java生成图片验证码

最新推荐文章于 2023-02-01 21:13:28 发布

zhaobingchao

最新推荐文章于 2023-02-01 21:13:28 发布

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分类专栏： javaee 文章标签：验证码图片 java

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/zhaobingchao/article/details/70820013

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1.java工具类的编写,该工具类生成验证码.

package com.isoftstone.util;

import java.awt.Color;
import java.awt.Font;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.util.Random;

/**
 * 工具类,生成验证码.
 * @author 浮生若梦
 */
public class IdentifyingUtil {
	/**
	 * 定义数组常量,比较难识别的比如 1,l,o,0,不再其中.
	 */
	private static final char[] CHAR_ARRAY = "ASDqwertyuipkjhgfdsazxcvbnm23456789".toCharArray();
	/**
	 * 定义Random对象,因为下面多次 用到,避免内存浪费.
	 */
	private static Random random = new Random();
	
	/**
	 * 生成一张随机验证码图片返回.
	 */
	public static BufferedImage getIdentifyingImage(String identifying){
		//1.设置图片的宽度,高度.
		int width = 100;
		int height = 30;
		//2.创建图片对象.
		BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
		//3.创建画笔对象,绘图生成图片.
		Graphics2D gra = image.createGraphics();
		 //3.1 绘制背景色.
		Color color = getBackgroundColor();
		gra.setColor(color);
		gra.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);
		 //3.2绘制字体颜色,字体大小.
		Font font = new Font(Font.SANS_SERIF, Font.BOLD, 18);
		gra.setFont(font);
		gra.setColor(getForegroundColor(color));
		gra.drawString(identifying, 22, 22);
		 //3.3绘制噪点.
		int length = new Random().nextInt(100);
		for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {
			gra.drawRect(random.nextInt(width),random.nextInt(height),1,1);
		}
	   return image;
	}
	
	/**
	 * 获取随机数的方法.
	 * @return 随机出来的6位字符串.
	 */
	public static String getIdentifyingCode(){
		StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
		for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {
			buffer.append(CHAR_ARRAY[random.nextInt(CHAR_ARRAY.length)]);
		}
		return buffer.toString();
	}
	
	/**
	 * 生产随机颜色,做背景色用.
	 * @return 背景色.
	 */
	public static Color getBackgroundColor(){
		return new Color(random.nextInt(255), random.nextInt(255), random.nextInt(255));
	}
	
	/**
	 * 生成背景色的反色,防止背景和字体颜色一致.
	 * @param 背景颜色.
	 * @return 字体颜色.
	 */
	public static Color getForegroundColor(Color color){
		return new Color(255-color.getRed(), 255-color.getGreen(), 255-color.getBlue());
	}
	
}

2.servlet的编写,设置响应格式,将验证码图片输出到前端页面.

package com.isoftstone.servlet;

import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import com.isoftstone.util.IdentifyingUtil;
import com.sun.image.codec.jpeg.JPEGCodec;
import com.sun.image.codec.jpeg.JPEGImageEncoder;


public class IdentifyingServlet extends HttpServlet{

	@Override
	protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
		//1.设置相应类型.
		resp.setContentType("image/jpeg");
		//2.获取输出流.
		OutputStream out = resp.getOutputStream();
		//3.获取生成的字符串保存在session中,和用户输入的作比较,此处省略.
		String identify = IdentifyingUtil.getIdentifyingCode();
		BufferedImage image = IdentifyingUtil.getIdentifyingImage(identify);
		//4.在前端页面显示的方式一.
	    //ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG", out);
		//在前端页面显示的方式二.
		JPEGImageEncoder encoder = JPEGCodec.createJPEGEncoder(out);
		encoder.encode(image);
		out.flush();
	}

	@Override
	protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
		this.doGet(req, resp);
	}

	
}

3.web.xml的配置,访问servlet的路径.

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
  <!-- servlet的配置 -->
  <servlet>
  	<servlet-name>identifying</servlet-name>
  	<servlet-class>com.isoftstone.servlet.IdentifyingServlet</servlet-class>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
  	<servlet-name>identifying</servlet-name>
  	<url-pattern>/identifying</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

4.jsp的编写,展示验证码,通过参数的每次都不同来进行图片验证码的刷新效果.

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
	<script type="text/javascript">
		function  changeImg() {
			document.getElementById("ident").src="identifying?ts="+new Date().getTime();
		}
	</script>
	<img  id="ident" src="identifying">
	<button value="" οnclick="changeImg()">看不清换一张</button>
</body>
</html>

5.测试结果.