消息中间件Rabbit Mq

1、RabbitMq 核心概念及AMQP协议

RabbitMq 高性能是如何做到的

     RabbitMq 是采用Erlang语言开发的， Erlang 最初用于交换机领域

     Erlang的优点 有着和sockte 语言一样的延迟和响应

2.使用brew来安装 RabbitMQ 与启动

brew install rabbitmq

安装成功

localhost:~ lidong$ brew install rabbitmq
Updating Homebrew...
==> Installing dependencies for rabbitmq: jpeg, libpng, libtiff, wxmac, erlang
==> Installing rabbitmq dependency: jpeg
==> Downloading https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/jpeg-8d.sierra.bottle.2.tar
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Pouring jpeg-8d.sierra.bottle.2.tar.gz
��  /usr/local/Cellar/jpeg/8d: 19 files, 708.3K
==> Installing rabbitmq dependency: libpng
==> Downloading https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/libpng-1.6.28.sierra.bottle
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Pouring libpng-1.6.28.sierra.bottle.tar.gz
��  /usr/local/Cellar/libpng/1.6.28: 26 files, 1.2M
==> Installing rabbitmq dependency: libtiff
==> Downloading https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/libtiff-4.0.7_1.sierra.bott
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Pouring libtiff-4.0.7_1.sierra.bottle.tar.gz
��  /usr/local/Cellar/libtiff/4.0.7_1: 248 files, 3.4M
==> Installing rabbitmq dependency: wxmac
==> Downloading https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/wxmac-3.0.2_4.sierra.bottle
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Pouring wxmac-3.0.2_4.sierra.bottle.tar.gz
��  /usr/local/Cellar/wxmac/3.0.2_4: 810 files, 24.6M
==> Installing rabbitmq dependency: erlang
==> Downloading https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/erlang-19.2.sierra.bottle.t
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Pouring erlang-19.2.sierra.bottle.tar.gz
==> Caveats
Man pages can be found in:
  /usr/local/opt/erlang/lib/erlang/man

Access them with `erl -man`, or add this directory to MANPATH.
==> Summary
��  /usr/local/Cellar/erlang/19.2: 7,310 files, 280.9M
==> Installing rabbitmq 
==> Using the sandbox
==> Downloading https://www.rabbitmq.com/releases/rabbitmq-server/v3.6.6/rabbitm
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> /usr/bin/unzip -qq -j /usr/local/Cellar/rabbitmq/3.6.6/plugins/rabbitmq_mana
==> Caveats
Management Plugin enabled by default at http://localhost:15672

Bash completion has been installed to:
  /usr/local/etc/bash_completion.d

To have launchd start rabbitmq now and restart at login:
  brew services start rabbitmq
Or, if you don't want/need a background service you can just run:
  rabbitmq-server
==> Summary
��  /usr/local/Cellar/rabbitmq/3.6.6: 188 files, 5.8M, built in 9 minutes 12

启动执行， sbin/rabbitmq-server

另外开一个窗口执行：./rabbitmq-plugins

在浏览器中访问：http://localhost:15672  账号： guest  密码 guest

当我们进入到sbin 的安装目录会有几个启动文件

cuttlefish          

rabbitmq-env        

rabbitmqadmin
rabbitmq-defaults    

rabbitmq-plugins    

管理插件
 ./rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management  

查看默认插件   ./rabbitmq-plugins list 

./rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_management
现在是6个插件
The following plugins have been configured:
  rabbitmq_amqp1_0
  rabbitmq_management
  rabbitmq_management_agent
  rabbitmq_mqtt
  rabbitmq_stomp
  rabbitmq_web_dispatch
Applying plugin configuration to rabbit@localhost...
Plugin configuration unchanged.

 

The following plugins have been configured:
  rabbitmq_amqp1_0
  rabbitmq_management
  rabbitmq_management_agent
  rabbitmq_mqtt
  rabbitmq_stomp
  rabbitmq_web_dispatch

通过./rabbitmq-plugins 可以查看命令

 

rabbitmqctl    控制

关闭服务 
./rabbitmqctl stop_app 

./rabbitmqctl  可以查看一些命令，添加用户 ，添加虚拟主机，认证用户等；  

rabbitmq-diagnostics

rabbitmq-server   

启动服务
./rabbitmq-server start 或者 ./rabbitmq-server 
./rabbitmq-server start & 表示后天启动
查看是否启动成功
lsof -i:5672
出现这样 的信息，则启动成功
COMMAND   PID  USER   FD   TYPE             DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
beam.smp 7898 lizhi   85u  IPv4 0x9c85d2cd7bc38149      0t0  TCP localhost:amqp

