java浅拷贝和深拷贝

这就是java浅拷贝，2个对象的引用地址一样，任意一个对象对字段的修改都会引起另一个对象数据的修改

Professor p = new Professor("wangwu", 50);
		    Professor p2=p;
		    p2.name="zhangmin";
		    System.out.println(p.getName());
		    System.out.println(p2.getName());

上面显然是不合适的，要解决这个问题就需要深拷贝的概念。

深拷贝是真正开辟一个属于自己的内存空间，而不是空间地址的引用。

有笔者以为只要 Professor实现了Cloneable接口，就可以实现深拷贝，是错误的概念，如下：

public class Professor implements Cloneable {
    String name;
    int age;
 
    Professor(String name, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }
    
    @Override
    protected Object clone() throws CloneNotSupportedException {
    	return super.clone();
    }

get  set 略

将

Professor p2=p;

修改为

 Professor p2=(Professor) p.clone();

测试后发现显示的name不一样，但这不是深拷贝。比如如果教授实体里面有一个其他对象Student的引用呢？

public class Student {
	String name;// 常量对象。
	int age;

	Student(String name, int age) {
		this.name = name;
		this.age = age;
	}

Student s1 = new Student("zhangsan", 18);
		    Professor p = new Professor("wangwu", 50,s1);//教授p有学生zhangsan
		    Professor p2=(Professor) p.clone();
		    p2.student.name="zhangmin";
		    
		    System.out.println(p.student.name);
		    System.out.println(p2.student.name);

发现显示姓名相同，对引用对象student并没有实现深拷贝

那么，怎么实现深拷贝呢？

下面使用序列化实现深拷贝

public class Professor implements Serializable {
    String name;
    int age;
    Student student;
 
    Professor(String name, int age) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
    }
    
    Professor(String name, int age,Student student) {
        this.name = name;
        this.age = age;
        this.student=student;
    }
    
    public Object deepClone() throws IOException, OptionalDataException, ClassNotFoundException {
		// 将对象写到流里
		ByteArrayOutputStream bo = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
		ObjectOutputStream oo = new ObjectOutputStream(bo);
		oo.writeObject(this);
		// 从流里读出来
		ByteArrayInputStream bi = new ByteArrayInputStream(bo.toByteArray());
		ObjectInputStream oi = new ObjectInputStream(bi);
		return (oi.readObject());
    }
    
	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	public int getAge() {
		return age;
	}

	public void setAge(int age) {
		this.age = age;
	}
    
}

main()

Student s1 = new Student("zhangsan", 18);
		    Professor p = new Professor("wangwu", 50,s1);//教授p有学生zhangsan
		    Professor p2=(Professor) p.deepClone();
		    p2.student.name="zhangmin";
		    
		    System.out.println(p.student.name);
		    System.out.println(p2.student.name);

发现显示name不一样。彻底实现了深拷贝。

注意，student也需要序列化，否则会出现错误：Exception in thread "main" java.io.NotSerializableException: