IOS视频编辑功能详解下篇-视频裁剪、视频拼接、音视频的处理

转自:http://www.hudongdong.com/ios/550.html

前言

用代码在简单视频编辑中，主要就是加美颜、水印（贴图）、视频截取、视频拼接、音视频的处理，在美颜中，使用GPUImage即可实现多种滤镜、磨皮美颜的功能，并且可以脸部识别实时美颜等功能，这个有很多成熟的处理方案，所以现在主要说后面的水印（贴图）、视频截取、视频拼接、音视频的处理，在文章结尾会给出一个完整的测试demo，该demo可以操作视频之后保存到系统相册，文章主要说明下注意的点。

上篇讲了视频编辑功能详解上篇-添加水印，本篇就说下视频裁剪、视频拼接、音视频的处理。

原理

正如上篇提到的，因为GPUImage只是对视频进行滤镜处理，并没有涉及到视频轨和音轨的处理，所以在视频的处理裁剪等编辑上面主要还是使用的AVFoundation对视频轨和音轨进行处理。

本篇略长，如果只是使用，可以直接去文章最后下载demo源码，复制使用即可。不过建议看懂源码，这样在视频的移动编辑上面就可以自己随便改了。

一、视频裁剪

完整源码：

//使用gpuimage重新录制一次
-(void)saveVedioPath:(NSURL*)vedioPath WithFileName:(NSString*)fileName andCallBack:(JLXCommonToolVedioCompletionHandler)competion
{
    self.completionHandler = competion;
    // 滤镜
    filter = [[GPUImageAlphaBlendFilter alloc] init];
    //    //mix即为叠加后的透明度,这里就直接写1.0了
    [(GPUImageDissolveBlendFilter *)filter setMix:1.0f];
    
    // 播放
    NSURL *sampleURL  = vedioPath;
    AVAsset *asset = [AVAsset assetWithURL:sampleURL];
    movieFile = [[GPUImageMovie alloc] initWithAsset:asset];
    movieFile.runBenchmark = YES;
    movieFile.playAtActualSpeed = NO;
    
    AVAssetTrack *videoAssetTrack = [[asset tracksWithMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo] objectAtIndex:0];
    UIImageOrientation videoAssetOrientation_  = UIImageOrientationUp;
    //拍摄的时候视频是否是竖屏拍的
    BOOL isVideoAssetvertical  = NO;
    CGAffineTransform videoTransform = videoAssetTrack.preferredTransform;
    if (videoTransform.a == 0 && videoTransform.b == 1.0 && videoTransform.c == -1.0 && videoTransform.d == 0) {
        isVideoAssetvertical = YES;
        videoAssetOrientation_ =  UIImageOrientationUp;//正着拍
    }
    if (videoTransform.a == 0 && videoTransform.b == -1.0 && videoTransform.c == 1.0 && videoTransform.d == 0) {
        //        videoAssetOrientation_ =  UIImageOrientationLeft;
        isVideoAssetvertical = YES;
        videoAssetOrientation_ = UIImageOrientationDown;//倒着拍
    }
    if (videoTransform.a == 1.0 && videoTransform.b == 0 && videoTransform.c == 0 && videoTransform.d == 1.0) {
        isVideoAssetvertical = NO;
        videoAssetOrientation_ =  UIImageOrientationLeft;//左边拍的
    }
    if (videoTransform.a == -1.0 && videoTransform.b == 0 && videoTransform.c == 0 && videoTransform.d == -1.0) {
        isVideoAssetvertical = NO;
        videoAssetOrientation_ = UIImageOrientationRight;//右边拍
    }
    
    GPUImageView *filterView = [[GPUImageView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, asset.naturalSize.width, asset.naturalSize.height)];
    [filterView setTransform:CGAffineTransformMakeRotation(M_PI_2)];
    UIView *view = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, asset.naturalSize.width, asset.naturalSize.height)];
    [view setBackgroundColor:[UIColor clearColor]];
    
    GPUImageUIElement *uielement = [[GPUImageUIElement alloc] initWithView:view];
    
    NSString *pathToMovie = [NSHomeDirectory() stringByAppendingPathComponent:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"Documents/%@.mp4",fileName]];
    unlink([pathToMovie UTF8String]);
    NSURL *movieURL = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:pathToMovie];
    
    movieWriter = [[GPUImageMovieWriter alloc] initWithMovieURL:movieURL size:CGSizeMake(asset.naturalSize.width, asset.naturalSize.height)];
    
    GPUImageFilter* progressFilter = [[GPUImageFilter alloc] init];
    [movieFile addTarget:progressFilter];
    [progressFilter addTarget:filter];
    [uielement addTarget:filter];
    movieWriter.shouldPassthroughAudio = YES;
    if ([[asset tracksWithMediaType:AVMediaTypeAudio] count] > 0){
        movieFile.audioEncodingTarget = movieWriter;
    } else {//no audio
        movieFile.audioEncodingTarget = nil;
    }
    
