Spring 定时器 No qualifying bean of type [org.springframework.scheduling.TaskScheduler] is defined

原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/oarsman/article/details/52801877
在项目中添加了定时任务后启动项目报告如下错误：

2018-04-28 15:43:28 [日志信息] Could not find default TaskScheduler bean
org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [org.springframework.scheduling.TaskScheduler] is defined
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.getBean(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:371)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.getBean(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:368)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.getBean(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:331)
    at org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.ScheduledAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.finishRegistration(ScheduledAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:183)
    at org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.ScheduledAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.onApplicationEvent(ScheduledAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:162)
    at org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.ScheduledAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.onApplicationEvent(ScheduledAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:85)
    at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.invokeListener(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:151)
    at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.multicastEvent(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:128)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.publishEvent(AbstractApplicationContext.java:331)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishRefresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:773)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:483)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:663)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.createWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:629)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.createWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:677)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:548)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initServletBean(FrameworkServlet.java:489)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.HttpServletBean.init(HttpServletBean.java:136)
    at javax.servlet.GenericServlet.init(GenericServlet.java:158)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.initServlet(StandardWrapper.java:1269)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.loadServlet(StandardWrapper.java:1182)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.load(StandardWrapper.java:1072)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.loadOnStartup(StandardContext.java:5368)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5660)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:145)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1571)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1561)
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(Unknown Source)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(Unknown Source)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(Unknown Source)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)
2018-04-28 15:43:28 [日志信息] Could not find default ScheduledExecutorService bean
org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No qualifying bean of type [org.springframework.scheduling.TaskScheduler] is defined
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.getBean(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:371)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.getBean(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:368)
    at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.getBean(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:331)
    at org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.ScheduledAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.finishRegistration(ScheduledAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:183)
    at org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.ScheduledAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.onApplicationEvent(ScheduledAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:162)
    at org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.ScheduledAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.onApplicationEvent(ScheduledAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:85)
    at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.invokeListener(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:151)
    at org.springframework.context.event.SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.multicastEvent(SimpleApplicationEventMulticaster.java:128)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.publishEvent(AbstractApplicationContext.java:331)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.finishRefresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:773)
    at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:483)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.configureAndRefreshWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:663)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.createWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:629)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.createWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:677)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initWebApplicationContext(FrameworkServlet.java:548)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.initServletBean(FrameworkServlet.java:489)
    at org.springframework.web.servlet.HttpServletBean.init(HttpServletBean.java:136)
    at javax.servlet.GenericServlet.init(GenericServlet.java:158)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.initServlet(StandardWrapper.java:1269)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.loadServlet(StandardWrapper.java:1182)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapper.load(StandardWrapper.java:1072)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.loadOnStartup(StandardContext.java:5368)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5660)
    at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:145)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1571)
    at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase$StartChild.call(ContainerBase.java:1561)
    at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(Unknown Source)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(Unknown Source)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(Unknown Source)
    at java.lang.Thread.run(Unknown Source)
2018-04-28 15:43:28 [日志信息] Returning cached instance of singleton bean 'sqlSessionFactory'
2018-04-28 15:43:28 [日志信息] Searching for key 'spring.liveBeansView.mbeanDomain' in [servletConfigInitParams]
2018-04-28 15:43:28 [日志信息] Searching for key 'spring.liveBeansView.mbeanDomain' in [servletContextInitParams]
2018-04-28 15:43:28 [日志信息] Searching for key 'spring.liveBeansView.mbeanDomain' in [jndiProperties]
2018-04-28 15:43:28 [日志信息] Looking up JNDI object with name [java:comp/env/spring.liveBeansView.mbeanDomain]
2018-04-28 15:43:28 [日志信息] Converted JNDI name [java:comp/env/spring.liveBeansView.mbeanDomain] not found - trying original name [spring.liveBeansView.mbeanDomain]. javax.naming.NameNotFoundException: Name [spring.liveBeansView.mbeanDomain] is not bound in this Context. Unable to find [spring.liveBeansView.mbeanDomain].
2018-04-28 15:43:28 [日志信息] Looking up JNDI object with name [spring.liveBeansView.mbeanDomain]
2018-04-28 15:43:28 [日志信息] JNDI lookup for name [spring.liveBeansView.mbeanDomain] threw NamingException with message: Name [spring.liveBeansView.mbeanDomain] is not bound in this Context. Unable to find [spring.liveBeansView.mbeanDomain].. Returning null.
2018-04-28 15:43:28 [日志信息] Searching for key 'spring.liveBeansView.mbeanDomain' in [systemProperties]
2018-04-28 15:43:28 [日志信息] Searching for key 'spring.liveBeansView.mbeanDomain' in [systemEnvironment]
2018-04-28 15:43:28 [日志信息] Could not find key 'spring.liveBeansView.mbeanDomain' in any property source. Returning [null]
2018-04-28 15:43:28 [日志信息] Published WebApplicationContext of servlet 'springmvc' as ServletContext attribute with name [org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.CONTEXT.springmvc]
2018-04-28 15:43:28 [日志信息] FrameworkServlet 'springmvc': initialization completed in 1097 ms
2018-04-28 15:43:28 [日志信息] Servlet 'springmvc' configured successfully
四月 28, 2018 3:43:28 下午 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol start
信息: Starting ProtocolHandler ["http-bio-8080"]
四月 28, 2018 3:43:28 下午 org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol start
信息: Starting ProtocolHandler ["ajp-bio-8009"]
四月 28, 2018 3:43:28 下午 org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start
信息: Server startup in 11707 ms

经测试项目能正常运行，定时任务也是能够正常运行的。
尝试着删掉了所有的定时任务配置，果然异常消失了。但是只要启用任何一个定时任务，异常都会再次出现。这可真可怕。作为一个强迫症患者，不能放任这样的异常存在，于是仔细的查找了半天，却依旧没有结果。最后只好放大招，读spring的源码啦，这一读，可好，差点没把我郁闷死。

为什么郁闷呢？ 不知道读这篇文章的朋友们有没有细心的，有没有注意这两个异常有一个非常特别的地方。什么地方呢？ 这两个异常的级别，不是ERROR 也不是 WARNING

哭 居然是DEBUG

原来，Spring的定时任务调度器会尝试获取一个注册过的 task scheduler来做任务调度，它会尝试通过BeanFactory.getBean的方法来获取一个注册过的scheduler bean，获取的步骤如下：

1.尝试从配置中找到一个TaskScheduler Bean

2.寻找ScheduledExecutorService Bean

3.使用默认的scheduler

前两步，如果找不到的话，就会以debug的方式抛出异常，分别是：

logger.debug(“Could not find default TaskScheduler bean”, ex);
logger.debug(“Could not find default ScheduledExecutorService bean”, ex);

所以，日志中打印出来的两个异常，根本不是什么错误信息，也不会影响定时器的使用，只不过是spring的自己打印的一些信息罢了，不过没搞明白，为什么非要用异常的方式打出来，估计是为了看这清晰点吧。也或者，这里面有一些重要的信息需要提示开发者。具体是什么原因，只能有机会进一步再去了解了。

-=————————————————————————–
解决办法：
既然提示容器中没有，在容器中添加这个Bean即可。配置类中可添加如下代码：

 @Bean
        public TaskScheduler scheduledExecutorService() {
         ThreadPoolTaskScheduler scheduler = new ThreadPoolTaskScheduler(); 
         scheduler.setPoolSize(8); 
         scheduler.setThreadNamePrefix("scheduled-thread-"); 
         return scheduler; 
         }

看来我也要去膜拜一下源码了。