println("idCard.cardNo=" + idCard.getCardNo()); 
System.out.println("idCard.person.name=" + idCard.getPerson().getName()); 
session.getTransaction().commit(); 
}catch(Exception e) { 
e.printStackTrace(); 
session.getTransaction().rollback(); 
}finally { 
HibernateUtils.closeSession(session); 
} 
} 
结果如下： 
Hibernate: select idcard0_.id as id1_1_, idcard0_.cardNo as cardNo1_1_, person1_.id as id0_0_, person1_.name as name0_0_, person1_.card_ID as card3_0_0_ from t_idCard idcard0_ left outer join t_person person1_ on idcard0_.id=person1_.id where idcard0_.id=? 
idCard.cardNo=1111111111 
idCard.person.name=张三 
结果对吗？ 
  肯定不对，idCard.cardNo=1111111111这是王五的idCard，怎么查出来张三的呢？原因在于： 


idCard的配置文件问题： 
应该在idCard的配置文件的<one-to-one name="person"  class="Person"  /> 
修改为<one-to-one name="person"  class="Person"  property-ref="idCard"/> 
因为：如果不修改则idCard会根据自己的id和person中的id比较（因为one-to-one是通过id查找到的），这样是不符合要求的，因为我们t_idcard中的id和t_person中 Card_ID相比较，这样的话可以通过 
property-ref="idCard" 的设置找到t_person表中Card_ID和它作比较找到我们要找的数据。