test 命令和可以代替它的方括号

普通的test可以用[]来代替，

compound test可以用[[]]代替。

如果是compound test就可以理解为metacharecter matching的支持，此时如果要精确的比较，就要加上双引号。

 

很奇怪的是，在fedora12上，

$name = zhangqing
$[ $name = [zZ]hangqing ]
$echo $?                                0
$[ $name=[zZ]hangqing ]
$echo $?                                1

实验是证明一定要用空格隔开

 

经过确认：

Table 14.3. The test Command Operators

Test Operator	Tests True If
String Test
[ string1 = string2 ] [ string1==string2 ]	String1 is equal to String2 (space surrounding = required). (Can be used instead of the single = sign on bash versions 2.x.)
[ string1 != string2 ]	String1 is not equal to String2 (space surrounding != required).
[ string ]	String is not null.
[ –z string ]	Length of string is zero.
[ –n string ]	Length of string is nonzero.
[ –l string ]	Length of string (number of characters).
	EXAMPLE test –n $word      or     [ –n $word ] test tom = sue      or     [ tom = sue ]
Logical Test
[ string1 –a string1 ]	Both string1 and string2 are true.
[ string1 –o string2 ]	Either string1 or string2 is true.
[ ! string1 ]	Not a string1 match.
Logical Test (Compound Test)[a]
[[ pattern1 && pattern2 ]]	Both pattern1 and pattern2 are true.
[[ pattern1 || pattern2 ]]	Either pattern1 or pattern2 is true.
[[ ! pattern ]]	Not a pattern match.
Integer Test
[ int1 –eq int2 ]	Int1 is equal to int2.
[ int1 –ne int2 ]	Int1 is not equal to int2.
[ int1 –gt int2 ]	Int1 is greater than int2.
[ int1 –ge int2 ]	Int1 is greater than or equal to int2.
[ int1 –lt int2 ]	Int1 is less than int2.
[ int1 –le int2 ]	Int1 is less than or equal to int2.
Binary Operators for File Testing
[ file1 –nt file2 ]	True if file1 is newer than file2 (according to modification date).
[ file1 –ot file2 ]	True if file1 is older than file2.
[ file1 –ef file2 ]	True if file1and file2 have the same device or inode numbers.

 

shopt 用来设置一些shell的属性

 

[[ $name == [Tt]o+(m)y ]]
start with T/t, followed 1 or n m, end with y.

 

 test -n -----not-null