centos7下perl的升级安装

1.访问http://www.cpan.org/authors/id/S/SH/SHAY/ 下载perl版本

2.将下载下来的安装包放到你的目录里边

# 解包 tar -zxvf perl-5.26.1.tar.gz # 进入文件目录 cd perl-5.26.1

  进入解压目录执行

./Configure --help

查看过后，使用这个指令来设置源码

./Configure -des -Dprefix=/usr/local/perl -Dusethreads -Uversiononly
编译
 # make  //这个过程会比较久，因为源码文件有那么大，我的这个有14M。
 # make install

等待这个命令完成后，基本安装就完成了

测试  执行  Perl -v

[root@hadoop-m perl-5.26.1]# perl -v

This is perl 5, version 26, subversion 1 (v5.26.1) built for x86_64-linux-thread-multi

Copyright 1987-2017, Larry Wall

Perl may be copied only under the terms of either the Artistic License or the
GNU General Public License, which may be found in the Perl 5 source kit.

Complete documentation for Perl, including FAQ lists, should be found on
this system using "man perl" or "perldoc perl".  If you have access to the
Internet, point your browser at http://www.perl.org/, the Perl Home Page.

恭喜成功！

3.重定向

# 上一步完成基本代表着你已经把相关的perl安装成功
# 但是系统默认的还是原来的perl，所以我们要建立软连接

# 当前perl
perl -v

This is perl 5, version 16, subversion 3 (v5.16.3) built for x86_64-linux-thread-multi
(with 29 registered patches, see perl -V for more detail)

Copyright 1987-2012, Larry Wall

Perl may be copied only under the terms of either the Artistic License or the
GNU General Public License, which may be found in the Perl 5 source kit.

Complete documentation for Perl, including FAQ lists, should be found on
this system using "man perl" or "perldoc perl".  If you have access to the
Internet, point your browser at http://www.perl.org/, the Perl Home Page.

# 修改链接
# 不建议删除，还是备份比较好
mv /usr/bin/perl /usr/bin/perl.bak
# 建立软连接
ln -s /usr/local/perl/bin/perl /usr/bin/perl

# 查看当前perl
perl -v

This is perl 5, version 26, subversion 1 (v5.26.1) built for x86_64-linux

Copyright 1987-2017, Larry Wall

Perl may be copied only under the terms of either the Artistic License or the
GNU General Public License, which may be found in the Perl 5 source kit.

Complete documentation for Perl, including FAQ lists, should be found on
this system using "man perl" or "perldoc perl".  If you have access to the
Internet, point your browser at http://www.perl.org/, the Perl Home Page.

perl模块安装

以Net::SNMP模块为例

# 下载安装包
wget http://search.cpan.org/CPAN/authors/id/D/DT/DTOWN/Net-SNMP-v6.0.1.tar.gz

# 解压
tar -zxvf Net-SNMP-v6.0.1.tar.gz

# 编译安装
cd Net-SNMP-v6.0.1

perl Makefile.PL

make && make test

make install


# 特别注意
# 有一些模块使用Build.PL,可以通过readme进行查看
# 手动安装一定要先把依赖检测一下，先安装依赖

cpan安装

使用Perl自带的模块——CPAN.pm模块

perl -MCPAN -e shell

# 第一次进入选站点
Terminal does not support AddHistory.

cpan shell -- CPAN exploration and modules installation (v2.18)
Enter 'h' for help.

cpan[1]> install Net::SNMP

or

perl -MCPAN -e 'install Net::SNMP'

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常见错误

wget未安装

# 例：
wget command not found

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解决方法： 
yum -y install wget

gcc未安装

运行会提示带有cc的语句，因为我的环境一般都安装了gcc，也就不举例了

解决方法： 
yum -y install gcc

cpan未安装

Can't locate CPAN.pm in @INC (@INC contains: /usr/local/lib/perl5 /usr/local/share/perl5 /usr/lib/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/lib/perl5 /usr/share/perl5 .).
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted.

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解决方法： 
- yum -y install perl-CPAN 

- 手动安装，版本要合适，步骤如上Net::SNMP

依赖未安装

# 例如
Checking prerequisites...
  recommends:
    *  Crypt::DES is not installed
    *  Crypt::Rijndael is not installed
    *  Digest::HMAC is not installed
    *  Digest::SHA1 is not installed
    *  Socket6 is not installed

解决方法： 
- 安装依赖模块 
- 使用强制安装 
- 用cpan进行安装