leetcode 100热题位运算篇

leetcode 100热题位运算篇

338比特位计数

算法

(递推) O(n)

f[i] 表示的是 i 的二进制中 1 的个数
递推式 f[i] = f[i >> 1] + (i & 1),先计算右移一位的二进制表示中 1 的个数,然后再加个最后一位。

时间复杂度

O(n)

空间复杂度

O(n)

代码

class Solution {
public:
    vector<int> countBits(int n) {
        vector<int> f(n + 1);
        //f(0) = 0
        for(int i = 1;i <= n;i++)s
            //计算右移一位的二进制表示中 1 的个数,然后再加个最后一位
            f[i] = f[i >> 1] + (i & 1);
        
        return f;
    }
};

【位运算三行代码求解】136. 只出现一次的数字

解题思路

(位运算) O(n)

题目已知除了某个元素只出现一次以外,其余每个元素均出现两次,那么将所有数进行异或操作最后的剩下的数就是答案。0 异或 任何数 = 任何数 一个数 异或 同一个数 = 0

时间复杂度

O(n)

空间复杂度

O(1)

代码

class Solution {
public:
    int singleNumber(vector<int>& nums) {
        int res = 0;
        for(int i = 0;i < nums.size();i++)
        {
            res ^= nums[i];
        }
        return res;

    }
};

【位运算】461. 汉明距离

解题思路

(位运算) O(n)

xy 有一个不为 0,就取它们的低位异或值加到答案中,对应二进制相同则加 0,否则加 1,然后 xy 右移一位,直到两个数都为 0 为止。

时间复杂度

O(n),n 为二进制位的个数,最大为 32。

空间复杂度

O(1)

代码

class Solution {
public:
    int hammingDistance(int x, int y) {
        int res = 0;
        //计算两个数字对应二进制位不同的位置的数目
        while(x | y)
        {
            // 取它们的低位异或值加到答案中,对应二进制相同则加 0,否则加 1
            res += (x & 1) ^ (y & 1);
            x >>= 1;
            y >>= 1;
        }
        return res;
    }
};
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