python画图库-matplotlib

python画图库-matplotlib

直线图

import numpy as np 
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt 
 
x = np.arange(1,11) 
y =  2  * x +  5 
plt.title("Matplotlib demo") 
plt.xlabel("x axis caption") 
plt.ylabel("y axis caption") 
plt.plot(x,y) 
plt.show()

柱状图

from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
import matplotlib
# fname 为 你下载的字体库路径，注意 SimHei.ttf 字体的路径
zhfont1 = matplotlib.font_manager.FontProperties(fname="SimHei.ttf")
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei']  # 设置显示中文
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False
#n =  ['一月','二月','三月','四月','五月','六月']
y =  [100,250,200,350,210,500]
#x = list(range(len(n)) )
#plt.xticks(x,n,rotation=90)
x = ['一月','二月','三月','四月','五月','六月']
plt.bar(x, y)
plt.title('前6个月的产量',fontproperties=zhfont1,fontsize=20)
plt.ylabel('数量/万',fontproperties=zhfont1)
plt.xlabel('时间/月份',fontproperties=zhfont1)
plt.show()

折线图

import numpy as np
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
import matplotlib
# fname 为 你下载的字体库路径，注意 SimHei.ttf 字体的路径
zhfont1 = matplotlib.font_manager.FontProperties(fname="SimHei.ttf")
matplotlib.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['Microsoft YaHei']
x = ['1号','2号','3号','4号','5号','6号','7号','8号','9号','10号']
y = [33,14,22,34,21,34,33,38,19,24]

plt.title("1-10号天气情况",fontproperties=zhfont1)
plt.xlabel("时间/天",fontproperties=zhfont1)
plt.ylabel("温度/。C",fontproperties=zhfont1)
plt.plot(x, y,color='blue', linewidth=1.0)
my_x_ticks = np.arange(0, 10, 1)
plt.show()

散点图

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.transforms as mtransforms
import numpy as np


xs = np.arange(7)
ys = xs**2

fig = plt.figure(figsize=(5, 10))
ax = plt.subplot(2, 1, 1)

# If we want the same offset for each text instance,
# we only need to make one transform.  To get the
# transform argument to offset_copy, we need to make the axes
# first; the subplot command above is one way to do this.
trans_offset = mtransforms.offset_copy(ax.transData, fig=fig,
                                       x=0.05, y=0.10, units='inches')

for x, y in zip(xs, ys):
    plt.plot(x, y, 'ro')
    plt.text(x, y, '%d, %d' % (int(x), int(y)), transform=trans_offset)


# offset_copy works for polar plots also.
ax = plt.subplot(2, 1, 2, projection='polar')

trans_offset = mtransforms.offset_copy(ax.transData, fig=fig,
                                       y=6, units='dots')

for x, y in zip(xs, ys):
    plt.polar(x, y, 'ro')
    plt.text(x, y, '%d, %d' % (int(x), int(y)),
             transform=trans_offset,
             horizontalalignment='center',
             verticalalignment='bottom')

plt.show()

参数

zhfont1 = matplotlib.font_manager.FontProperties(fname=“SimHei.ttf”)#当需要中文时需要引入字体

matplotlib.rcParams[‘font.sans-serif’] = [‘Microsoft YaHei’]#当x或y含有字符串

plt.rcParams[‘axes.unicode_minus’] = False

参数	值	参数	值
‘’-‘’	实线样式	‘’–‘’	短横线样式
“-.”	点划线样式	“:”	虚线样式
“.”	点标记	“,”	像素标记
“o”	圆标记
“b”	蓝色	”g“	绿色