spring mvc整合json

最近team要开发一个App，负责server端。原本准备是用SSH2框架的，但是感觉struts2还是比较适合用来与jsp结合使用，想了又想决定用spring mvc整合json来做。网上查了很多资料，调试了一整天，终于把调通。在这里分享一下我的经验：

1. 第一步当然创建一个新项目，加入spring啦^-^  貌似现在只有3.0版本以上才支持整合json哦。
2. 在项目中加入两个json的jar包：jackson-core-asl-x.x.x.jar和jackson-mapper-asl.x.x.x.jar。其中xxx是jar包的版本，网上很多说用1.4.2，但是我加入1.4.2版本后，部署会出错。在请求中会出现ObjectMapper:NoClassDefFoundException的错，仔细查看原来tomcat启动的时候就错了，报的是isFullyTyped:NoSuchMethodError的错误。这个错真心纠结了很久，最后在官网上看到原来是core包里里面一个类没有这个方法。查看jar包，1.4.2真的没有这个方法。仔细查看官网API，尼玛json竟然不是向下兼容的，伤不起....最后看到了1.1版本还是支持的，于是就下载了1.1.2的版本。于是两个jar包就是：jackson-core-asl-1.1.2.jar和jackson-mapper-asl.1.1.2.jar。
3. 在web.xml添加spring mvc
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   < context-param >      < param-name >contextConfigLocation</ param-name >          < span ></ span >         < span ></ span > < param-value >          /WEB-INF/classes/applicationContext.xml,          /WEB-INF/classes/spring-servlet.xml      </ param-value >    </ context-param >    < listener >      < listener-class >          org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener      </ listener-class >    </ listener >    <!-- spring mvc的servlet，处理所有.json请求 -->    < servlet >      < servlet-name >spring</ servlet-name >      < servlet-class >org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</ servlet-class >      < init-param >          < param-name >contextConfigLocation</ param-name >          < param-value >/WEB-INF/classes/spring-servlet.xml</ param-value >      </ init-param >      < load-on-startup >1</ load-on-startup >    </ servlet >    < servlet-mapping >      < servlet-name >spring</ servlet-name >      < url-pattern >*.json</ url-pattern >    </ servlet-mapping >

4. 编写spring-servlet.xml，配置spring mvc
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   <? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?> < beans      xmlns = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"      xmlns:xsi = "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"      xmlns:p = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"      xmlns:context = "http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"      xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd                          http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd">        < context:annotation-config />      <!-- Controller 类注解标识 -->      < context:component-scan base-package = "com.gswtek.controller" />            < bean class = "org.springframework.web.servlet.view.ContentNegotiatingViewResolver" >          < property name = "mediaTypes" >              < map >                  <!-- 告诉视图解析器，返回的类型为json格式 -->                  < entry key = "json" value = "application/json" />              </ map >          </ property >          < property name = "defaultViews" >              < list >                  <!-- ModelAndView里的数据变成JSON -->                  < bean class = "org.springframework.web.servlet.view.json.MappingJacksonJsonView" />              </ list >          </ property >      </ bean > </ beans >

5. 编写Controller类，返回的ModelAndView会自动将数据转换成json数据
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   package com.gswtek.controller;   import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map;   import org.apache.log4j.Logger; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier; import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam; import org.springframework.web.portlet.ModelAndView;   import com.gswtek.service.UserService; import com.gswtek.service.UserServiceImpl;   @Controller         /注解这个是个Controller public class UserController {        public static Logger log = Logger.getLogger(UserController. class );      @Autowired      @Qualifier ( "UserServiceImpl" )      private UserServiceImpl userService;            public void setUserService(UserServiceImpl userService) {          this .userService = userService;      }            /*          * @RequestMapping配置请求地址          * @RequestParam将请求中的参数注入          */          <span></span> @RequestMapping (value= "/register" )    <span></span> public ModelAndView register( @RequestParam ( "username" ) String username                                  , @RequestParam ( "password" ) String password) {          log.debug( "register a new user" );          ModelAndView modelView = new ModelAndView();          Map<String, Object> modelMap = new HashMap<String, Object>();          boolean status = userService.addUser(username, password);          /*if(status) {              modelMap.put("status", true);          } else {              modelMap.put("status", false);          }*/                  modelMap.put( "status" ,status); //感谢二楼的指正，已修改                  modelMap.put( "date" , new Date());          modelView.addAllObjects(modelMap);          return modelView;      }       }

6. service层的代码就不贴了，大家都懂的^-^
7. 部署测试，测试的地址是http://localhost:8080/spring_mvc/register.json?username=kevin&password=hahahah浏览器中返回数据是

   {"modelAndView":{"empty":false,"reference":false,"viewName":null,"view":null,"modelMap":{"status":true,"date":1358091863067},"model":{"status":true,"date":1358091863067}}}

   ok，成功！确实是json数据。
8. 观察一下，数据冗余有木有！没关系，定义我们自己的数据转换类：
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   package com.gswtek.util;   import java.util.Map;   import org.springframework.web.portlet.ModelAndView; import org.springframework.web.servlet.view.json.MappingJacksonJsonView;   public class MappingJacksonJsonViewExd extends MappingJacksonJsonView {        @Override      protected Object filterModel(Map<String, Object> model) {          Map<?, ?> result = (Map<?, ?>) super .filterModel(model);          ModelAndView mav =  (ModelAndView) (result.size() != 1 ? result : result.values().iterator().next());          return mav.getModelMap();      }   }

   更改spring-servlet.xml：
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   < property name = "defaultViews" >              < list >                  <!-- ModelAndView里的数据变成JSON -->                  < bean class = "com.gswtek.util.MappingJacksonJsonViewExd" />              </ list >          </ property >

   
   
9. 再次布局，测试：

   {"status":true,"date":1358092422728}

   ok,这次数据就比较简洁了。