java mail学习笔记

JAVA邮件发送的简单实现

经过简单的学习，总结出java mail的发送分为以下几个步骤：

1：创建一个javax.mail.Authenticator的子类，并重写里面的getPasswordAuthentication()方法，次方法用于邮箱授权校验（当然，如果需要校验的话）。

2：创建一个properties文件，其中存方一些连接smtp邮件服务器的连接属性。

3：利用Authenticator和properties来创建一个Session，用于和smtp服务器进行交互。

4：创建javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage对象表示一封邮件，其中设置邮件的基本信息。

5：使用javax.mail.Transport来发送邮件。

以下是简单的实现代码：

package javamail.test;

import javax.mail.Authenticator;
import javax.mail.PasswordAuthentication;

public class MyAuthenticator extends Authenticator {
    private String userName;
    
    private String passWord;
    
    public MyAuthenticator(String userName, String passWord){
        this.userName = userName;
        this.passWord = passWord;
    }
    
    protected PasswordAuthentication getPasswordAuthentication(){  
        return new PasswordAuthentication(userName, passWord);  
    }
}

package javamail.test;

import java.util.Properties;

public class MailInfo {
    // 邮件服务器ip
    private String serverHost;
    // 邮件服务器端口
    private String serverPort = "25";
    // 发送者地址
    private String fromAddress;
    // 接收者地址
    private String toAddress;
    // 登录名
    private String userName;
    // 密码
    private String passWord;
    // 是否需要身份验证
    private boolean validate = false;
    // 主题
    private String subject;
    // 内容
    private String content;
    
    private MailInfo(MailInfoBuilder builder){
        this.serverHost = builder.serverHost;
        this.serverPort = builder.serverPort;
        this.fromAddress = builder.fromAddress;
        this.toAddress = builder.toAddress;
        this.userName = builder.userName;
        this.passWord = builder.passWord;
        this.validate = builder.validate;
        this.subject = builder.subject;
        this.content = builder.content;
    }
    
    /**
     * 生成Properties
     * @return
     */
    public Properties getProperties(){   
        Properties pro = new Properties();   
        pro.put("mail.smtp.host", this.serverHost);   
        pro.put("mail.smtp.port", this.serverPort);   
        pro.put("mail.smtp.auth", validate ? "true" : "false");   
        return pro;   
      } 

    public String getServerHost() {
        return serverHost;
    }

    public String getServerPort() {
        return serverPort;
    }

    public String getFromAddress() {
        return fromAddress;
    }

    public String getToAddress() {
        return toAddress;
    }

    public String getUserName() {
        return userName;
    }

    public String getPassWord() {
        return passWord;
    }

    public boolean isValidate() {
        return validate;
    }

    public String getSubject() {
        return subject;
    }

    public String getContent() {
        return content;
    }
    
    public static class MailInfoBuilder{
        private String serverHost;
        private String serverPort;
        private String fromAddress;
        private String toAddress;
        private String userName;
        private String passWord;
        private boolean validate = false;
        private String subject;
        private String content;
        
        public MailInfoBuilder setServerHost(String serverHost) {
            this.serverHost = serverHost;
            return this;
        }
        
        public MailInfoBuilder setServerPort(String serverPort) {
            this.serverPort = serverPort;
            return this;
        }
        
        public MailInfoBuilder setFromAddress(String fromAddress) {
            this.fromAddress = fromAddress;
            return this;
        }
        
        public MailInfoBuilder setToAddress(String toAddress) {
            this.toAddress = toAddress;
            return this;
        }
        
        public MailInfoBuilder setUserName(String userName) {
            this.userName = userName;
            return this;
        }
        
        public MailInfoBuilder setPassWord(String passWord) {
            this.passWord = passWord;
            return this;
        }
        
        public MailInfoBuilder setValidate(boolean validate) {
            this.validate = validate;
            return this;
        }
        
        public MailInfoBuilder setSubject(String subject) {
            this.subject = subject;
            return this;
        }
        
