取出一个字符串中字母出现的次数。如：字符串："abcde%^kka27qoq" ，输出格式为： a(2)b(1)k(2)...

考虑到效率问题，鄙人发现网上应该有两种不同的方法，经过验证发现，用for循环实现比较快捷(花的时间少)：

程序如下：

（1）for循环简单思路就是把源字符串转换成字符数组并挨个比较；

（2）另外一种方法是用Map集合，由于Map集合中是不允许有键重复，利用这一特点实现；

import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Map.Entry;
import java.util.Set;


public class 计算字符个数效率 {
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>public static void main(String[] args) {
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>String string = "abcde%^kka27qoq";
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>System.out.println(string);
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>long start = System.nanoTime();
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>fun1(string);
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>long end = System.nanoTime();
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>System.out.println("\ncost time:" + (end - start));
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>start = System.nanoTime();
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>fun2(string);
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>end = System.nanoTime();
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>System.out.println("\ncost time:" + (end - start));
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>}


<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>public static void fun1(String str) {
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>char[] cs = str.toCharArray();
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>for (int i = 0; i < cs.length; i++) {
<span style="white-space:pre">			</span>if (cs[i] == ' ') {
<span style="white-space:pre">				</span>continue;
<span style="white-space:pre">			</span>}
<span style="white-space:pre">			</span>int count = 1;
<span style="white-space:pre">			</span>for (int j = i + 1; j < cs.length; j++) {
<span style="white-space:pre">				</span>if (cs[i] == cs[j]) {
<span style="white-space:pre">					</span>count++;
<span style="white-space:pre">					</span>cs[j] = ' ';
<span style="white-space:pre">				</span>}
<span style="white-space:pre">			</span>}
<span style="white-space:pre">			</span>System.out.print(cs[i] + "(" + count + ")");
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>}
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>}


<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>public static void fun2(String str) {
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>Map<Character, Integer> map = new HashMap<Character, Integer>();
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>char[] cs = str.toCharArray();
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>for (int i = 0; i < cs.length; i++) {
<span style="white-space:pre">			</span>Integer count = map.get(cs[i]);
<span style="white-space:pre">			</span>if (count == null) {
<span style="white-space:pre">				</span>count = 0;
<span style="white-space:pre">			</span>}
<span style="white-space:pre">			</span>map.put(cs[i], count + 1);
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>}
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>Set<Entry<Character, Integer>> entrySet = map.entrySet();
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>for (Entry<Character, Integer> entry : entrySet) {
<span style="white-space:pre">			</span>System.out.print(entry.getKey() + "(" + entry.getValue() + ")");
<span style="white-space:pre">		</span>}
<span style="white-space:pre">	</span>}
}

结果如下：