//sysmets.h头文件没有列出来
/*----------------------------------------------------
SYSMETS2.C -- System Metrics Display Program No. 2
(c) Charles Petzold, 1998
----------------------------------------------------*/
#define WINVER 0x0500
#include <windows.h>
#include "sysmets.h"
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc (HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM) ;
int WINAPI WinMain (HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
PSTR szCmdLine, int iCmdShow)
{
static TCHAR szAppName[] = TEXT ("SysMets2") ;
HWND hwnd ;
MSG msg ;
WNDCLASS wndclass ;
wndclass.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW ;
wndclass.lpfnWndProc = WndProc ;
wndclass.cbClsExtra = 0 ;
wndclass.cbWndExtra = 0 ;
wndclass.hInstance = hInstance ;
wndclass.hIcon = LoadIcon (NULL, IDI_APPLICATION) ;
wndclass.hCursor = LoadCursor (NULL, IDC_ARROW) ;
wndclass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH) GetStockObject (WHITE_BRUSH) ;
wndclass.lpszMenuName = NULL ;
wndclass.lpszClassName = szAppName ;
if (!RegisterClass (&wndclass))
{
MessageBox (NULL, TEXT ("This program requires Windows NT!"),
szAppName, MB_ICONERROR) ;
return 0 ;
}
hwnd = CreateWindow (szAppName, TEXT ("Get System Metrics No. 2"),
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW | WS_VSCROLL, //加了垂直滚动条
CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT,
NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL) ;
ShowWindow (hwnd, iCmdShow) ;
UpdateWindow (hwnd) ;
while (GetMessage (&msg, NULL, 0, 0))
{
TranslateMessage (&msg) ;
DispatchMessage (&msg) ;
}
return msg.wParam ;
}
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc (HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
static int cxChar, cxCaps, cyChar, cyClient, iVscrollPos ;
HDC hdc ;
int i, y ;
PAINTSTRUCT ps ;
TCHAR szBuffer[10] ;
TEXTMETRIC tm ;
switch (message)
{
case WM_CREATE:
//获取字体大小等信息
hdc = GetDC (hwnd) ;
GetTextMetrics (hdc, &tm) ;
cxChar = tm.tmAveCharWidth ;
cxCaps = (tm.tmPitchAndFamily & 1 ? 3 : 2) * cxChar / 2 ;
cyChar = tm.tmHeight + tm.tmExternalLeading ;
ReleaseDC (hwnd, hdc) ;
//设置滚动条的变化范围和初始位置
SetScrollRange (hwnd, SB_VERT, 0, NUMLINES - 1, FALSE);//可以查看MSDN
SetScrollPos (hwnd, SB_VERT, iVscrollPos, TRUE) ;
return 0 ;
case WM_SIZE:
cyClient = HIWORD (lParam) ; //WM_SIZE消息HIWORD (lParam) 为客户区高度,L0WORD(lparam)为客户区宽度,不清楚可以查看MSDN的说明
return 0 ;
case WM_VSCROLL://点击滚动条时会产生WM_SCROLL消息,该消息LOWORD (wParam)为通知码
switch (LOWORD (wParam))
{
case SB_LINEUP:
iVscrollPos -= 1 ;
break ;
case SB_LINEDOWN:
iVscrollPos += 1 ;
break ;
case SB_PAGEUP:
iVscrollPos -= cyClient / cyChar ;
break ;
case SB_PAGEDOWN:
iVscrollPos += cyClient / cyChar ;
break ;
case SB_THUMBPOSITION:
iVscrollPos = HIWORD (wParam) ;//当通知吗为SB_THUMBPOSITION时,HIWORD(wParam)保存滚动条的位置
break ;
default :
break ;
}
iVscrollPos = max (0, min (iVscrollPos, NUMLINES - 1)) ;
//GetScrollPos 函数返回的是先前滚动条的位置,但现在的位置和先前的位置不一致时,设置现在的位置为当前位置,并且使得整个客户区无效
if (iVscrollPos != GetScrollPos (hwnd, SB_VERT))
{
SetScrollPos (hwnd, SB_VERT, iVscrollPos, TRUE) ;
InvalidateRect (hwnd, NULL, TRUE) ;
}
return 0 ;
case WM_PAINT:
//画图
hdc = BeginPaint (hwnd, &ps) ;
for (i = 0 ; i < NUMLINES ; i++)
{
y = cyChar * (i - iVscrollPos) ;//当点击滚动条后,使得客户区无效,产生WM_PAINT消息,这条语句是用来控制一个窗口将显示哪些行。不清楚也没关系,学习windows程序设计,不要弄懂每个细节,知道流程就可以了
TextOut (hdc, 0, y,
sysmetrics[i].szLabel,
lstrlen (sysmetrics[i].szLabel)) ;
TextOut (hdc, 22 * cxCaps, y,
sysmetrics[i].szDesc,
lstrlen (sysmetrics[i].szDesc)) ;
SetTextAlign (hdc, TA_RIGHT | TA_TOP) ;
TextOut (hdc, 22 * cxCaps + 40 * cxChar, y, szBuffer,
wsprintf (szBuffer, TEXT ("%5d"),
GetSystemMetrics (sysmetrics[i].iIndex))) ;
SetTextAlign (hdc, TA_LEFT | TA_TOP) ;
}
EndPaint (hwnd, &ps) ;
return 0 ;
case WM_DESTROY:
PostQuitMessage (0) ;
return 0 ;
}
return DefWindowProc (hwnd, message, wParam, lParam) ;
}
程序执行流程:
首先执行WM_CREATE进行相关滚动条和字体初始化
接着执行WM_SIZE消息获取客户区大小
在执行WM_PAINT消息,在窗口显示出结构体三个成员的内容
最后当有滚动条消息时,执行WM_VSCROLL消息,然后使得窗口无效
窗口无效后又执行WM_PAINT消息(这条消息要进入队列)
该程序第一次加入了滚动条,滚动和菜单都是属于主窗口的一部分,WM_VSCROLL消息以及点击某一个菜单产生WM_COMMAND消息都是发到到主窗口的窗口过程,后面还会学习到子窗口,要区分清楚
提醒各位:
学习windows程序设计,掌握流程就可以了,千万不要在细节上下太多时间,毕竟现在很少要windows api直接开发,一般用mfc之类的东西!因为使用windows api来开发,建立一个窗口都要几十行的代码,没有人愿意这么做