function User(name){
this.name=name;
}
User.prototype.display = function(){
alert("User's name is:"+this.name);
}
var me = new User("test");
me.display();
JavaScript能够实现的面向对象的特征有:
·公有属性(public field)
·公有方法(public Method)
·私有属性(private field)
·私有方法(private field)
·方法重载(method overload)
·构造函数(constructor)
·事件(event)
·单一继承(single inherit)
·子类重写父类的属性或方法(override)
·静态属性或方法(static member)
例子一(JavaScript中允许添加行为的类型): 可以在类型上使用proptotype来为类型添加行为。这些行为只能在类型的实例上体现。 JS中允许的类型有Array, Boolean, Date, Enumerator, Error, Function, Number, Object, RegExp, String
- <script type= "text/javascript" >
- Object.prototype.Property = 1;
- Object.prototype.Method = function ()
- {
- alert(1);
- }
- var obj = new Object();
- alert(obj.Property);
- obj.Method();
- </script>
<script type="text/javascript">
Object.prototype.Property = 1;
Object.prototype.Method = function ()
{
alert(1);
}
var obj = new Object();
alert(obj.Property);
obj.Method();
</script>
例子二(prototype使用的限制): 在实例上不能使用prototype,否则发生编译错误
- <script type= "text/javascript" >
- var obj = new Object();
- obj.prototype.Property = 1; //Error
- //Error
- obj.prototype.Method = function ()
- {
- alert(1);
- }
- </script>
<script type="text/javascript">
var obj = new Object();
obj.prototype.Property = 1; //Error
//Error
obj.prototype.Method = function()
{
alert(1);
}
</script>
例子三(如何定义类型上的静态成员): 可以为类型定义“静态”的属性和方法,直接在类型上调用即可
- <script type= "text/javascript" >
- Object.Property = 1;
- Object.Method = function ()
- {
- alert(1);
- }
- alert(Object.Property);
- Object.Method();
- </script>
<script type="text/javascript">
Object.Property = 1;
Object.Method = function()
{
alert(1);
}
alert(Object.Property);
Object.Method();
</script>
例子五(): 这个例子演示了通常的在JavaScript中定义一个类型的方法
- <script type= "text/javascript" >
- function Aclass()
- {
- this .Property = 1;
- this .Method = function ()
- {
- alert(1);
- }
- }
- var obj = new Aclass();
- alert(obj.Property);
- obj.Method();
- </script>
<script type="text/javascript">
function Aclass()
{
this.Property = 1;
this.Method = function()
{
alert(1);
}
}
var obj = new Aclass();
alert(obj.Property);
obj.Method();
</script>
例子六(JavaScript中允许添加行为的类型): 可以在外部使用prototype为自定义的类型添加属性和方法。
- <script type= "text/javascript" >
- function Aclass()
- {
- this .Property = 1;
- this .Method = function ()
- {
- alert(1);
- }
- }
- Aclass.prototype.Property2 = 2;
- Aclass.prototype.Method2 = function
- {
- alert(2);
- }
- var obj = new Aclass();
- alert(obj.Property2);
- obj.Method2();
- </script>
<script type="text/javascript">
function Aclass()
{
this.Property = 1;
this.Method = function()
{
alert(1);
}
}
Aclass.prototype.Property2 = 2;
Aclass.prototype.Method2 = function
{
alert(2);
}
var obj = new Aclass();
alert(obj.Property2);
obj.Method2();
</script>
例子八(): 可以在对象上改变属性。(这个是肯定的)也可以在对象上改变方法。(和普遍的面向对象的概念不同)
- <script type= "text/javascript" >
- function Aclass()
- {
- this .Property = 1;
- this .Method = function ()
- {
- alert(1);
- }
- }
- var obj = new Aclass();
- obj.Property = 2;
- obj.Method = function ()
- {
- alert(2);
- }
- alert(obj.Property);
- obj.Method();
- </script>
<script type="text/javascript">
function Aclass()
{
this.Property = 1;
this.Method = function()
{
alert(1);
}
}
var obj = new Aclass();
obj.Property = 2;
obj.Method = function()
{
alert(2);
}
alert(obj.Property);
obj.Method();
</script>
例子九(): 可以在对象上增加属性或方法
- <script type= "text/javascript" >
- function Aclass()
- {
- this .Property = 1;
- this .Method = function ()
- {
- alert(1);
- }
- }
- var obj = new Aclass();
- obj.Property = 2;
- obj.Method = function ()
- {
- alert(2);
- }
- alert(obj.Property);
- obj.Method();
- </script>
<script type="text/javascript">
function Aclass()
{
this.Property = 1;
this.Method = function()
{
alert(1);
}
}
var obj = new Aclass();
obj.Property = 2;
obj.Method = function()
{
alert(2);
}
alert(obj.Property);
obj.Method();
</script>
例子十(如何让一个类型继承于另一个类型): 这个例子说明了一个类型如何从另一个类型继承。
- <script type= "text/javascript" >
- function AClass()
- {
- this .Property = 1;
- this .Method = function ()
- {
- alert(1);
- }
- }
- function AClass2()
- {
- this .Property2 = 2;
- this .Method2 = function ()
- {
- alert(2);
- }
- }
- AClass2.prototype = new AClass();
- var obj = new AClass2();
- alert(obj.Property);
- obj.Method();
- alert(obj.Property2);
- obj.Method2();
- </script>
<script type="text/javascript">
function AClass()
{
this.Property = 1;
this.Method = function()
{
alert(1);
}
}
function AClass2()
{
this.Property2 = 2;
this.Method2 = function()
{
alert(2);
}
}
AClass2.prototype = new AClass();
var obj = new AClass2();
alert(obj.Property);
obj.Method();
alert(obj.Property2);
obj.Method2();
</script>
例子十一(如何在子类中重新定义父类的成员): 这个例子说明了子类如何重写父类的属性或方法。
- <script type= "text/javascript" >
- function AClass()
- {
- this .Property = 1;
- this .Method = function ()
- {
- alert(1);
- }
- }
- function AClass2()
- {
- this .Property2 = 2;
- this .Method2 = function ()
- {
- alert(2);
- }
- }
- AClass2.prototype = new AClass();
- AClass2.prototype.Property = 3;
- AClass2.prototype.Method = function ()
- {
- alert(4);
- }
- var obj = new AClass2();
- alert(obj.Property);
- obj.Method();
- </script>