今天,有个同事问我,怎样在C#中使用全局钩子?以前写的全局钩子都是用unmanaged C或C++写个DLL来实现,可大家都知道,C#是基于.Net Framework的,是managed,怎么实现全局钩子呢?于是开始到网上搜索,好不容易找到一篇,318804 - HOW TO: Set a Windows Hook in Visual C# .NET,里面详细的说明了如何使用鼠标钩子捕获鼠标的移动等,可是,它只能在Application里起作用,出了Application就没用了,就是说它还是没有实现全局钩子,而且文章结尾处说:“Global Hooks are not supported in the .NET Framework...”,这可怎么办呢?
别担心,办法总是有的,经过一番摸索以后,发现WH_KEYBORAD_LL和WH_MOUSE_LL这两个low-level的hook可以被安装成全局的,这就好办了,我们不妨用这两个low-level的hook替换掉WH_KEYBORAD和WH_MOUSE,于是开始测试。结果成功了,在C#里实现了全局钩子。
我们来看一下主要代码段。
首先倒入所需要的windows函数,主要有三个,SetWindowsHookEX用来安装钩子,UnhookWindowsHookEX用来卸载钩子以及CallNextHookEX用来将hook信息传递到链表中下一个hook处理过程。
[DllImport(
"
user32.dll
"
, CharSet
=
CharSet.Auto,
CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall, SetLastError = true )]
private static extern int SetWindowsHookEx(
int idHook,
HookProc lpfn,
IntPtr hMod,
int dwThreadId);
[DllImport( " user32.dll " , CharSet = CharSet.Auto,
CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall, SetLastError = true )]
private static extern int UnhookWindowsHookEx( int idHook);
[DllImport( " user32.dll " , CharSet = CharSet.Auto,
CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)]
private static extern int CallNextHookEx(
int idHook,
int nCode,
int wParam,
IntPtr lParam);
CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall, SetLastError = true )]
private static extern int SetWindowsHookEx(
int idHook,
HookProc lpfn,
IntPtr hMod,
int dwThreadId);
[DllImport( " user32.dll " , CharSet = CharSet.Auto,
CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall, SetLastError = true )]
private static extern int UnhookWindowsHookEx( int idHook);
[DllImport( " user32.dll " , CharSet = CharSet.Auto,
CallingConvention = CallingConvention.StdCall)]
private static extern int CallNextHookEx(
int idHook,
int nCode,
int wParam,
IntPtr lParam);
下面是有关这两个low-level hook在Winuser.h中的定义:
/// <summary>
/// Windows NT/2000/XP: Installs a hook procedure that monitors low-level mouse input events.
/// Windows NT/2000/XP: Installs a hook procedure that monitors low-level mouse input events.