    [movieFile enableSynchronizedEncodingUsingMovieWriter:movieWriter];
    // 显示到界面
    [filter addTarget:filterView];
    [filter addTarget:movieWriter];
    
    [movieWriter startRecording];
    [movieFile startProcessing];
    
    __weak typeof(self) weakSelf = self;
    
    [progressFilter setFrameProcessingCompletionBlock:^(GPUImageOutput *output, CMTime time) {
        [uielement update];
    }];
    
    [movieWriter setCompletionBlock:^{
        __strong typeof(self) strongSelf = weakSelf;
        [strongSelf->filter removeTarget:strongSelf->movieWriter];
        [strongSelf->movieWriter finishRecording];
        if (strongSelf.completionHandler) {
            strongSelf.completionHandler(movieURL,nil,isVideoAssetvertical);
        }
    }];
}

/**
 裁剪视频
 @param videoPath 视频的路径
 @param startTime 截取视频开始时间
 @param endTime 截取视频结束时间，如果为0则为整个视频
 @param videoSize 视频截取的大小，如果为0则不裁剪视频大小
 @param videoDealPoint Point(x,y):传zero则为裁剪从0,0开始
 @param fileName 文件名字
 @param shouldScale 是否拉伸，false的话不拉伸，裁剪黑背景
 */
- (void)saveVideoPath:(NSURL*)videoPath withStartTime:(float)startTime withEndTime:(float)endTime withSize:(CGSize)videoSize withVideoDealPoint:(CGPoint)videoDealPoint WithFileName:(NSString*)fileName shouldScale:(BOOL)shouldScale
{
    if (!videoPath) {
        [SVProgressHUD dismiss];
        return;
    }
    [SVProgressHUD showWithStatus:@"裁剪视频到系统相册"];
    //1 创建AVAsset实例 AVAsset包含了video的所有信息 self.videoUrl输入视频的路径
    
    //封面图片
    NSDictionary *opts = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObject:@(YES) forKey:AVURLAssetPreferPreciseDurationAndTimingKey];
    videoAsset = [AVURLAsset URLAssetWithURL:videoPath options:opts];     //初始化视频媒体文件
    bool isWXVideo = false;
    for (int i=0; i<videoAsset.metadata.count; i++) {
        AVMetadataItem * item = [videoAsset.metadata objectAtIndex:i];
        NSLog(@"======metadata:%@,%@,%@,%@",item.identifier,item.extraAttributes,item.value,item.dataType);
        NSDictionary *dic = [self StrToArrayOrNSDictionary:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@",item.value]];
        if ([[dic.allKeys objectAtIndex:0] isEqualToString: @"WXVer"]) {
            isWXVideo = true;
            [self saveVedioPath:videoPath WithFileName:@"wxVideo" andCallBack:^(NSURL *assetURL, NSError *error,BOOL isVideoAssetvertical) {
                dispatch_after(dispatch_time(DISPATCH_TIME_NOW, (int64_t)(0 * NSEC_PER_SEC)), dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
                    NSString *newVideoPath = [NSHomeDirectory() stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"Documents/wxVideo.mp4"];
                    [self goSaveVideoPath:[NSURL fileURLWithPath:newVideoPath] withStartTime:startTime withEndTime:endTime withSize:videoSize withVideoDealPoint:videoDealPoint WithFileName:fileName shouldScale:shouldScale isWxVideoAssetvertical:isVideoAssetvertical];
                });
            }];
            break;
        }
    }
    if ([[videoAsset tracksWithMediaType:AVMediaTypeAudio] count] == 0){
        [self saveVedioPath:videoPath WithFileName:@"wxVideo" andCallBack:^(NSURL *assetURL, NSError *error,BOOL isVideoAssetvertical) {
            dispatch_after(dispatch_time(DISPATCH_TIME_NOW, (int64_t)(0 * NSEC_PER_SEC)), dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
                NSString *newVideoPath = [NSHomeDirectory() stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"Documents/wxVideo.mp4"];
                [self goSaveVideoPath:[NSURL fileURLWithPath:newVideoPath] withStartTime:startTime withEndTime:endTime withSize:videoSize withVideoDealPoint:videoDealPoint WithFileName:fileName shouldScale:shouldScale isWxVideoAssetvertical:isVideoAssetvertical];
            });
        }];
        return;
    }
    if (!isWXVideo) {
        [self goSaveVideoPath:videoPath withStartTime:startTime withEndTime:endTime withSize:videoSize withVideoDealPoint:videoDealPoint WithFileName:fileName shouldScale:shouldScale isWxVideoAssetvertical:NO];
    }
}

//Assetvertical gpuimage会把微信的竖屏渲染成横屏，横屏还是横屏
- (void)goSaveVideoPath:(NSURL*)videoPath withStartTime:(float)startTime withEndTime:(float)endTime withSize:(CGSize)videoSize withVideoDealPoint:(CGPoint)videoDealPoint WithFileName:(NSString*)fileName shouldScale:(BOOL)shouldScale isWxVideoAssetvertical:(BOOL)Assetvertical{
    if (!videoPath) {
        [SVProgressHUD dismiss];
        return;
    }
    //1 创建AVAsset实例 AVAsset包含了video的所有信息 self.videoUrl输入视频的路径
    