 

访问地址 http://localhost:15672/#/

查看rabbitmq 默认的一些插件

./rabbitmq-plugins list

————————————————————————————————
[E*] rabbitmq_amqp1_0                  3.7.6
[  ] rabbitmq_auth_backend_cache       3.7.6
[  ] rabbitmq_auth_backend_http        3.7.6
[  ] rabbitmq_auth_backend_ldap        3.7.6
[  ] rabbitmq_auth_mechanism_ssl       3.7.6
[  ] rabbitmq_consistent_hash_exchange 3.7.6
[  ] rabbitmq_event_exchange           3.7.6
[  ] rabbitmq_federation               3.7.6
[  ] rabbitmq_federation_management    3.7.6
[  ] rabbitmq_jms_topic_exchange       3.7.6
[E*] rabbitmq_management               3.7.6
[e*] rabbitmq_management_agent         3.7.6
[E*] rabbitmq_mqtt                     3.7.6
[  ] rabbitmq_peer_discovery_aws       3.7.6
[  ] rabbitmq_peer_discovery_common    3.7.6
[  ] rabbitmq_peer_discovery_consul    3.7.6
[  ] rabbitmq_peer_discovery_etcd      3.7.6
[  ] rabbitmq_peer_discovery_k8s       3.7.6
[  ] rabbitmq_random_exchange          3.7.6
[  ] rabbitmq_recent_history_exchange  3.7.6
[  ] rabbitmq_sharding                 3.7.6
[  ] rabbitmq_shovel                   3.7.6
[  ] rabbitmq_shovel_management        3.7.6
[E*] rabbitmq_stomp                    3.7.6
[  ] rabbitmq_top                      3.7.6
[  ] rabbitmq_tracing                  3.7.6
[  ] rabbitmq_trust_store              3.7.6
[e*] rabbitmq_web_dispatch             3.7.6
[  ] rabbitmq_web_mqtt                 3.7.6
[  ] rabbitmq_web_mqtt_examples        3.7.6
[  ] rabbitmq_web_stomp                3.7.6
[  ] rabbitmq_web_stomp_examples       3.7.6

命令行与管控台--基础操作

rabbitmqctl start_app
rabbitmqctl stop_app // 
rabbitmqctl sttus 节点状态
rabbitmqctl add_user username password; 添加用户
rabbitmqctl list_user 列出所有用户;
rabbitmqctl delete_user username 删除用户
rabbitmqctl clear_parameter [-p <vhost>] <component_name> <key> 清楚用户权限
包括设置虚拟主机
等等，需要用到再去具体查看

 

命令行与管控台--高级操作

./rabbitmqctl reset 移除说有数据， 要在./rabbitmqctl stop_app 之后执行

rabbitmqctl  join_cluster <clusterNode> [--ram] 组成集群命令 --ram 存储方式，有些是在内存中存储，磁盘或者一些其他的地方

rabbitmqctl change_cluster_node_type <disc|ram> ,修改节点的存储方式
rabbitmqctl forget_cluster_node [--offline] <existing_cluster_member_node> 忘记节点，摘除节点， --offline 支持在服务不启动的情况下忘记节点

rabbitmqctl  rename_cluster_node <oldnode1> <newnode1> [oldnode2] [newnode2] ... 重命名集群节点名称

AMQP高级消息队列协议

 

交换机和交换机类型

交换机是用来发送消息的AMQP实体。交换机拿到一个消息之后将它路由给一个或零个队列。它使用哪种路由算法是由交换机类型和被称作绑定（bindings）的规则所决定的。AMQP 0-9-1的代理提供了四种交换机

Name（交换机类型）	Default pre-declared names（预声明的默认名称）
Direct exchange（直连交换机）	(Empty string) and amq.direct
Fanout exchange（扇型交换机）	amq.fanout
Topic exchange（主题交换机）	amq.topic
Headers exchange（头交换机）	amq.match (and amq.headers in RabbitMQ)

AMQP 核心概念

 

 

查看该文档

http://rabbitmq.mr-ping.com/AMQP/AMQP_0-9-1_Model_Explained.html