一直想动手搞一下单片机(好多年没玩了),用这玩意搭个扫地机器人和小孩一起玩一下,不过工作比较忙(借口),最后还是从树莓派入手,有空了再加上Arduino就全了。
从朋友那里弄来一个树莓派的板,开工!
家里的wifi(TPlink)设备离书房比较远,只好又接了一个小米青春版路由器做中转,笔记本电脑和树莓派都接到小米上(网段为192.168.31.0/24)。启动以后笔记本电脑很容易查看到IP(我的笔记本装的是Linux,设为DHCP客户端),但是树莓派没有屏幕和键盘等IO设备,所以写了个脚本从笔记本的Linux上去探测该树莓派的IP地址。
[xuzh@xuzh-linux ~]$ cat for_ping.sh
#!/bin/bash
for i in {100..254}
do
ping -c1 192.168.31.$i &>/dev/null
if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
echo "192.168.31.$i is up."
else
echo "192.168.31.$i is down" >> down.list
fi
done
[xuzh@xuzh-linux ~]$
[xuzh@xuzh-linux ~]$ less for_ping.sh
[xuzh@xuzh-linux ~]$ ./for_ping.sh
192.168.31.156 is up.
从笔记本电脑SSH至树莓派:
[xuzh@xuzh-linux ~]$ ssh pi@192.168.31.156
pi@192.168.31.156's password:
The programs included with the Debian GNU/Linux system are free software;
the exact distribution terms for each program are described in the
individual files in /usr/share/doc/*/copyright.
Debian GNU/Linux comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY, to the extent
permitted by applicable law.
Last login: Sat Dec 19 03:36:53 2015 from 192.168.31.184
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ ip a
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether b8:27:eb:de:35:62 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.31.156/24 brd 192.168.31.255 scope global eth0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::3e91:402b:7d72:e2fd/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
pi@raspberrypi:~ $
还有一种方式启动是用VNC。
http://shumeipai.nxez.com/2013/09/04/login-rpi-with-vnc.html?variant=zh-cn
我采用的是手动启动,在树莓派上输入下面的命令:
tightvncserver -geometry 800x600 :1
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ tightvncserver -geometry 800x600 :1
New 'X' desktop is raspberrypi:1
Starting applications specified in /home/pi/.vnc/xstartup
Log file is /home/pi/.vnc/raspberrypi:1.log
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ less /home/pi/.vnc/raspberrypi\:1.log
pi@raspberrypi:~ $ ps ax | grep Xtightvnc
900 pts/0 S 0:00 Xtightvnc :1 -desktop X -auth /home/pi/.Xauthority -geometry 800x600 -depth 24 -rfbwait 120000 -rfbauth /home/pi/.vnc/passwd -rfbport 5901 -fp /usr/share/fonts/X11/misc/,/usr/share/fonts/X11/Type1/,/usr/share/fonts/X11/75dpi/,/usr/share/fonts/X11/100dpi/ -co /etc/X11/rgb
1072 pts/0 S+ 0:00 grep --color=auto Xtightvnc
打开笔记本电脑的VNC viewer(设置的密码123456):
至此大功告成!!!
树莓派使用的linux是debian系统,所以树莓派启用root和debian是相同的。
debian里root账户默认没有密码,但账户锁定。
当需要root权限时,由默认账户经由sudo执行,Raspberry pi 系统中的Raspbian
默认用户是pi 密码为raspberry
重新开启root账号,可由pi用户登录后,在命令行下执行
sudo passwd root
执行此命令后系统会提示输入两遍的root密码,输入你想设的密码即可,然后在执行
sudo passwd --unlock root
这样就可以解锁root账户了。