@author:wepon
@blog:http://blog.csdn.net/u012162613/article/details/43523507
做人脸识别，首先要检测出图片/视频中的人脸，今天就研究了一下OpenCV的Python接口，把常用的一些功能模块写成函数。基于Python-OpenCV以及PIL，实现图片中人脸的检测以及截取保存、眼睛检测、笑脸检测。下面简单总结一下。
一、软件安装
安装Python-OpenCV以及其依赖库、PIL，通过软件包管理器安装即可（Ubuntu系统）：
安装完后，在”/usr/share/opencv/haarcascades/”目录下，可以看到很多的xml文件，如下图。这些文件保存的就是训练好之后的haar特征，关于人脸检测的haar分类器，推荐博文:《浅析人脸检测之Haar分类器方法》、《目标检测的图像特征提取之（三）Haar特征》。本文不阐述原理，只介绍怎么用这些xml文件来进行人脸检测。
二、python-opencv实现人脸检测
- 人脸检测
定义人脸检测函数detectFaces()，检测图片中所有出现的人脸，并返回人脸的矩形坐标（矩形左上、右下顶点坐标）。使用上面提到的xml文件（haar特征），haarcascades目录下有好几个是关于人脸检测的文件，这里选择haarcascade_frontalface_default.xml，当然也可以使用其他的。另外需要注意的是，必须以灰度图作为haar分类器的输入。
<span class="kwd" style="color: rgb(240, 230, 140); font-weight: bold;">def</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> detectFaces</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">image_name</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">):</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
img </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> cv2</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">imread</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">image_name</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">)</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
face_cascade </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> cv2</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">.</span><span class="typ" style="color: rgb(152, 251, 152);">CascadeClassifier</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">(</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(255, 160, 160);">"/usr/share/opencv/haarcascades/haarcascade_frontalface_default.xml"</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">)</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: rgb(240, 230, 140); font-weight: bold;">if</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> img</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">ndim </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">==</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(205, 92, 92);">3</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">:</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
gray </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> cv2</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">cvtColor</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">img</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> cv2</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">COLOR_BGR2GRAY</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">)</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: rgb(240, 230, 140); font-weight: bold;">else</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">:</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
gray </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> img </span><span class="com" style="color: rgb(135, 206, 235);">#if语句：如果img维度为3，说明不是灰度图，先转化为灰度图gray，如果不为3，也就是2，原图就是灰度图</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
faces </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> face_cascade</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">detectMultiScale</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">gray</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(205, 92, 92);">1.2</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(205, 92, 92);">5</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">)#</span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(205, 92, 92);">1.3</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">和</span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(205, 92, 92);">5</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">是特征的最小、最大检测窗口，它改变检测结果也会改变</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
result </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">[]</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: rgb(240, 230, 140); font-weight: bold;">for</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">x</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">y</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">width</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">height</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">)</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </span><span class="kwd" style="color: rgb(240, 230, 140); font-weight: bold;">in</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> faces</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">:</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
result</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">append</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">((</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">x</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">y</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">x</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">+</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">width</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">y</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">+</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">height</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">))</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: rgb(240, 230, 140); font-weight: bold;">return</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> result</span>
代码很好理解，先加载xml文件生成级联分类器face_cascade，然后用这个级联分类器对灰度图进行检测face_cascade.detectMultiScale(gray, 1.2, 5)，返回值即图片中所有人脸的坐标(x,y,w,h)，在上面的函数中，我们转化了一下，使得函数返回的是人脸矩形的左上、右下顶点坐标。（注：坐标零点即原始图像左上顶点，往下y增加，往右x增加）。
- 截取保存人脸图
上面的detectFaces函数我们获得了图片中所有人脸的坐标，在有些时候，我们希望把人脸截取出来，然后进行下一步操作（比如做人脸身份识别、表情识别等），保存人脸图的函数如下，使用了PIL的Image模块：
<span class="kwd" style="color: rgb(240, 230, 140); font-weight: bold;">def</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> saveFaces</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">image_name</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">):</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
faces </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> detectFaces</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">image_name</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">)</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: rgb(240, 230, 140); font-weight: bold;">if</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> faces</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">:</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</span><span class="com" style="color: rgb(135, 206, 235);">#将人脸保存在save_dir目录下。</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</span><span class="com" style="color: rgb(135, 206, 235);">#Image模块：Image.open获取图像句柄，crop剪切图像(剪切的区域就是detectFaces返回的坐标)，save保存。</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
save_dir </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> image_name</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">split</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">(</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(255, 160, 160);">'.'</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">)[</span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(205, 92, 92);">0</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">]+</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(255, 160, 160);">"_faces"</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
os</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">mkdir</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">save_dir</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">)</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
count </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(205, 92, 92);">0</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: rgb(240, 230, 140); font-weight: bold;">for</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">x1</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">y1</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">x2</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">y2</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">)</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </span><span class="kwd" style="color: rgb(240, 230, 140); font-weight: bold;">in</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> faces</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">:</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
file_name </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> os</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">path</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">join</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">save_dir</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">str</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">count</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">)+</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(255, 160, 160);">".jpg"</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">)</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</span><span class="typ" style="color: rgb(152, 251, 152);">Image</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">open</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">image_name</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">).</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">crop</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">((</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">x1</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">y1</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">x2</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">y2</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">)).</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">save</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">file_name</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">)</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
count</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">+=</span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(205, 92, 92);">1</span>
- 框出人脸
有些时候，为了展示或者方便观察，需要在原始图像上框出人脸，用矩形将人脸框出，这个功能的实现如下，主要用到PIL的ImageDraw模块（另外，opencv也有画矩形工具，也可以实现）：
<span class="com" style="color: rgb(135, 206, 235);">#在原图像上画矩形，框出所有人脸。</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</span><span class="com" style="color: rgb(135, 206, 235);">#调用Image模块的draw方法，Image.open获取图像句柄，ImageDraw.Draw获取该图像的draw实例，然后调用该draw实例的rectangle方法画矩形(矩形的坐标即</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</span><span class="com" style="color: rgb(135, 206, 235);">#detectFaces返回的坐标)，outline是矩形线条颜色(B,G,R)。</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</span><span class="com" style="color: rgb(135, 206, 235);">#注：原始图像如果是灰度图，则去掉outline，因为灰度图没有RGB可言。drawEyes、detectSmiles也一样。</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: rgb(240, 230, 140); font-weight: bold;">def</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> drawFaces</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">image_name</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">):</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