    //封面图片
    NSDictionary *opts = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObject:@(YES) forKey:AVURLAssetPreferPreciseDurationAndTimingKey];
    //    NSDictionary *opts = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:@(YES),AVURLAssetPreferPreciseDurationAndTimingKey,AVAssetReferenceRestrictionForbidNone,AVURLAssetReferenceRestrictionsKey, nil];
    videoAsset = [AVURLAsset URLAssetWithURL:videoPath options:opts];     //初始化视频媒体文件
    
    //开始时间
    CMTime startCropTime = CMTimeMakeWithSeconds(startTime, 600);
    //结束时间
    CMTime endCropTime = CMTimeMakeWithSeconds(endTime, 600);
    if (endTime == 0) {
        endCropTime = CMTimeMakeWithSeconds(videoAsset.duration.value/videoAsset.duration.timescale-startTime, videoAsset.duration.timescale);
    }
    
    //2 创建AVMutableComposition实例. apple developer 里边的解释 【AVMutableComposition is a mutable subclass of AVComposition you use when you want to create a new composition from existing assets. You can add and remove tracks, and you can add, remove, and scale time ranges.】
    AVMutableComposition *mixComposition = [AVMutableComposition composition];
    
    //有声音
    if ([[videoAsset tracksWithMediaType:AVMediaTypeAudio] count] > 0){
        //声音采集
        AVURLAsset * audioAsset = [[AVURLAsset alloc] initWithURL:videoPath options:opts];
        //音频通道
        AVMutableCompositionTrack * audioTrack = [mixComposition addMutableTrackWithMediaType:AVMediaTypeAudio preferredTrackID:kCMPersistentTrackID_Invalid];
        //音频采集通道
        AVAssetTrack * audioAssetTrack = [[audioAsset tracksWithMediaType:AVMediaTypeAudio] lastObject];
        [audioTrack insertTimeRange:CMTimeRangeMake(startCropTime, endCropTime) ofTrack:audioAssetTrack atTime:kCMTimeZero error:nil];
    }
    
    //3 视频通道  工程文件中的轨道，有音频轨、视频轨等，里面可以插入各种对应的素材
    AVMutableCompositionTrack *videoTrack = [mixComposition addMutableTrackWithMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo
                                                                        preferredTrackID:kCMPersistentTrackID_Invalid];
    NSError *error;
    //把视频轨道数据加入到可变轨道中 这部分可以做视频裁剪TimeRange
    [videoTrack insertTimeRange:CMTimeRangeMake(startCropTime, endCropTime)
                        ofTrack:[[videoAsset tracksWithMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo] lastObject]
                         atTime:kCMTimeZero error:&error];
    
    
    //3.1 AVMutableVideoCompositionInstruction 视频轨道中的一个视频，可以缩放、旋转等
    AVMutableVideoCompositionInstruction *mainInstruction = [AVMutableVideoCompositionInstruction videoCompositionInstruction];
    mainInstruction.timeRange = CMTimeRangeMake(kCMTimeZero, videoTrack.timeRange.duration);
    
    // 3.2 AVMutableVideoCompositionLayerInstruction 一个视频轨道，包含了这个轨道上的所有视频素材
    AVMutableVideoCompositionLayerInstruction *videolayerInstruction = [AVMutableVideoCompositionLayerInstruction videoCompositionLayerInstructionWithAssetTrack:videoTrack];
    
    AVAssetTrack *videoAssetTrack = [[videoAsset tracksWithMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo] lastObject];
    UIImageOrientation videoAssetOrientation_  = UIImageOrientationUp;
    //拍摄的时候视频是否是竖屏拍的
    BOOL isVideoAssetvertical  = NO;
    CGAffineTransform videoTransform = videoAssetTrack.preferredTransform;
    if (videoTransform.a == 0 && videoTransform.b == 1.0 && videoTransform.c == -1.0 && videoTransform.d == 0) {
        isVideoAssetvertical = YES;
        videoAssetOrientation_ =  UIImageOrientationUp;//正着拍
    }
    if (videoTransform.a == 0 && videoTransform.b == -1.0 && videoTransform.c == 1.0 && videoTransform.d == 0) {
        //        videoAssetOrientation_ =  UIImageOrientationLeft;
        isVideoAssetvertical = YES;
        videoAssetOrientation_ = UIImageOrientationDown;//倒着拍
    }
    if (videoTransform.a == 1.0 && videoTransform.b == 0 && videoTransform.c == 0 && videoTransform.d == 1.0) {
        isVideoAssetvertical = NO;
        videoAssetOrientation_ =  UIImageOrientationLeft;//左边拍的
    }
    if (videoTransform.a == -1.0 && videoTransform.b == 0 && videoTransform.c == 0 && videoTransform.d == -1.0) {
        isVideoAssetvertical = NO;
        videoAssetOrientation_ = UIImageOrientationRight;//右边拍
    }
    
