ServletContextListener监听ServletContext一生中两个关键的事件——创建和撤销
下面的实例是通过监听器获取初始化参数,并创建一个Dog对象,存放在ServletContext中。
项目结构如下:
①web.xml配置如下:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">
<context-param>
<param-name>dogName</param-name>
<param-value>TomEgg</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>com.zhongqian.listener.TestServletContextListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>testServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>com.zhongqian.servlet.TestServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>testServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/testServlet.do</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
②创建TestServletContextListener和TestServlet。
public class TestServletContextListener implements ServletContextListener{
@Override
public void contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent arg0) {
System.out.println("get into testServletContextListener contextDestoryed method.");
}
@Override
public void contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent arg0) {
System.out.println("get into testServletContextListener's contextInitialized method.");
ServletContext sc = arg0.getServletContext();
String dogName = sc.getInitParameter("dogName");
Dog d = new Dog(dogName);
sc.setAttribute("dog", d);
}
}
public class TestServlet extends HttpServlet{
@Override
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
throws ServletException, IOException {
doPost(req, resp);
}
@Override
protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp)
throws ServletException, IOException {
Dog d = (Dog)this.getServletContext().getAttribute("dog");
System.out.println(d.getDogName());
}
}
③创建Dog类
服务器启动时,即调用了监听器。当客户端访问testServlet.do时,在控制台打印TomEgg.
除了上下文监听器外,还有很多其他的监听器。常见的8个监听器如下:
注意:监听器的初始化是在服务器启动时完成的。因此可以在监听器中完成一些初始化工作。如:spring框架就是通过监听器完成初始化工作,读取配置文件,完成注入。