faces </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> detectFaces</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">image_name</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">)</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: rgb(240, 230, 140); font-weight: bold;">if</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> faces</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">:</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
img </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </span><span class="typ" style="color: rgb(152, 251, 152);">Image</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">open</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">image_name</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">)</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
draw_instance </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </span><span class="typ" style="color: rgb(152, 251, 152);">ImageDraw</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">.</span><span class="typ" style="color: rgb(152, 251, 152);">Draw</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">img</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">)</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: rgb(240, 230, 140); font-weight: bold;">for</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">x1</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">y1</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">x2</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">y2</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">)</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </span><span class="kwd" style="color: rgb(240, 230, 140); font-weight: bold;">in</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> faces</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">:</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
draw_instance</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">rectangle</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">((</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">x1</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">y1</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">x2</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">y2</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">),</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> outline</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">=(</span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(205, 92, 92);">255</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(205, 92, 92);">0</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(205, 92, 92);">0</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">))</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
img</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">save</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">(</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(255, 160, 160);">'drawfaces_'</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">+</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">image_name</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">)</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</span>
好了，先看一下效果，运行drawFaces(‘obama.jpg’)，得到右图：
运行saveFaces(‘obama.jpg’)，将在当前目录下生成一个文件夹，并保存上面框出来的人脸，当然，有一些人脸没被检测出来，有些不是人脸被误认为人脸。
- 眼睛检测
在haarcascades目录下，也有一些关于眼睛检测的xml文件。可以像函数detectFaces()那样，将检测face的xml文件换成检测eyes的xml文件即可。但是，由于眼睛在人脸上，我们往往是先检测出人脸，再细入地检测眼睛。故detectEyes可在detectFaces基础上来进行，代码中需要注意“相对坐标”。detectEyes()函数同样返回所有eyes在原图中的坐标。
<span class="kwd" style="color: rgb(240, 230, 140); font-weight: bold;">def</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> detectEyes</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">image_name</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">):</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
eye_cascade </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> cv2</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">.</span><span class="typ" style="color: rgb(152, 251, 152);">CascadeClassifier</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">(</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(255, 160, 160);">'/usr/share/opencv/haarcascades/haarcascade_eye.xml'</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">)</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
faces </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> detectFaces</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">image_name</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">)</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
img </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> cv2</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">imread</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">image_name</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">)</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
gray </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> cv2</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">cvtColor</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">img</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> cv2</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">COLOR_BGR2GRAY</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">)</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
result </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">[]</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: rgb(240, 230, 140); font-weight: bold;">for</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">x1</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">y1</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">x2</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">y2</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">)</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </span><span class="kwd" style="color: rgb(240, 230, 140); font-weight: bold;">in</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> faces</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">:</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
roi_gray </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> gray</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">[</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">y1</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">:</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">y2</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> x1</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">:</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">x2</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">]</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
eyes </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> eye_cascade</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">detectMultiScale</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">roi_gray</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(205, 92, 92);">1.3</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(205, 92, 92);">2</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">)</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: rgb(240, 230, 140); font-weight: bold;">for</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">ex</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">ey</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">ew</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">eh</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">)</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </span><span class="kwd" style="color: rgb(240, 230, 140); font-weight: bold;">in</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> eyes</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">:</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
result</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">append</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">((</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">x1</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">+</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">ex</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">y1</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">+</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">ey</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">x1</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">+</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">ex</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">+</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">ew</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">y1</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">+</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">ey</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">+</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">eh</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">))</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: rgb(240, 230, 140); font-weight: bold;">return</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> result</span>
- 框出眼睛
<span class="kwd" style="color: rgb(240, 230, 140); font-weight: bold;">def</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> drawEyes</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">image_name</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">):</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
eyes </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> detectEyes</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">image_name</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">)</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: rgb(240, 230, 140); font-weight: bold;">if</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> eyes</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">:</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
img </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </span><span class="typ" style="color: rgb(152, 251, 152);">Image</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">open</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">image_name</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">)</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