    float scaleX = 1.0,scaleY = 1.0,scale = 1.0;
    CGSize originVideoSize;
    if (isVideoAssetvertical || Assetvertical) {
        originVideoSize = CGSizeMake([[[videoAsset tracksWithMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo] objectAtIndex:0] naturalSize].height, [[[videoAsset tracksWithMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo] objectAtIndex:0] naturalSize].width);
    }
    else{
        originVideoSize = CGSizeMake([[[videoAsset tracksWithMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo] objectAtIndex:0] naturalSize].width, [[[videoAsset tracksWithMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo] objectAtIndex:0] naturalSize].height);
    }
    float x = videoDealPoint.x;
    float y = videoDealPoint.y;
    if (shouldScale) {
        scaleX = videoSize.width/originVideoSize.width;
        scaleY = videoSize.height/originVideoSize.height;
        scale  = MAX(scaleX, scaleY);
        if (scaleX>scaleY) {
            NSLog(@"竖屏");
        }
        else{
            NSLog(@"横屏");
        }
    }
    else{
        scaleX = 1.0;
        scaleY = 1.0;
        scale = 1.0;
    }
    if (Assetvertical) {
        CGAffineTransform trans = CGAffineTransformMake(videoAssetTrack.preferredTransform.a*scale, videoAssetTrack.preferredTransform.b*scale, videoAssetTrack.preferredTransform.c*scale, videoAssetTrack.preferredTransform.d*scale, videoAssetTrack.preferredTransform.tx*scale-x+720, videoAssetTrack.preferredTransform.ty*scale-y);
        
        //    [videolayerInstruction setTransform:trans atTime:kCMTimeZero];
        CGAffineTransform trans2 = CGAffineTransformRotate(trans, M_PI_2);
        [videolayerInstruction setTransform:trans2 atTime:kCMTimeZero];
    }
    else{
        CGAffineTransform trans = CGAffineTransformMake(videoAssetTrack.preferredTransform.a*scale, videoAssetTrack.preferredTransform.b*scale, videoAssetTrack.preferredTransform.c*scale, videoAssetTrack.preferredTransform.d*scale, videoAssetTrack.preferredTransform.tx*scale-x, videoAssetTrack.preferredTransform.ty*scale-y);
        
        [videolayerInstruction setTransform:trans atTime:kCMTimeZero];
    }
    //裁剪区域
    //    [videolayerInstruction setCropRectangle:CGRectMake(0, 0, 720, 720) atTime:kCMTimeZero];
    // 3.3 - Add instructions
    mainInstruction.layerInstructions = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:videolayerInstruction,nil];
    //AVMutableVideoComposition：管理所有视频轨道，可以决定最终视频的尺寸，裁剪需要在这里进行
    AVMutableVideoComposition *mainCompositionInst = [AVMutableVideoComposition videoComposition];
    
    CGSize naturalSize;
    //    if(isVideoAssetvertical){
    //        naturalSize = CGSizeMake(videoAssetTrack.naturalSize.height, videoAssetTrack.naturalSize.width);
    //    } else {
    //        naturalSize = videoAssetTrack.naturalSize;
    //    }
    naturalSize = originVideoSize;
    int64_t renderWidth = 0, renderHeight = 0;
    if (videoSize.height ==0.0 || videoSize.width == 0.0) {
        renderWidth = naturalSize.width;
        renderHeight = naturalSize.height;
    }
    else{
        renderWidth = ceil(videoSize.width);
        renderHeight = ceil(videoSize.height);
    }
    
    mainCompositionInst.renderSize = CGSizeMake(renderWidth, renderHeight);
    mainCompositionInst.instructions = [NSArray arrayWithObject:mainInstruction];
    mainCompositionInst.frameDuration = CMTimeMake(1, 30);
    
    // 4 - 输出路径
    NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);
    NSString *documentsDirectory = [paths objectAtIndex:0];
    
    NSString *myPathDocs =  [documentsDirectory stringByAppendingPathComponent:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@.mp4",fileName]];
    unlink([myPathDocs UTF8String]);
    NSURL* videoUrl = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:myPathDocs];
    
    //    dlink = [CADisplayLink displayLinkWithTarget:self selector:@selector(updateProgress)];
    //    [dlink setFrameInterval:15];
    //    [dlink addToRunLoop:[NSRunLoop currentRunLoop] forMode:NSDefaultRunLoopMode];
    //    [dlink setPaused:NO];
    // 5 - 视频文件输出
    
    exporter = [[AVAssetExportSession alloc] initWithAsset:mixComposition
                                                presetName:AVAssetExportPresetHighestQuality];
    exporter.outputURL=videoUrl;
    exporter.outputFileType = AVFileTypeMPEG4;
    exporter.shouldOptimizeForNetworkUse = YES;
    exporter.videoComposition = mainCompositionInst;
    [exporter exportAsynchronouslyWithCompletionHandler:^{
        dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
            //这里是输出视频之后的操作，做你想做的
            [self cropExportDidFinish:exporter];
        });
    }];
}