        public MailInfoBuilder setContent(String content) {
            this.content = content;
            return this;
        }
        
        public MailInfo build(){
            return new MailInfo(this);
        }
    }
    
}

package javamail.test;

import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Properties;

import javax.mail.BodyPart;
import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.MessagingException;
import javax.mail.Multipart;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeBodyPart;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMultipart;

public class MailSender {

    /**
     * text格式发送
     * 
     * @param mailInfo
     * @return
     */
    public boolean sendTextMail(MailInfo mailInfo) {
        // 判断是否需要身份认证
        MyAuthenticator authenticator = null;
        Properties pro = mailInfo.getProperties();
        if (mailInfo.isValidate()) {
            // 如果需要身份认证，则创建一个密码验证器
            authenticator = new MyAuthenticator(mailInfo.getUserName(), mailInfo.getPassWord());
        }
        // 根据邮件会话属性和密码验证器构造一个发送邮件的session
        Session sendMailSession = Session.getDefaultInstance(pro, authenticator);
        try {
            // 根据session创建一个邮件消息
            Message mailMessage = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession);
            // 设置邮件的发送人
            mailMessage.setFrom(new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getFromAddress()));
            // 设置邮件的接收人
            mailMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getToAddress()));
            // 设置邮件的主题
            mailMessage.setSubject(mailInfo.getSubject());
            // 设置邮件发送的时间
            mailMessage.setSentDate(new Date());
            // 设置邮件的内容
            mailMessage.setText(mailInfo.getContent());
            // 发送邮件
            Transport.send(mailMessage);
            return true;
        } catch (MessagingException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * html格式发送
     * 
     * @param mailInfo
     * @return
     */
    public boolean sendTHtmlMail(MailInfo mailInfo) {
        // 判断是否需要身份认证
        MyAuthenticator authenticator = null;
        Properties pro = mailInfo.getProperties();
        if (mailInfo.isValidate()) {
            // 如果需要身份认证，则创建一个密码验证器
            authenticator = new MyAuthenticator(mailInfo.getUserName(), mailInfo.getPassWord());
        }
        // 根据邮件会话属性和密码验证器构造一个发送邮件的session
        Session sendMailSession = Session.getDefaultInstance(pro, authenticator);
        try {
            // 根据session创建一个邮件消息
            Message mailMessage = new MimeMessage(sendMailSession);
            // 设置邮件的发送人
            mailMessage.setFrom(new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getFromAddress()));
            // 设置邮件的接收人
            mailMessage.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(mailInfo.getToAddress()));
            // 设置邮件的主题
            mailMessage.setSubject(mailInfo.getSubject());
            // 设置邮件发送的时间
            mailMessage.setSentDate(new Date());
            // MiniMultipart类是一个容器类，包含MimeBodyPart类型的对象
            Multipart mainPart = new MimeMultipart();
            // 创建一个包含HTML内容的MimeBodyPart
            BodyPart body = new MimeBodyPart();
            // 设置HTML内容
            body.setContent(mailInfo.getContent(), "text/html; charset=GBK");
            mainPart.addBodyPart(body);
            // 将MiniMultipart对象设置为邮件内容
            mailMessage.setContent(mainPart);
            // 设置邮件的内容
            mailMessage.setText(mailInfo.getContent());
            // 发送邮件
            Transport.send(mailMessage);
            return true;
        } catch (MessagingException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
        return false;
    }
}

package javamail.test;

public class DoSend {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        MailInfo mailInfo = new MailInfo.MailInfoBuilder()
                .setServerHost("*******.com")
                .setServerPort("25")
                .setValidate(false)
                .setFromAddress("***@**.com")
                .setUserName("")
                .setPassWord("")
                .setToAddress("***@**.com")
                .setSubject("邮件测试")
                .setContent("你好！").build();
        MailSender sender = new MailSender();
        sender.sendTHtmlMail(mailInfo);
    }
}