draw_instance </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </span><span class="typ" style="color: rgb(152, 251, 152);">ImageDraw</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">.</span><span class="typ" style="color: rgb(152, 251, 152);">Draw</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">img</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">)</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: rgb(240, 230, 140); font-weight: bold;">for</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">x1</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">y1</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">x2</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">y2</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">)</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </span><span class="kwd" style="color: rgb(240, 230, 140); font-weight: bold;">in</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> eyes</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">:</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
draw_instance</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">rectangle</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">((</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">x1</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">y1</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">x2</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">y2</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">),</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> outline</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">=(</span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(205, 92, 92);">0</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(205, 92, 92);">0</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(205, 92, 92);">255</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">))</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
img</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">save</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">(</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(255, 160, 160);">'draweyes_'</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">+</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">image_name</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">)</span>
运行drawEyes(‘obama.jpg’)，看下效果，非常差：
- 笑脸检测
<span class="kwd" style="color: rgb(240, 230, 140); font-weight: bold;">def</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> detectSmiles</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">image_name</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">):</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
img </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> cv2</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">imread</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">image_name</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">)</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
smiles_cascade </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> cv2</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">.</span><span class="typ" style="color: rgb(152, 251, 152);">CascadeClassifier</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">(</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(255, 160, 160);">"/usr/share/opencv/haarcascades/haarcascade_smile.xml"</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">)</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: rgb(240, 230, 140); font-weight: bold;">if</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> img</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">ndim </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">==</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(205, 92, 92);">3</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">:</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
gray </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> cv2</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">cvtColor</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">img</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> cv2</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">COLOR_BGR2GRAY</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">)</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: rgb(240, 230, 140); font-weight: bold;">else</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">:</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
gray </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> img </span><span class="com" style="color: rgb(135, 206, 235);">#if语句：如果img维度为3，说明不是灰度图，先转化为灰度图gray，如果不为3，也就是2，原图就是灰度图</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
smiles </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> smiles_cascade</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">detectMultiScale</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">gray</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(205, 92, 92);">4</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(205, 92, 92);">5</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">)</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
result </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">[]</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: rgb(240, 230, 140); font-weight: bold;">for</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">x</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">y</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">width</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">height</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">)</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </span><span class="kwd" style="color: rgb(240, 230, 140); font-weight: bold;">in</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> smiles</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">:</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
result</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">append</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">((</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">x</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">y</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">x</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">+</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">width</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">y</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">+</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">height</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">))</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: rgb(240, 230, 140); font-weight: bold;">return</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> result
</span>
- 框出笑脸
<span class="kwd" style="color: rgb(240, 230, 140); font-weight: bold;">def</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> drawSmiles</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">image_name</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">):</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
smiles </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> detectSmiles</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">image_name</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">)</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: rgb(240, 230, 140); font-weight: bold;">if</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> smiles</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">:</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
img </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </span><span class="typ" style="color: rgb(152, 251, 152);">Image</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">open</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">image_name</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">)</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
draw_instance </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">=</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </span><span class="typ" style="color: rgb(152, 251, 152);">ImageDraw</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">.</span><span class="typ" style="color: rgb(152, 251, 152);">Draw</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">img</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">)</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
</span><span class="kwd" style="color: rgb(240, 230, 140); font-weight: bold;">for</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">(</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">x1</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">y1</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">x2</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">y2</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">)</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </span><span class="kwd" style="color: rgb(240, 230, 140); font-weight: bold;">in</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> smiles</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">:</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
draw_instance</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">rectangle</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">((</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">x1</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">y1</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">x2</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">y2</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">),</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> outline</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">=(</span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(205, 92, 92);">100</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);"> </span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(205, 92, 92);">100</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">,</span><span class="lit" style="color: rgb(205, 92, 92);">0</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">))</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">
img</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">.</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">save</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">(</span><span class="str" style="color: rgb(255, 160, 160);">'drawsmiles_'</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">+</span><span class="pln" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">image_name</span><span class="pun" style="color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">)</span>
运行drawSmiles(‘obama.jpg’)，看下效果，奥巴马的眼睛会笑了：
总之，利用opencv里训练好的haar特征的xml文件，在图片上检测出人脸（眼睛、鼻子、笑脸…）的坐标，利用这个坐标，我们可以将人脸区域剪切保存，也可以在原图上将人脸框出。剪切保存人脸以及用矩形工具框出人脸，本程序使用的是PIL里的Image、ImageDraw模块。此外也可以用opencv里的画图工具画矩形。
代码文件放在我的github上：wepe/OpenCV-demo/FaceDetection_python-opencv
参考：
1、OpenCV-Python Tutorials » Object Detection » Face Detection using Haar Cascades
2、 Python Imaging Library Handbook
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