- (void)cropExportDidFinish:(AVAssetExportSession*)session {
    if (session.status == AVAssetExportSessionStatusCompleted) {
        NSURL *outputURL = session.outputURL;
        dispatch_after(dispatch_time(DISPATCH_TIME_NOW, (int64_t)(0.2 * NSEC_PER_SEC)), dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
            [SVProgressHUD dismiss];
            __block PHObjectPlaceholder *placeholder;
            if (UIVideoAtPathIsCompatibleWithSavedPhotosAlbum(outputURL.path)) {
                NSError *error;
                [[PHPhotoLibrary sharedPhotoLibrary] performChangesAndWait:^{
                    PHAssetChangeRequest* createAssetRequest = [PHAssetChangeRequest creationRequestForAssetFromVideoAtFileURL:outputURL];
                    placeholder = [createAssetRequest placeholderForCreatedAsset];
                } error:&error];
                if (error) {
                    [SVProgressHUD showErrorWithStatus:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@",error]];
                }
                else{
                    [SVProgressHUD showSuccessWithStatus:@"视频已经保存到相册"];
                }
            }else {
                [SVProgressHUD showErrorWithStatus:NSLocalizedString(@"视频保存相册失败，请设置软件读取相册权限", nil)];
            }
        });
    }
    else{
        NSLog(@"%@",session.error);
        [SVProgressHUD showErrorWithStatus:NSLocalizedString(@"裁剪失败", nil)];
    }
}

// 将JSONDATA转化为字典或者数组
- (id)DataToArrayOrNSDictionary:(NSData *)jsonData{
    NSError *error = nil;
    id jsonObject = [NSJSONSerialization JSONObjectWithData:jsonData options:NSJSONReadingAllowFragments error:&error];
    if (jsonObject != nil && error == nil){
        return jsonObject;
    }else{
        // 解析错误
        return nil;
    }
}

// 将JSON串转化为字典或者数组
- (id)StrToArrayOrNSDictionary:(NSString *)jsonStr {
    NSData *jsonData = [jsonStr dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
    return [self DataToArrayOrNSDictionary:jsonData];
}

调用的时候，直接使用

-(void)cropImage{
    NSURL *videoPath = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:[[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"selfS" ofType:@"MOV"]];
    [self saveVideoPath:videoPath withStartTime:0.1 withEndTime:0 withSize:CGSizeMake(300, 300) withVideoDealPoint:CGPointMake(50, 50) WithFileName:@"cropVideo" shouldScale:YES];
}

其实对于一般的视频裁剪，只需要使用下面这个函数即可

- (void)goSaveVideoPath:(NSURL*)videoPath withStartTime:(float)startTime withEndTime:(float)endTime withSize:(CGSize)videoSize withVideoDealPoint:(CGPoint)videoDealPoint WithFileName:(NSString*)fileName shouldScale:(BOOL)shouldScale isWxVideoAssetvertical:(BOOL)Assetvertical

1.1、微信的处理

但是在实际使用过程中发现，单独使用这个函数中的AVFoundation处理裁剪视频的时候，对微信的支持并不好，如果使用微信自带的相机拍摄那个十秒视频虽然可以裁剪成功，但是是蓝屏的，只有声音没有画面，在打印的metadata信息中对比发现

WX拍摄

2017-05-11 19:35:58.529751+0800 JianLiXiu[9592:2774766] ======metadata:uiso/dscp,{
    dataType = 2;
    dataTypeNamespace = "com.apple.quicktime.udta";
},{"WXVer":369428256},com.apple.metadata.datatype.UTF-8
2017-05-11 19:35:58.531034+0800 JianLiXiu[9592:2774766] ======commonMetadata:uiso/dscp,{
    dataType = 2;
    dataTypeNamespace = "com.apple.quicktime.udta";
},{"WXVer":369428256},com.apple.metadata.datatype.UTF-8


WX下载

======metadata:uiso/dscp,{
    dataType = 2;
    dataTypeNamespace = "com.apple.quicktime.udta";
},{"WXVer":369428256},com.apple.metadata.datatype.UTF-8
 ======commonMetadata:uiso/dscp,{
    dataType = 2;
    dataTypeNamespace = "com.apple.quicktime.udta";
},{"WXVer":369428256},com.apple.metadata.datatype.UTF-8

自带拍摄

2017-05-11 19:35:09.708010+0800 JianLiXiu[9592:2774253] ======metadata:uiso/loci,{
    dataType = 2;
    dataTypeNamespace = "com.apple.quicktime.udta";
},+31.1711+121.3836+045.636/,com.apple.metadata.datatype.UTF-8
2017-05-11 19:35:09.710245+0800 JianLiXiu[9592:2774253] ======metadata:uiso/date,{
    dataType = 0;
    dataTypeNamespace = "com.apple.quicktime.udta";
},2017-05-11T17:40:41+0800,com.apple.metadata.datatype.raw-data
2017-05-11 19:35:09.712193+0800 JianLiXiu[9592:2774253] ======commonMetadata:uiso/date,{
    dataType = 0;
    dataTypeNamespace = "com.apple.quicktime.udta";
},2017-05-11T17:40:41+0800,com.apple.metadata.datatype.raw-data
2017-05-11 19:35:09.712746+0800 JianLiXiu[9592:2774253] ======commonMetadata:uiso/loci,{
    dataType = 2;
    dataTypeNamespace = "com.apple.quicktime.udta";
},+31.1711+121.3836+045.636/,com.apple.metadata.datatype.UTF-8

