python学习--类的相关总结

1.类的申明 class 类名(object): #默认是继承object类

2.类中的方法申明如 def getName(self,参数): #切记需要self

3.实体对象引用如 a=A();报错需要a=A.A();

以下是实体对象转dictionary类型总结：

第一种实体bean申明方式

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
class Person(object):
   #可以有多个属性
   def __init__(self, name, id):
      self.name = name;
      self.id = id;

第二种实体bean申明方式（类似于java bean）

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
class Person(object):

    def set_id(self,id):
        self.id=id;
       
    def set_name(self,name):
        self.name=name;
     
    def get_id(self):
        return self.id;
     
    def get_name(self):
        return self.name;

转换类

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import json;
'''字典和实体bean相互转换以及字典转json字符串'''
class DictAndInterchange(object):
        #实体bean转dict
    def objectTodict(self,obj):
            #convert object to a dict
            d = {}
            d.update(obj.__dict__)
            return d;
        #dict转实体bean obj=Obj(val1,val2....);无get/set方法
    def dictToClass(self,d,class_):
            args = dict((key.encode('ascii'), value) for key, value in d.items());
            inst = class_(**args) #create new instance
            return inst;
        #dict转实体bean obj=Obj();get/set方法
    def dictToClassV2(self,d,class_):
            inst=class_();
            for key in d:
                setattr(class_, key, d[key])
            return inst;
    def dictToJsonStr(self,d):
         #ensure_ascii=False表示中文不转ascii码
        return json.dumps(d, sort_keys=True, indent=4, ensure_ascii=False);

测试类：

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import Person;
import DictAndClassInterchange;
class MyTest(object):
    if __name__  == '__main__':
        mytest=DictAndClassInterchange.DictAndInterchange();
        t={"id":"2","name":"名称"};
        p1=mytest.dictToClass(t, Person.Person);
        print "dict2Class字典方法转类对象："+p1.name;
        p=Person.Person("1","名称1");
        o=mytest.objectTodict(p);
        print "类转字典："+o["name"];
        print "字典转json："+mytest.dictToJsonStr(o);

输出结果：

dict2Class字典方法转类对象：名称
类转字典：名称1
字典转json：{
    "id": "1",
    "name": "名称1"
}

测试类2：对应第二种bean

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
import Person;
import DictAndClassInterchange;
class MyTest(object):
    if __name__  == '__main__':
        mytest=DictAndClassInterchange.DictAndInterchange();
        t={"id":"2","name":"名称"};
        p2=mytest.dictToClassV2(t, Person.Person);
        print "dictToClassV2字典方法转类对象："+p2.name;
        p=Person.Person();
        p.set_id("1");  
        p.set_name("名称1");
        o=mytest.objectTodict(p);
        print "类转字典："+o["name"];
        print "字典转json："+mytest.dictToJsonStr(o);

输出：

dictToClassV2字典方法转类对象：名称
类转字典：名称1
字典转json：{
    "id": "1",
    "name": "名称1"
}