需求
目标
模拟实现一个基于文本界面的《家庭记账软件》
需求
实现
第一次实现版
package com.oceanstar;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class FamilyAccount {
private static int baseMoney = 10000;
private static String datails = "";
private static Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
public static void mainMenu(){
System.out.print("-----------------家庭收支记账软件-----------------\n" +
"1 收支明细\n" +
"2 登记收入\n" +
"3 登记支出\n" +
"4 退 出\n" +
"请选择(1-4):");
}
public static void income(){
System.out.print("本次收入金额:");
int t = scanner.nextInt();
if (t < 0){
System.out.println("请输入一个正整数");
return;
}
baseMoney = baseMoney + t;
System.out.print("本次收入说明:");
String s = scanner.next();
datails = datails + "收入\t" + baseMoney + "\t" + t + "\t" + s + "\n";
}
public static void pay(){
System.out.print("本次支出金额:");
int t = scanner.nextInt();
if (t < 0){
System.out.println("请输入一个正整数");
return;
}
baseMoney = baseMoney - t;
System.out.print("本次支出说明:");
String s = scanner.next();
datails = datails + "支出\t" + baseMoney + "\t" + t + "\t" + s + "\n";
}
public static void showdetails(){
System.out.println("-----------------当前收支明细记录-----------------");
System.out.println("收支\t账户金额\t收支金额\t说明");
System.out.println(datails);
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
while (true){
mainMenu();
Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
int type = scanner.nextInt();
if (type == 4){
break;
}else if (type == 1){
showdetails();
}else if (type == 2){
income();
}else if (type == 3){
pay();
}
}
}
}
评价:好混乱,而且没有错误处理机制:比如nextInt()只能输入int类型的数据,如果不小心输入字符串就会出现异常
改进:以后写程序时注意尽量不要把输入提示和操作混合再一起
第二版
package com.oceanstar;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class FamilyAccount {
private static Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);
// 一定能得到n位数
public static String readKeyBoard(int limit) {
String line = "";
while (scanner.hasNext()) {
line = scanner.nextLine();
if (line.length() < 1 || line.length() > limit) {
System.out.print("输入长度(不大于" + limit + ")错误,请重新输入:");
continue;
}
break;
}
return line;
}
public static String readString(){
// 因为这个函数得到的已经是小于等于8长度的字符串了,所以不需要处理,直接返回即可
return readKeyBoard(8); // 各个函数一定是相对封闭的,写函数的时候要确保这个函数独立正确
}
// 直到输入正确才跳出循环: 这里它确保了输入正确
private static char readMenuSelection(){
char c;
for (; ; ) {
String str = readKeyBoard(1);
c = str.charAt(0);
if (c != '1' && c != '2' && c != '3' && c != '4') {
System.out.print("选择错误,请重新输入:");
} else
break;
}
return c;
}
// 确保能够得到'Y', 'y', 'N', 'n'
private static char readConfirmSelection(){
char c;
for (; ; ) {
String str = readKeyBoard(1);
c = str.charAt(0);
if (c != 'Y' && c != 'y' && c != 'N' && c != 'n') {
System.out.print("选择错误,请重新输入:");
} else
break;
}
return c;
}
// 直到输入正确才能跳出循环
private static int readNumber(){
int i = 0;
for (; ; ) {
String str = readKeyBoard(4);
try {
i = Integer.parseInt(str);
if (i < 0){
throw new Exception("必须输入一个正整数");
}
break;
}catch (Exception e){
System.out.print("必须输入一个正整数:");
}
}
return i;
}
public static void main(String[] args) {
int balance = 10000;
String details = "";
while (true){
System.out.print("-----------------家庭收支记账软件-----------------\n" +
"1 收支明细\n" +
"2 登记收入\n" +
"3 登记支出\n" +
"4 退 出\n" +
"请选择(1-4):");
char c = readMenuSelection(); // 工具一定是正确的输出
switch (c){
case '1':
System.out.println("-----------------当前收支明细记录-----------------");
System.out.println("收支\t账户金额\t收支金额\t说明");
System.out.println(details);
System.out.println("---------------------------------------------");
break;
case '2':
System.out.println("----------------------本次收入-----------------------");
System.out.print("本次收入金额:");
int t = readNumber();// 工具得到的数一定是正整数
balance = balance + t;
System.out.print("本次收入说明:");
String s = readString();
details = details + "收入\t" + balance + "\t" + t + "\t" + s + "\n";
System.out.println("---------------------登记完成-------------------");
break;
case '3':
System.out.println("----------------------本次支出-----------------------");
System.out.print("本次支出金额:");
int t1 = readNumber();// 工具得到的数一定是正整数
if (t1 > balance){
System.out.println("余额不足");
break;
}
balance = balance - t1;
System.out.print("本次支出说明:");
String s1 = readString();
details = details + "支出\t" + balance + "\t" + t1 + "\t" + s1 + "\n";
System.out.println("---------------------登记完成-------------------");
break;
case '4':
System.out.print("确认是否退出(Y/N):");
char d = Character.toLowerCase(readConfirmSelection());
if (d == 'y'){
return;
}
break;
}
}
}
}
最大感触:
*写程序时注意尽量不要把输入提示和操作混合再一起
- 尽量拦住不正确的操作