所以通过视频的metadata信息来判断是不是微信的视频，通过metadata是否含有{"WXVer":369428256}这个来判断是不是微信处理过的视频，如果是微信的视频先使用GPUImage重新渲染编码一次然后再处理。

代码中的

CGAffineTransform videoTransform = videoAssetTrack.preferredTransform;

是代表的视频的拍摄方向，在正常拍摄的时候打印如下

自带竖 0,1,-1,0
自带横 1,0,0,1

qq竖 1,0,0,1
qq横 0,-1,1,0

微信竖 0,1,-1,0
微信横 1,0,0,1

但微信的视频在GPUImage重新录制之后，拍摄方向变成了

微信竖 1,0,0,1
微信横 1,0,0,1 

也就是说不管横竖，全部变成了一样的，这样就导致横屏拍摄的时候裁剪正常，竖屏拍摄的时候，裁剪之后出来的视频时错误的，所以要先判断原视频是什么方向，之后在裁剪处理的时候去处理。

1.2、裁剪位置的选择

int64_t renderWidth = 0, renderHeight = 0;

是要渲染输出的视频大小是多少，所以如果想设置指定大小，那就在这个设置，输出的大小就可以了，但是这个裁剪是默认从(0,0)开始的，如果是从中间开始的就需要设置videolayerInstruction 这个的移动了。

videolayerInstruction是这个视频轨的动画等移动效果，视频的移动，翻转，缩小等都在这个上面进行操作。通过设置CGAffineTransform来达到裁剪位置

x会跟着c的值进行拉伸(View的宽度是跟着改变)，y会跟着b的值进行拉伸（View的高度跟着改变），要注意到的是c和b的值改变不会影响到View的point（center中心点）的改变。这是个很有意思的两个参数。

x会跟着t.x进行x做表平移，y会跟着t.y进行平移。这里的point（center）是跟着变换的。

下面是Apple整合的transform

平移 ：

①根据本身的transform进行平移 CGAffineTransformMakeTranslation(CGFloat tx,CGFloat ty)

②根据本身的transform后者另外的transform进行平移CGAffineTransformTranslate(CGAffineTransform t,CGFloat tx,CGFloat ty)

缩放 ：

①根据本身的transform进行缩放

CGAffineTransformMakeScale(CGFloat sx,CGFloat sy)

②根据本身的transform后者另外的transform进行缩放

CGAffineTransformScale(CGAffineTransform t,CGFloat sx,CGFloat sy)

旋转 ：

① 根据本身的transform进行旋转

CGAffineTransformMakeRotation(CGFloat angle) （angle 旋转的角度）

②根据本身的transform后者另外的transform进行旋转

CGAffineTransformRotate(CGAffineTransform t,CGFloat angle)

具体可以参考《iOS 仿射变换CGAffineTransform详解》

所以结合渲染的大小和要移动的效果，就可以知道是从哪个点开始裁剪，裁剪多大的视频了。

1.3、裁剪时间的选择

裁剪时间主要是在视频轨和音轨编辑的时候，设置插入的时长，从而控制裁剪时间。

//把视频轨道数据加入到可变轨道中 这部分可以做视频裁剪TimeRange
    [videoTrack insertTimeRange:CMTimeRangeMake(startCropTime, endCropTime)
                        ofTrack:[[videoAsset tracksWithMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo] lastObject]
                         atTime:kCMTimeZero error:&error];

1.4、对没有声音视频的处理，比如延时视频

上篇说了如果没有声音的视频在处理的时候会错误，所以在裁剪的时候也要注意是否含有声音，如果没有声音就不要添加音轨了

 //有声音
    if ([[videoAsset tracksWithMediaType:AVMediaTypeAudio] count] > 0){
        //声音采集
        AVURLAsset * audioAsset = [[AVURLAsset alloc] initWithURL:videoPath options:opts];
        //音频通道
        AVMutableCompositionTrack * audioTrack = [mixComposition addMutableTrackWithMediaType:AVMediaTypeAudio preferredTrackID:kCMPersistentTrackID_Invalid];
        //音频采集通道
        AVAssetTrack * audioAssetTrack = [[audioAsset tracksWithMediaType:AVMediaTypeAudio] lastObject];
        [audioTrack insertTimeRange:CMTimeRangeMake(startCropTime, endCropTime) ofTrack:audioAssetTrack atTime:kCMTimeZero error:nil];
    }

