linux进程间通信（posix信号灯+posix共享内存）实例

/*
 *
 *       Filename:  producer.c
 *
 *    Description:  生产者进程
 *
 *        Version:  1.0
 *        Created:  09/30/2011 04:52:23 PM
 *       Revision:  none
 *       Compiler:  gcc(g++)
 *
 *         Author:  |Zhenghe Zhang|, |zhenghe.zhang@gmail.com|
 *        Company:  |Shenzhen XXX Technology Co., Ltd.|
 *
 */

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/shm.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <semaphore.h>

#define MAXSHM      5  //定义缓冲区数组的下标变量个数

int main()
{
    /*共享文件*/
    const char *file = "/shmipcxy";
    int fd = shm_open(file, O_CREAT | O_RDWR | O_TRUNC, 0666);
    if(fd == -1)
    {
        perror("shm_open");
        exit(1);
    }

    /*ftruncate()会将参数fd指定的文件大小改为参数length指定的大小。*/
    /*参数fd为已打开的文件描述词，而且必须是以写入模式打开的文件。*/
    /*如果原来的文件大小比参数length大，则超过的部分会被删去。*/
    if(ftruncate(fd, sizeof(char) * MAXSHM) == -1)
    {
        perror("ftruncate");
        exit(1);
    }

    /*mmap()用来将某个文件内容映射到内存中，对该内存区域的存取即是直接对该文件内容的读写。*/
    /*参数start指向欲对应的内存起始地址，通常设为NULL，代表让系统自动选定地址，对应成功后该地址会返回。*/
    /*参数length代表将文件中多大的部分对应到内存。*/
    char *addr_c = (char*)mmap(NULL, sizeof(char) * MAXSHM, 
                   PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, fd, 0);
    if(*((int*)addr_c) == -1)
    {
        perror("mmap");
        exit(1);
    }

    const char *full_name = "/tmp_full";
    const char *empty_name = "/tmp_empty";
    const char *mutex_name = "/tmp_mutex";

    /*定义信号灯 full, empty, mutex  */
    sem_t *full = sem_open(full_name, O_CREAT, 0600, 0);
    sem_t *empty = sem_open(empty_name, O_CREAT, 0600, MAXSHM);
    sem_t *mutex = sem_open(mutex_name, O_CREAT, 0600, 1);

    int i = 0;

    while(i < 10)
    {
        /*sem_wait锁定一个信号量 */
        sem_wait(empty);         //对 empty执行-操作
        sem_wait(mutex);         //对 mutex执行-操作

        addr_c[i] = i + 'a';
        printf("***addr_c[%d] = %c\n", i, addr_c[i]);

        /*sem_post解锁一个信号量 */
        sem_post(mutex);         //对 mutex执行+操作 
        sem_post(full);          //对 full执行+操作

        i++;
        sleep(1);   
    }

    sleep(20); //等待消费者进程退出

    /*munmap()用来取消参数start所指的映射内存起始地址，参数length则是欲取消的内存大小。*/
    /*当进程结束或利用exec相关函数来执行其他程序时，映射内存会自动解除，但关闭对应的文件描述词时不会解除映射。*/
    if(munmap(addr_c, sizeof(char) * MAXSHM) == -1)
    {
        perror("munmap");
        exit(1);
    }

    /*解引用 POSIX 共享内存对象*/
    if(shm_unlink(file) == -1)
    {
        perror("shm_unlink");
        exit(1);
    }

    /*删除一个命名信号量*/
    if(sem_close(full) == -1)
    {
        perror("sem_close");
        exit(1);
    }

    if(sem_close(empty) == -1)
    {
        perror("sem_close");
        exit(1);
    }

    if(sem_close(mutex) == -1)
    {
        perror("sem_close");
        exit(1);
    }

    /*sem_unlink 删除一个由 name 引用的信号量。*/
    /*信号量名字被直接删除。信号量本身在所有打开该信号量的进程都关闭它之后被销毁。*/
    if(sem_unlink(full_name) == -1)
    {
        perror("sem_unlink");
        exit(1);
    }

    if(sem_unlink(empty_name) == -1)
    {
        perror("sem_unlink");
        exit(1);
    }

    if(sem_unlink(mutex_name) == -1)
    {
        perror("sem_unlink");
        exit(1);
    }

    return 0;
}

gcc -o producer producer.c -lrt -lpthread

/*
 *
 *       Filename:  consumer.c
 *
 *    Description:  消费者进程
 *
 *        Version:  1.0
 *        Created:  09/30/2011 04:52:23 PM
 *       Revision:  none
 *       Compiler:  gcc(g++)
 *
 *         Author:  |Zhenghe Zhang|, |zhenghe.zhang@gmail.com|
 *        Company:  |Shenzhen XXX Technology Co., Ltd.|
 *
 */


#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/shm.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <semaphore.h>

#define MAXSHM      5  //定义缓冲区数组的下标变量个数

int main()
{
    /*共享文件*/
    const char *file = "/shmipcxy";
    int fd = shm_open(file, O_CREAT | O_RDWR, 0666);
    if(fd == -1)
    {
        perror("shm_open");
        exit(1);
    }

    if(ftruncate(fd, sizeof(char) * MAXSHM) == -1)
    {
        perror("ftruncate");
        exit(1);
    }
 
    char *addr_c = (char*)mmap(NULL, sizeof(char) * MAXSHM, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED, fd, 0);
    if(*((int*)addr_c) == -1)
    {
        perror("mmap");
        exit(1);
    }

    /* 定义信号灯 full,emptyid, mutexid */
    const char *full_name = "/tmp_full";
    const char *empty_name = "/tmp_empty";
    const char *mutex_name = "/tmp_mutex";

    /*定义信号灯 full, empty, mutex  */
    sem_t *full = sem_open(full_name, 0);
    sem_t *empty = sem_open(empty_name, 0);
    sem_t *mutex = sem_open(mutex_name, 0);

    int i = 0;

    while(i < 10)
    {
        sem_wait(full);       //对full执行 - 操作
        sem_wait(mutex);      //对mutex执行 - 操作

        printf("***addr_c[%d] = %c\n", i, addr_c[i]);

        sem_post(mutex);      //对mutex执行 + 操作
        sem_post(empty);      //对empty执行 + 操作

        i++;
        sleep(2);
    }

    if(munmap(addr_c, sizeof(char) * MAXSHM) == -1)
    {
        perror("munmap");
        exit(1);
    }

    if(sem_close(full) == -1)
    {
        perror("sem_close");
        exit(1);
    }

    if(sem_close(empty) == -1)
    {
        perror("sem_close");
        exit(1);
    }

    if(sem_close(mutex) == -1)
    {
        perror("sem_close");
        exit(1);
    }

    return 0;
}