如何：实现接口事件（C# 编程指南）

 

C# 编程指南

如何：实现接口事件（C# 编程指南）

 

接口可声明 事件。下面的示例演示如何在类中实现接口事件。接口事件的实现规则与任何接口方法或属性的实现规则基本相同。

在类中实现接口事件

在类中声明事件，然后在适当的位置调用该事件。

复制代码

public interface IDrawingObject

{

    event EventHandler ShapeChanged;

}

public class MyEventArgs : EventArgs {…}

public class Shape : IDrawingObject

{

    event EventHandler ShapeChanged;

    void ChangeShape()

    {

        // Do something before the event…

        OnShapeChanged(new MyEventsArgs(…));

        // or do something after the event.

    }

    protected virtual void OnShapeChanged(MyEventArgs e)

    {

        if(ShapeChanged != null)

        {

           ShapeChanged(this, e);

        }

    }

}

示例

下面的示例演示如何处理以下的不常见情况：您的类是从两个以上的接口继承的，每个接口都含有同名事件）。在这种情况下，您至少要为其中一个事件提供显式接口实现。为事件编写显式接口实现时，必须编写 add 和 remove 事件访问器。这两个事件访问器通常由编译器提供，但在这种情况下编译器不能提供。

您可以提供自己的访问器，以便指定这两个事件是由您的类中的同一事件表示，还是由不同事件表示。例如，根据接口规范，如果事件应在不同时间引发，则可以将每个事件与类中的一个单独实现关联。在下面的示例中，订户将形状引用强制转换为 IShape 或 IDrawingObject，从而确定自己将会接收哪个 OnDraw 事件。

C#

复制代码

namespace WrapTwoInterfaceEvents

{

    using System;

 

    public interface IDrawingObject

    {

         // Raise this event before drawing

        // the object.

        event EventHandler OnDraw;

    }

    public interface IShape

    {

        // Raise this event after drawing

        // the shape.

        event EventHandler OnDraw;

    }

 

 

    // Base class event publisher inherits two

    // interfaces, each with an OnDraw event

    public class Shape : IDrawingObject, IShape

    {

        // Create an event for each interface event

        event EventHandler PreDrawEvent;

        event EventHandler PostDrawEvent;

 

        // Explicit interface implementation required.

        // Associate IDrawingObject's event with

        // PreDrawEvent

        event EventHandler IDrawingObject.OnDraw

        {

            add { PreDrawEvent += value; }

            remove { PreDrawEvent -= value; }

        }

        // Explicit interface implementation required.

        // Associate IShape's event with

        // PostDrawEvent

        event EventHandler IShape.OnDraw

        {

            add { PostDrawEvent += value; }

            remove { PostDrawEvent -= value; }

        }

 

        // For the sake of simplicity this one method

        // implements both interfaces.

        public void Draw()

        {

            // Raise IDrawingObject's event before the object is drawn.

            EventHandler handler = PreDrawEvent;

            if (handler != null )

            {

                handler( this , new EventArgs());

            }

            Console.WriteLine( "Drawing a shape." );

 

             // RaiseIShape's event after the object is drawn.

            handler = PostDrawEvent;

            if (handler != null )

            {

                handler( this , new EventArgs());

            }

        }

    }

    public class Subscriber1

    {

         // References the shape object as an IDrawingObject

        public Subscriber1(Shape shape)

        {

            IDrawingObject d = (IDrawingObject)shape;

            d.OnDraw += new EventHandler(d_OnDraw);

        }

 

        void d_OnDraw(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {

            Console.WriteLine( "Sub1 receives the IDrawingObject event." );

        }

    }

    // References the shape object as an IShape

    public class Subscriber2

    {

        public Subscriber2(Shape shape)

        {

            IShape d = (IShape)shape;

            d.OnDraw += new EventHandler(d_OnDraw);

        }

 

        void d_OnDraw(object sender, EventArgs e)

        {

            Console.WriteLine( "Sub2 receives the IShape event." );

        }

    }

 

 

    public class Program

    {

        static void Main( string [] args)

        {

            Shape shape = new Shape();

            Subscriber1 sub = new Subscriber1(shape);

            Subscriber2 sub2 = new Subscriber2(shape);

            shape.Draw();

 

            Console.WriteLine( "Press Enter to close this window." );

            Console.ReadLine();

        }

    }

 

}

输出

Sub1 receives the IDrawingObject event.

Drawing a shape.

Sub2 receives the IShape event.

 

 (来源：msdn )