1.5、原视频大小的处理

如果不裁剪视频的大小，只是默认大小裁剪时间的时候，发现获取的naturalSize在竖屏的时候是错误的，比如一个视频720*1280，结果获得的naturalSize是1280*720，横竖刚好相反，所以需要对竖屏的大小进行处理一下，这样就是正确的了

 if (isVideoAssetvertical || Assetvertical) {
        originVideoSize = CGSizeMake([[[videoAsset tracksWithMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo] objectAtIndex:0] naturalSize].height, [[[videoAsset tracksWithMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo] objectAtIndex:0] naturalSize].width);
    }
    else{
        originVideoSize = CGSizeMake([[[videoAsset tracksWithMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo] objectAtIndex:0] naturalSize].width, [[[videoAsset tracksWithMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo] objectAtIndex:0] naturalSize].height);
    }

二、视频拼接、音视频的处理

视频的拼接和音视频的拼接是一样的，都是处理视频轨和音轨的开始时间，如果第二个视频的开始时间是第一个视频的结束时间，那么就是两段视频的拼接，如果开始时间相同，那么就是两个视频在混合了。

下面给出一个两个视频拼接，再加上一个背景音乐的例子。

-(void)addFirstVideo:(NSURL*)firstVideoPath andSecondVideo:(NSURL*)secondVideo withMusic:(NSURL*)musicPath{
    
    [SVProgressHUD showWithStatus:@"正在合成到系统相册中"];
    AVAsset *firstAsset = [AVAsset assetWithURL:firstVideoPath];
    AVAsset *secondAsset = [AVAsset assetWithURL:secondVideo];
    AVAsset *musciAsset = [AVAsset assetWithURL:musicPath];
    
    // 1 - Create AVMutableComposition object. This object will hold your AVMutableCompositionTrack instances.
    AVMutableComposition *mixComposition = [[AVMutableComposition alloc] init];
    // 2 - Video track
    AVMutableCompositionTrack *firstTrack = [mixComposition addMutableTrackWithMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo
                                                                        preferredTrackID:kCMPersistentTrackID_Invalid];
    [firstTrack insertTimeRange:CMTimeRangeMake(kCMTimeZero, firstAsset.duration)
                        ofTrack:[[firstAsset tracksWithMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo] objectAtIndex:0] atTime:kCMTimeZero error:nil];
    [firstTrack insertTimeRange:CMTimeRangeMake(kCMTimeZero, secondAsset.duration)
                        ofTrack:[[secondAsset tracksWithMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo] objectAtIndex:0] atTime:firstAsset.duration error:nil];
    
    if (musciAsset!=nil){
        AVMutableCompositionTrack *AudioTrack = [mixComposition addMutableTrackWithMediaType:AVMediaTypeAudio
                                                                                preferredTrackID:kCMPersistentTrackID_Invalid];
        [AudioTrack insertTimeRange:CMTimeRangeMake(kCMTimeZero, CMTimeAdd(firstAsset.duration, secondAsset.duration))
                                ofTrack:[[musciAsset tracksWithMediaType:AVMediaTypeAudio] objectAtIndex:0] atTime:kCMTimeZero error:nil];
    }
    
    
    // 4 - Get path
    NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);
    NSString *documentsDirectory = [paths objectAtIndex:0];
    NSString *myPathDocs =  [documentsDirectory stringByAppendingPathComponent:
                             [NSString stringWithFormat:@"mergeVideo-%d.mov",arc4random() % 1000]];
    NSURL *url = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:myPathDocs];
    // 5 - Create exporter
    exporter = [[AVAssetExportSession alloc] initWithAsset:mixComposition
                                                                      presetName:AVAssetExportPresetHighestQuality];
    exporter.outputURL=url;
    exporter.outputFileType = AVFileTypeQuickTimeMovie;
    exporter.shouldOptimizeForNetworkUse = YES;
    [exporter exportAsynchronouslyWithCompletionHandler:^{
        dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
            [self exportDidFinish:exporter];
        });
    }];
}

- (void)exportDidFinish:(AVAssetExportSession*)session {
    if (session.status == AVAssetExportSessionStatusCompleted) {
        NSURL *outputURL = session.outputURL;
        dispatch_after(dispatch_time(DISPATCH_TIME_NOW, (int64_t)(0.2 * NSEC_PER_SEC)), dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
            [SVProgressHUD dismiss];
            __block PHObjectPlaceholder *placeholder;
            if (UIVideoAtPathIsCompatibleWithSavedPhotosAlbum(outputURL.path)) {
                NSError *error;
                [[PHPhotoLibrary sharedPhotoLibrary] performChangesAndWait:^{
                    PHAssetChangeRequest* createAssetRequest = [PHAssetChangeRequest creationRequestForAssetFromVideoAtFileURL:outputURL];
                    placeholder = [createAssetRequest placeholderForCreatedAsset];
                } error:&error];
                if (error) {
                    [SVProgressHUD showErrorWithStatus:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@",error]];
                }
                else{
                    [SVProgressHUD showSuccessWithStatus:@"视频已经保存到相册"];
                }
            }else {
                [SVProgressHUD showErrorWithStatus:NSLocalizedString(@"视频保存相册失败，请设置软件读取相册权限", nil)];
            }
        });
    }
}

