请编写一个生产者程序,用于向一个文件写入数据,再编写一个消费者程序,用于从该文件中读取数据。两个程序可以同时运行,理解通过文件实现程序间数据交换时需要采用的上文件锁的方法和使用。(同时打开两个终端,分别运行两个程序,显示运行结果,拍照上传,并上传代码的照片)
一、首先需要创建多个文件如下
文件内容:
/* 1.producer.c */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/file.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include "mylock.h"
#include "lock_set.c"
#define MAXLEN 10 /* 缓冲区大小最大值*/
#define ALPHABET 1 /* 表示使用英文字符 */
#define ALPHABET_START 'a' /* 头一个字符,可以用 'A'*/
#define COUNT_OF_ALPHABET 26 /* 字母字符的个数 */
#define DIGIT 2 /* 表示使用数字字符 */
#define DIGIT_START '0' /* 头一个字符 */
#define COUNT_OF_DIGIT 10 /* 数字字符的个数 */
#define SIGN_TYPE ALPHABET /* 本实例选用英文字符 */
const char *fifo_file = "./myfifo"; /* 仿真FIFO文件名 */
char buff[MAXLEN]; /* 缓冲区 */
/* 功能:生产一个字符并写入到仿真FIFO文件中 */
int product(void)
{
int fd;
unsigned int sign_type, sign_start, sign_count, size;
static unsigned int counter = 0;
/* 打开仿真FIFO文件 */
if ((fd = open(fifo_file, O_CREAT|O_RDWR|O_APPEND, 0644)) < 0)
{
printf("Open fifo file error\n");
exit(1);
}
sign_type = SIGN_TYPE;
switch(sign_type)
{
case ALPHABET:/* 英文字符 */
{
sign_start = ALPHABET_START;
sign_count = COUNT_OF_ALPHABET;
}
break;
case DIGIT:/* 数字字符 */
{
sign_start = DIGIT_START;
sign_count = COUNT_OF_DIGIT;
}
break;
default:
{
return -1;
}
}/*end of switch*/
sprintf(buff, "%c", (sign_start + counter));
counter = (counter + 1) % sign_count;
lock_set(fd, F_WRLCK); /* 上写锁*/
if ((size = write(fd, buff, strlen(buff))) < 0)
{
printf("Producer: write error\n");
return -1;
}
lock_set(fd, F_UNLCK); /* 解锁 */
close(fd);
return 0;
}
int main(int argc ,char *argv[])
{
int time_step = 1; /* 生产周期 */
int time_life = 10; /* 需要生产的资源数 */
if (argc > 1)
{
sscanf(argv[1], "%d", &time_step);
}
if (argc > 2)
{
sscanf(argv[2], "%d", &time_life);
}
while (time_life--)
{
if (product() < 0)
{
break;
}
sleep(time_step);
}
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}
/* 2.customer.c */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include "mylock.h"
#include "lock_set.c"
#define MAX_FILE_SIZE 100 * 1024 * 1024 /* 100M*/
const char *fifo_file = "./myfifo"; /* 仿真FIFO文件名 */
const char *tmp_file = "./tmp"; /* 临时文件名 */
/* 资源消费函数 */
int customing(const char *myfifo, int need) {
int fd;
char buff;
int counter = 0;
if ((fd = open(myfifo, O_RDONLY)) < 0) {
printf("Function customing error\n");
return -1;
}
printf("Enjoy:");
lseek(fd, SEEK_SET, 0);
while (counter < need) {
while ((read(fd, &buff, 1) == 1) && (counter < need)) {
fputc(buff, stdout); /* 消费就是在屏幕上简单的显示 */
counter++;
}
}
fputs("\n", stdout);
close(fd);
return 0;
}
/* 功能:从sour_file文件的offset偏移处开始将count字节大小的数据拷贝到dest_file文件 */
int myfilecopy(const char *sour_file, const char *dest_file, int offset,int count, int copy_mode) {
int in_file, out_file;
int counter = 0;
char buff_unit;
if ((in_file = open(sour_file,O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK))<0) {
printf("Function myfilecopy error in source file\n");
return -1;
}
if((out_file=open(dest_file,O_CREAT|O_RDWR|O_TRUNC|O_NONBLOCK, 0644)) < 0) {
printf("Function myfilecopy errorin destination file:");
return -1;
}
lseek(in_file, offset, SEEK_SET);
while((read(in_file,&buff_unit,1)==1)&&(counter<count)) {
write(out_file, &buff_unit, 1);
counter++;
}
close(in_file);
close(out_file);
return 0;
}
/* 功能:实现FIFO消费者 */
int custom(int need) {
int fd;
/* 对资源进行消费,need表示该消费的资源数目 */
customing(fifo_file, need);
if ((fd = open(fifo_file, O_RDWR)) < 0) {
printf("Function myfilecopy error in source_file:");
return -1;
}
/* 为了模拟FIFO结构,对整个文件内容进行平行移动 */
lock_set(fd, F_WRLCK);
myfilecopy(fifo_file, tmp_file, need, MAX_FILE_SIZE, 0);
myfilecopy(tmp_file, fifo_file, 0, MAX_FILE_SIZE, 0);
lock_set(fd, F_UNLCK);
unlink(tmp_file);
close(fd);
return 0;
}
int main(int argc ,char *argv[]) {
int customer_capacity = 10;
if (argc > 1) { /* 第一个参数指定需要消费的资源数目,默认值为10 */
sscanf(argv[1], "%d", &customer_capacity);
}
if (customer_capacity > 0) {
custom(customer_capacity);
}
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}
/* 3.lock_set.c */
int lock_set(int fd, int type) {
struct flock old_lock, lock;
lock.l_whence = SEEK_SET;
lock.l_start = 0;
lock.l_len = 0;
lock.l_type = type;
lock.l_pid = -1;
/* 判断文件是否可以上锁 */
fcntl(fd, F_GETLK, &lock);
if (lock.l_type != F_UNLCK) {
/* 判断文件不能上锁的原因 */
if (lock.l_type == F_RDLCK) { /* 该文件已有读取锁 */
printf("Read lock already set by %d\n", lock.l_pid);
} else if (lock.l_type == F_WRLCK) { /* 该文件已有写入锁 */
printf("Write lock already set by %d\n", lock.l_pid);
}
}
/* l_type 可能已被F_GETLK修改过 */
lock.l_type = type;
/* 根据不同的type值进行阻塞式上锁或解锁 */
if ((fcntl(fd, F_SETLKW, &lock)) < 0) {
printf("Lock failed:type = %d\n", lock.l_type);
return 1;
}
switch(lock.l_type) {
case F_RDLCK: {
printf("Read lock set by %d\n", getpid());
}
break;
case F_WRLCK: {
printf("Write lock set by %d\n", getpid());
}
break;
case F_UNLCK: {
printf("Release lock by %d\n", getpid());
return 1;
}
break;
default:
break;
}/* end of switch */
return 0;
}
/*my_lock.h*/
#ifndef MY_LOCK_H
#define MY_LOCK_H
#include<fcntl.h>
extern int lock_set(int fd,int type);
#endif
二、打开第一个终端
完成生产者的上述操作之后,不要关闭上面的终端。另外再打开一个终端。按如下操作: