双向外键关联one-to-one的property-ref=的问题

大家都知道hibernate中的one-to-one映射主要有两种策略，（1）一对一主键关联（单向和双向）。（2）一对一外键映射（单项和双向）。本文主要讲解一下，一对一外键映射中的双向问题，在此前先通过一个实例了解。   person和idCard,是一种一对一的关系，其中   t_person表                               id        name       idCard(unique) 1         张三      2   王五       1 其中王五是没有idcard，这也符合现实中的，有些人是没有身份证的。 t_idCard表 id         cardNo 1    11111111111111 实体类：     IdCard package com.bjpowernode.hibernate; public class IdCard { private int id; private String cardNo; private Person person; public Person getPerson() { return person; } public void setPerson(Person person) { this.person = person; } public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getCardNo() { return cardNo; } public void setCardNo(String cardNo) { this.cardNo = cardNo; } }              Person package com.bjpowernode.hibernate; public class Person { private int id; private String name; private IdCard idCard; public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public IdCard getIdCard() { return idCard; } public void setIdCard(IdCard idCard) { this.idCard = idCard; } } （3）配置文件    IdCard的：   <?xml version="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-mapping package="com.bjpowernode.hibernate"> <class name="IdCard" table="t_idCard"> <id name="id"> <generator class="native"/> </id> <property name="cardNo"/> <one-to-one name="person"  class="Person"  /> </class> </hibernate-mapping> Person的： <?xml version="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-mapping package="com.bjpowernode.hibernate"> <class name="Person" table="t_person"> <id name="id"> <generator class="native"/> </id> <property name="name"/> <many-to-one name="idCard" cascade="all" class="IdCard" unique="true" column="card_ID" /> </class> </hibernate-mapping> （3） 向t_person中插入数据： import org.hibernate.Session; import junit.framework.TestCase; public class One2OneTest extends TestCase { public void testSave1() { Session session = null; try { session = HibernateUtils.getSession(); session.beginTransaction(); Person person = new Person(); person.setName("张三"); session.save(person); session.getTransaction().commit(); }catch(Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); session.getTransaction().rollback(); }finally { HibernateUtils.closeSession(session); } } 结果如下： mysql> select * from t_person; +----+------+---------+ | id | name | card_ID | +----+------+---------+ |  1 | 张三 |    NULL | +----+------+---------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> select * from t_idcard; Empty set (0.00 sec) 在插入数据： public void testSave2() { Session session = null; try { session = HibernateUtils.getSession(); session.beginTransaction(); IdCard idCard = new IdCard(); idCard.setCardNo("1111111111"); session.save(idCard); Person person = new Person(); person.setName("王五"); //建立关联 person.setIdCard(idCard); session.save(person); session.getTransaction().commit(); }catch(Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); session.getTransaction().rollback(); }finally { HibernateUtils.closeSession(session); } } 数据库中的结果如下： mysql> select * from t_person; +----+------+---------+ | id | name | card_ID | +----+------+---------+ |  1 | 张三 |    NULL | |  2 | 王五 |       1 | +----+------+---------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> select * from t_idcard; +----+------------+ | id | cardNo     | +----+------------+ |  1 | 1111111111 | +----+------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) （4）加载数据，这样的话就可以从person的一端加载到idCard， 如下： public void testLoad1() { Session session = null; try { session = HibernateUtils.getSession(); session.beginTransaction(); Person person = (Person)session.load(Person.class, 2); System.out.println("person.name=" + person.getName()); System.out.println("person.cardNo=" +                   