使用scrapy+splash+Lua脚本实现滚轮动态加载爬取CSDN

爬取CSDN的时候发现，csdn需要一直使用鼠标滑轮下拉，动态加载

使用Lua脚本，详细解释见官方文档https://splash.readthedocs.io/en/stable/

function main(splash, args)
  splash:go(args.url)
  local scroll_to = splash:jsfunc("window.scrollTo")
  scroll_to(0, 300)
  splash:set_viewport_full()
  return {png=splash:png()}
end

发现可以获取到滑动以后的内容

接下来就是如何将该脚本结合到scrapy中，工具使用的是pycharm

class CSDNSpider(scrapy.Spider):

    name = 'test'
    def start_requests(self):

        # script = """
        #             function main(splash,args)
        #                 splash:set_viewport_size(1028, 10000)
        #                 splash:go(args.url)
        #                 local scroll_to = splash:jsfunc("window.scrollTo")
        #                 scroll_to(0, 2500)
        #                 splash:wait(5)
        #                 return {
        #                     html = splash:html()
        #                 }
        #             end
        #             """
        script = """
                function main(splash, args)
                  splash:go(args.url)
                  local scroll_to = splash:jsfunc("window.scrollTo")
                  scroll_to(0, 2800)
                  splash:set_viewport_full()
                  splash:wait(5)
                  return {html=splash:html()}
                end
        """
        url = 'https://blog.csdn.net/'
        yield SplashRequest(url, self.parse,  endpoint='execute', args={'lua_source': script, 'url': url})

使用SplashRequest请求通过args传递参数，如果是scrapy.Request则是meta

然后还有一步就是将setting设置好（原来设置过，然后新的工程忘了设置，搞了好久才发现是这得问题）

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

# Scrapy settings for Technology project
#
# For simplicity, this file contains only settings considered important or
# commonly used. You can find more settings consulting the documentation:
#
#     https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html
#     https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
#     https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html

BOT_NAME = 'Technology'

SPIDER_MODULES = ['Technology.spiders']
NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'Technology.spiders'


# Crawl responsibly by identifying yourself (and your website) on the user-agent
#USER_AGENT = 'Technology (+http://www.yourdomain.com)'

# Obey robots.txt rules
ROBOTSTXT_OBEY = True

# Configure maximum concurrent requests performed by Scrapy (default: 16)
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS = 32

# Configure a delay for requests for the same website (default: 0)
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html#download-delay
# See also autothrottle settings and docs
#DOWNLOAD_DELAY = 3
# The download delay setting will honor only one of:
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_DOMAIN = 16
#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_IP = 16

# Disable cookies (enabled by default)
#COOKIES_ENABLED = False

# Disable Telnet Console (enabled by default)
#TELNETCONSOLE_ENABLED = False

# Override the default request headers:
#DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS = {
#   'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8',
#   'Accept-Language': 'en',
#}

# Enable or disable spider middlewares
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/spider-middleware.html
#SPIDER_MIDDLEWARES = {
#    'Technology.middlewares.TechnologySpiderMiddleware': 543,
#}

# Enable or disable downloader middlewares
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html
DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {
    'scrapy_splash.SplashCookiesMiddleware':723,
    'scrapy_splash.SplashMiddleware':725,
    'scrapy.downloadermiddlewares.httpcompression.HttpCompressionMiddleware': 810,#不配置查不到信息
   # 'Technology.middlewares.TechnologyDownloaderMiddleware': 543,
}

# Enable or disable extensions
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/extensions.html
#EXTENSIONS = {
#    'scrapy.extensions.telnet.TelnetConsole': None,
#}

# Configure item pipelines
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html
#ITEM_PIPELINES = {
#    'Technology.pipelines.TechnologyPipeline': 300,
#}

# Enable and configure the AutoThrottle extension (disabled by default)
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/autothrottle.html
#AUTOTHROTTLE_ENABLED = True
# The initial download delay
#AUTOTHROTTLE_START_DELAY = 5
# The maximum download delay to be set in case of high latencies
#AUTOTHROTTLE_MAX_DELAY = 60
# The average number of requests Scrapy should be sending in parallel to
# each remote server
#AUTOTHROTTLE_TARGET_CONCURRENCY = 1.0
# Enable showing throttling stats for every response received:
#AUTOTHROTTLE_DEBUG = False

# Enable and configure HTTP caching (disabled by default)
# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/downloader-middleware.html#httpcache-middleware-settings
HTTPCACHE_ENABLED = True
HTTPCACHE_EXPIRATION_SECS = 0
HTTPCACHE_DIR = 'httpcache'
#HTTPCACHE_IGNORE_HTTP_CODES = []
#HTTPCACHE_STORAGE = 'scrapy.extensions.httpcache.FilesystemCacheStorage'
SPLASH_URL = "http://192.168.99.100:8050"      #自己安装的docker里的splash位置
DUPEFILTER_CLASS = "scrapy_splash.SplashAwareDupeFilter"
HTTPCACHE_STORAGE = 'scrapy_splash.SplashAwareFSCacheStorage'

设置好以后就大功告成。

在前面的脚本那花费了好长时间，网上的资料都不全

安装docker见另一篇文章安装splash及解决点击Docker出现windows 正在查找bash.exe。如果想亲自查找文件，请点击“浏览”的问题

更多内容关注我的微信公众号