- 线程池使用方法介绍
实例化线程池对象
from multiprocessing.dummy import Pool
pool = Pool(process=5) #默认大小是cup的个数
把从发送请求,提取数据,到保存合并成一个函数,交给线程池异步执行
使用方法pool.apply_async(func)
def exetute_requests_item_save(self):
url = self.queue.get()
html_str = self.parse_url(url)
content_list = self.get_content_list(html_str)
self.save_content_list(content_list)
self.total_response_num +=1
pool.apply_async(self.exetute_requests_item_save)
添加回调函数
通过apply_async
的方法能够让函数异步执行,但是只能够执行一次
为了让其能够被反复执行,通过添加回调函数的方式能够让_callback 递归的调用自己
同时需要指定递归退出的条件
def _callback(self,temp):
if self.is_running:
pool.apply_async(self.exetute_requests_item_save,callback=self._callback)
pool.apply_async(self.exetute_requests_item_save,callback=self._callback)
确定程序结束的条件 程序在获取的响应和url数量相同的时候可以结束
while True: #防止主线程结束
time.sleep(0.0001) #避免cpu空转,浪费资源
if self.total_response_num>=self.total_requests_num:
self.is_running= False
break
self.pool.close() #关闭线程池,防止新的线程开启
# self.pool.join() #等待所有的子线程结束
- 使用线程池实现爬虫的具体实现
# coding=utf-8
import requests
from lxml import etree
from queue import Queue
from multiprocessing.dummy import Pool
import time
class QiubaiSpider:
def __init__(self):
self.url_temp = "https://www.qiushibaike.com/8hr/page/{}/"
self.headers = {"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X \
10_13_3) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/64.0.3282.186 Safari/537.36"}
self.queue = Queue()
self.pool = Pool(5)
self.is_running = True
self.total_requests_num = 0
self.total_response_num = 0
def get_url_list(self): # 获取url列表
for i in range(1, 14):
self.queue.put(self.url_temp.format(i))
self.total_requests_num += 1
def parse_url(self, url): # 发送请求,获取响应
return requests.get(url, headers=self.headers).content.decode()
def get_content_list(self, html_str): # 提取段子
html = etree.HTML(html_str)
div_list = html.xpath("//div[@id='content-left']/div")
content_list = []
for div in div_list:
content = {}
content["content"] = div.xpath(".//div[@class='content']/span/text()")
print(content)
content_list.append(content)
return content_list
def save_content_list(self, content_list): # 保存数据
pass
def exetute_requests_item_save(self):
url = self.queue.get()
html_str = self.parse_url(url)
content_list = self.get_content_list(html_str)
self.save_content_list(content_list)
self.total_response_num += 1
def _callback(self, temp):
if self.is_running:
self.pool.apply_async(self.exetute_requests_item_save, callback=self._callback)
def run(self):
self.get_url_list()
for i in range(2): # 控制并发
self.pool.apply_async(self.exetute_requests_item_save, callback=self._callback)
while True: # 防止主线程结束
time.sleep(0.0001) # 避免cpu空转,浪费资源
if self.total_response_num >= self.total_requests_num:
self.is_running = False
break
self.pool.close() # 关闭线程池,防止新的线程开启
# self.pool.join() #等待所有的子线程结束
if __name__ == '__main__':
qiubai = QiubaiSpider()
qiubai.run()
- 使用协程池实现爬虫的具体实现
# coding=utf-8
import gevent.monky
gevent.monky.path_all()
from gevent.pool import Pool
import requests
from lxml import etree
from queue import Queue
import time
class QiubaiSpider:
def __init__(self):
self.url_temp = "https://www.qiushibaike.com/8hr/page/{}/"
self.headers = {"User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X \
10_13_3) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/64.0.3282.186 Safari/537.36"}
self.queue = Queue()
self.pool = Pool(5)
self.is_running = True
self.total_requests_num = 0
self.total_response_num = 0
def get_url_list(self): # 获取url列表
for i in range(1, 14):
self.queue.put(self.url_temp.format(i))
self.total_requests_num += 1
def parse_url(self, url): # 发送请求,获取响应
return requests.get(url, headers=self.headers).content.decode()
def get_content_list(self, html_str): # 提取段子
html = etree.HTML(html_str)
div_list = html.xpath("//div[@id='content-left']/div")
content_list = []
for div in div_list:
content = {}
content["content"] = div.xpath(".//div[@class='content']/span/text()")
print(content)
content_list.append(content)
return content_list
def save_content_list(self, content_list): # 保存数据
pass
def exetute_requests_item_save(self):
url = self.queue.get()
html_str = self.parse_url(url)
content_list = self.get_content_list(html_str)
self.save_content_list(content_list)
self.total_response_num += 1
def _callback(self, temp):
if self.is_running:
self.pool.apply_async(self.exetute_requests_item_save, callback=self._callback)
def run(self):
self.get_url_list()
for i in range(2): # 控制并发
self.pool.apply_async(self.exetute_requests_item_save, callback=self._callback)
while True: # 防止主线程结束
time.sleep(0.0001) # 避免cpu空转,浪费资源
if self.total_response_num >= self.total_requests_num:
self.is_running = False
break
if __name__ == '__main__':
qiubai = QiubaiSpider()
qiubai.run()
重点
掌握线程池的使用方法和流程
掌握协程池的方式实现爬虫