调用的时候

-(void)addMusic{
    NSURL *videoPath1 = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:[[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"selfS" ofType:@"MOV"]];
    NSURL *videoPath2 = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:[[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"selfH" ofType:@"MOV"]];
    NSURL *music = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:[[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"music" ofType:@"mp3"]];
    [self addFirstVideo:videoPath1 andSecondVideo:videoPath2 withMusic:music];
}

这样就是videopath1和videopath2拼接，然后加上一个背景音乐music，之后生成一个视频保存到相册。

(2017-08-14)2.1、音频音量的调节

最近需要把背景音乐的音量调小，当然背景音乐文件音量调小即可，但是毕竟每个文件处理都不太方便，所以还是用代码把指定音轨的音量减小，这里只减小背景音乐的音量，不减小其他的音量，所以用到了AVMutableAudioMix这个。

在原工程增加以下代码即可

//修改背景音乐的音量start
    AVMutableAudioMix *videoAudioMixTools = [AVMutableAudioMix audioMix];
    if (musciAsset) {
        //调节音量
        //获取音频轨道
        AVMutableAudioMixInputParameters *firstAudioParam = [AVMutableAudioMixInputParameters audioMixInputParametersWithTrack:AudioTrack];
        //设置音轨音量,可以设置渐变,设置为1.0就是全音量
        [firstAudioParam setVolumeRampFromStartVolume:1.0 toEndVolume:1.0 timeRange:CMTimeRangeMake(kCMTimeZero, CMTimeAdd(firstAsset.duration, secondAsset.duration))];
        [firstAudioParam setTrackID:AudioTrack.trackID];
        videoAudioMixTools.inputParameters = [NSArray arrayWithObject:firstAudioParam];
    }
    //end    
exporter.audioMix = videoAudioMixTools;

三、demo下载

github下载：https://github.com/DamonHu/VideoEditDemo

gitosc下载：http://git.oschina.net/DamonHoo/VideoEditDemo

四、demo演示

五、总结

本篇已完结，在视频的处理上面主要就是对视频轨、音频轨的活用，当然以后还有字幕轨等，但是原理都是一样的，参看里面的源码即可看到所有轨道的编辑。GPUImage是一个很好的补充，在渲染方面很好用，可以结合一下采用最适合项目的方案。

在项目中碰到了很多问题，在demo中尽量避免了这类问题，如果你也碰到了，可以看看谷歌，我下面的参考文章也是碰到问题时看到的有价值的文章，希望对你有用。

六、参考文章

讲解篇

• iOS 视频旋转及平移详解
• iOS 仿射变换CGAffineTransform详解
• iOS视频功能模块的开发
• iOS之AVFoundation视频转码
• AVFoundation之AVAsset
• iOS视频录制、压缩导出、取帧
• IOS视频添加背景音乐同时保留原音
• iOS图片渲染
• 《视频直播技术详解》系列之一：视频采集和处理
• 【如何快速的开发一个完整的iOS直播app】(原理篇)
• iOS视频编辑学习笔记（1）-AVAsset、AVMutableComposition系列类的理解及视频裁
• iOS 音视频高级编程：AVAsset、CoreVideo、VideoToolbox、FFmpeg与CMTime
• iOS获取本地视频和网络URL视频的缩略图方法
• Video Manipulation in iOS : Resizing,Merging and Overlapping Videos in iOS
• AVFoundation和 GPUImage初探
• iOS-----AVFoundation框架的功能详解
• AVComposition中的CALayer
• AVFoundation(二)：核心AVAsset
• iOS AVFoundation 视频暂停 多视频合成 流程
• 分段录制的实现
• 一、音视频配置文档概念

BUG篇

• naturalSize returning wrong orientation from AVURLAsset
• AVMutableVideoComposition rotated video captured in portrait modeAsk
• Error Domain=AVFoundationErrorDomain Code=-11800 "这项操作无法完成"
• ios视频、图片翻转问题
• AVPlayer Video Gravity Positioning?
• Fix GPUImageMovieWriter isPaused
• Crash when app goes in background.
• Added pause/resume methods to the GPUImageMovieWriter
• [GPUImageMovieWriter 无法2次录像 报错：[AVAssetWriter startWriting] Cannot call method when status is 3](http://www.jianshu.com/p/bd204b34a85d)
• Issue when saving videos
• AVAssetWriter fails when calling finishWritingWithCompletionHandler
• SimpleVideoFileFilter sample crash in GPUImageMovieWriter's finishRecordingWithCompletionHandler
• GPUImageMovieWriter - crashing with “Cannot call method when status is 2”
• AVAssetWriter finishWritingWithCompletionHandler函数没有正常执行的原因
• https://github.com/BradLarson/GPUImage/issues/1203
• GPUImageMovieWriter原生BUG(1)时间戳问题

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