person.getIdCard().getCardNo()); session.getTransaction().commit(); }catch(Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); session.getTransaction().rollback(); }finally { HibernateUtils.closeSession(session); } } 结果如下：     Hibernate: select person0_.id as id0_0_, person0_.name as name0_0_, person0_.card_ID as card3_0_0_ from t_person person0_ where person0_.id=? person.name=王五         Hibernate: select idcard0_.id as id1_1_, idcard0_.cardNo as cardNo1_1_, person1_.id as id0_0_, person1_.name as name0_0_, person1_.card_ID as card3_0_0_ from t_idCard idcard0_ left outer join t_person person1_ on idcard0_.id=person1_.id where idcard0_.id=?     person.cardNo=1111111111 这样的就找到了person对应的idcard，那能不能有idCard找到person呢？ public void testLoad2() { Session session = null; try { session = HibernateUtils.getSession(); session.beginTransaction(); //                      IdCard idCard = (IdCard)session.load(IdCard.class, 1); System.out.println("idCard.cardNo=" + idCard.getCardNo()); System.out.println("idCard.person.name=" + idCard.getPerson().getName()); session.getTransaction().commit(); }catch(Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); session.getTransaction().rollback(); }finally { HibernateUtils.closeSession(session); } } 结果如下： Hibernate: select idcard0_.id as id1_1_, idcard0_.cardNo as cardNo1_1_, person1_.id as id0_0_, person1_.name as name0_0_, person1_.card_ID as card3_0_0_ from t_idCard idcard0_ left outer join t_person person1_ on idcard0_.id=person1_.id where idcard0_.id=? idCard.cardNo=1111111111 idCard.person.name=张三 结果对吗？   肯定不对，idCard.cardNo=1111111111这是王五的idCard，怎么查出来张三的呢？原因在于： idCard的配置文件问题： 应该在idCard的配置文件的<one-to-one name="person"  class="Person"  /> 修改为<one-to-one name="person"  class="Person"  property-ref="idCard"/> 因为：如果不修改则idCard会根据自己的id和person中的id比较（因为one-to-one是通过id查找到的），这样是不符合要求的，因为我们t_idcard中的id和t_person中 Card_ID相比较，这样的话可以通过 property-ref="idCard" 的设置找到t_person表中Card_ID和它作比较找到我们要找的数据。





大家都知道hibernate中的one-to-one映射主要有两种策略，（1）一对一主键关联（单向和双向）。（2）一对一外键映射（单项和双向）。本文主要讲解一下，一对一外键映射中的双向问题，在此前先通过一个实例了解。 person和idCard,是一种一对一的关系，其中 t_person表 id name idCard(unique) 1 张三 2 王五 1 其中王五是没有idcard，这也符合现实中的，有些人是没有身份证的。 t_idCard表 id cardNo 1 11111111111111 实体类：
 IdCard package com.bjpowernode.hibernate; public class IdCard { private int id; private String cardNo; private Person person; public Person getPerson() { return person; } public void setPerson(Person person) { this.person = person; } public int getId() { return
 id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getCardNo() { return cardNo; } public void setCardNo(String cardNo) { this.cardNo = cardNo; } } Person package com.bjpowernode.hibernate; public class Person { private int id; private String name;
 private IdCard idCard; public int getId() { return id; } public void setId(int id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public IdCard getIdCard() { return idCard; } public void setIdCard(IdCard
 idCard) { this.idCard = idCard; } } （3）配置文件 IdCard的： <?xml version="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-mapping package="com.bjpowernode.hibernate">
 <class name="IdCard" table="t_idCard"> <id name="id"> <generator class="native"/> </id> <property name="cardNo"/> <one-to-one name="person" class="Person" /> </class> </hibernate-mapping> Person的： <?xml version="1.0"?> <!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate
 Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"> <hibernate-mapping package="com.bjpowernode.hibernate"> <class name="Person" table="t_person"> <id name="id"> <generator class="native"/> </id> <property name="name"/> <many-to-one
 name="idCard" cascade="all" class="IdCard" unique="true" column="card_ID" /> </class> </hibernate-mapping> （3） 向t_person中插入数据： import org.hibernate.Session; import junit.framework.TestCase; public class One2OneTest extends TestCase { public void testSave1()
