目录结构如下:
demo:(http://download.csdn.net/download/zhanglinlang/9760040)
struts 1 是对一个serlvet的封装:
核心类是 ActionServlet
我们需要将该serlvet 配置到 web.xml 中,当服务器启动时就启动该servlert,并且接受所有 *.do 的请求都交给他处理:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
<servlet>
<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<!-- config是关键字不能修改,struts 默认加载 /WEB-INF 路径下的 struts-config.xml
如果你按照约定来写,可以不用配置该config-->
<param-name>config</param-name>
<param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<!-- 核心类,最好服务器以请求就初始化 -->
<load-on-startup>0</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>login.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
当用户访问login.jsp 提交表单后,
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="<%=request.getContextPath()%>login.do">
username:<input type="text" name="username"><br>
password:<input type="text" name="password"><br>
<input type="submit" value="login">
</form>
</body>
</html>
会根据 web.xml 中配置 规则,将所有 *.do 的请求交个 ActionServlet。该servelt 会在加载时,就读取struts-config.xml配置文件。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE struts-config PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.2//EN"
"http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-config_1_2.dtd">
<struts-config>
<form-beans>
<form-bean name="loginForm" type="com.zll.LoginFrom"></form-bean>
</form-beans>
<action-mappings>
<action path="/login" type="com.zll.LoginAction" name="loginForm">
<forward name="loginSuccess" path="/loginSuccess.jsp"></forward>
<forward name="loginFailure" path="/loginFailure.jsp"></forward>
</action>
</action-mappings>
</struts-config>
该配置文件正好有一个action的path=”/login”
对应 com.zll.LoginAction name= loginFrom
name 是一个实体类对象:
public class LoginFrom extends ActionForm {
private String username;
private String password;
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
}
ActionServlet 通过读取xml文件找到了对象的action 和 实体类,通过反射,将request中的参数封装到 LoginFrom中去,然后在调用LoginAction. execute(….)方法传递过去,
我们通过操作LoginFrom就可以很方便的获取页面传递来的数据了。
public class LoginAction extends Action {
@Override
public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form, HttpServletRequest request,
HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
LoginFrom loginForm = (LoginFrom) form;
if(loginForm.getUsername().equals("zll")){
return mapping.findForward("loginSuccess");
}else{
return mapping.findForward("loginFailure");
}
}
}
数据处理完毕后,调用 mapping.findForWord()方法。
mapping 对象内存着 struts-config.xml中的配置 forward 键值对,轻松就找到对应的页面。将我们的处理结果放回给客户端。