涉及到继承的初始化方法

#import "Person.h"

@implementation Person
- (id) initWithName:(NSString *)name withSex:(NSString *)sex withAge:(NSInteger)age
{
    //第一步,调用父类的初始化方法,对父类的成员变量进行初始化
    self = [super init];
    //第二步,判断初始化是否成功(self不为空)
    if (self) {
        //对person类特有的成员变量一一赋值
        _name = name;
        _sex = sex;
        _age = age;
    }
    //返回self
    return self;
}


- (void) sayHi
{
    NSLog(@"大家好,我是人类%@,性别:%@,今年%ld岁", _name, _sex, _age);
}
@end

</pre><pre name="code" class="objc">

<pre name="code" class="objc">#import "Student.h"

@implementation Student

- (id) initWithName:(NSString *)name withSex:(NSString *)sex withAge:(NSInteger)age school:(NSString *)school stuId:(NSInteger)stuId
{
    //第一步,调用person的初始化方法
    self = [super initWithName:name withSex:sex withAge:age];
    //第二步,判断
    if (self) {
        //对student特有的成员变量一一赋值
        _school = school;
        _stuId = stuId;
    }
    //第三步,返回self
    return self;
}

- (void) sayHi
{
    [super sayHi];
    NSLog(@"大家好,我是学生%@,性别:%@,今年%ld岁", _name, _sex, _age);
}

@end

另外:次要初始化方法中,一般要先调用self = 指派初始化方法,只需把指派初始化方法中不需要的参数设置为空,而次要初始化需要的参数设置为相应变量名即可.