 { Session session = null; try { session = HibernateUtils.getSession(); session.beginTransaction(); Person person = new Person(); person.setName("张三"); session.save(person); session.getTransaction().commit(); }catch(Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); session.getTransaction().rollback();
 }finally { HibernateUtils.closeSession(session); } } 结果如下： mysql> select * from t_person; +----+------+---------+ | id | name | card_ID | +----+------+---------+ | 1 | 张三 | NULL | +----+------+---------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) mysql> select * from t_idcard;
 Empty set (0.00 sec) 在插入数据： public void testSave2() { Session session = null; try { session = HibernateUtils.getSession(); session.beginTransaction(); IdCard idCard = new IdCard(); idCard.setCardNo("1111111111"); session.save(idCard); Person person = new Person();
 person.setName("王五"); //建立关联 person.setIdCard(idCard); session.save(person); session.getTransaction().commit(); }catch(Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); session.getTransaction().rollback(); }finally { HibernateUtils.closeSession(session); } } 数据库中的结果如下：
 mysql> select * from t_person; +----+------+---------+ | id | name | card_ID | +----+------+---------+ | 1 | 张三 | NULL | | 2 | 王五 | 1 | +----+------+---------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> select * from t_idcard; +----+------------+ | id | cardNo | +----+------------+
 | 1 | 1111111111 | +----+------------+ 1 row in set (0.00 sec) （4）加载数据，这样的话就可以从person的一端加载到idCard， 如下： public void testLoad1() { Session session = null; try { session = HibernateUtils.getSession(); session.beginTransaction(); Person person = (Person)session.load(Person.class,
 2); System.out.println("person.name=" + person.getName()); System.out.println("person.cardNo=" + person.getIdCard().getCardNo()); session.getTransaction().commit(); }catch(Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); session.getTransaction().rollback(); }finally {
 HibernateUtils.closeSession(session); } } 结果如下： Hibernate: select person0_.id as id0_0_, person0_.name as name0_0_, person0_.card_ID as card3_0_0_ from t_person person0_ where person0_.id=? person.name=王五 Hibernate: select idcard0_.id as id1_1_, idcard0_.cardNo
 as cardNo1_1_, person1_.id as id0_0_, person1_.name as name0_0_, person1_.card_ID as card3_0_0_ from t_idCard idcard0_ left outer join t_person person1_ on idcard0_.id=person1_.id where idcard0_.id=? person.cardNo=1111111111 这样的就找到了person对应的idcard，那能不能有idCard找到person呢？
 public void testLoad2() { Session session = null; try { session = HibernateUtils.getSession(); session.beginTransaction(); // IdCard idCard = (IdCard)session.load(IdCard.class, 1); System.out.println("idCard.cardNo=" + idCard.getCardNo()); System.out.println("idCard.person.name="
 + idCard.getPerson().getName()); session.getTransaction().commit(); }catch(Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); session.getTransaction().rollback(); }finally { HibernateUtils.closeSession(session); } } 结果如下： Hibernate: select idcard0_.id as id1_1_, idcard0_.cardNo
 as cardNo1_1_, person1_.id as id0_0_, person1_.name as name0_0_, person1_.card_ID as card3_0_0_ from t_idCard idcard0_ left outer join t_person person1_ on idcard0_.id=person1_.id where idcard0_.id=? idCard.cardNo=1111111111 idCard.person.name=张三 结果对吗？ 肯定不对，idCard.cardNo=1111111111这是王五的idCard，怎么查出来张三的呢？原因在于：
 idCard的配置文件问题： 应该在idCard的配置文件的<one-to-one name="person" class="Person" /> 修改为<one-to-one name="person" class="Person" property-ref="idCard"/> 因为：如果不修改则idCard会根据自己的id和person中的id比较（因为one-to-one是通过id查找到的），这样是不符合要求的，因为我们t_idcard中的id和t_person中 Card_ID相比较，这样的话可以通过
 property-ref="idCard" 的设置找到t_person表中Card_ID和它作比较找到我们要找的数据。