Android音视频技术2--Android AudioRecord 和 AudioTrack音频PCM数据采集和播放

一.AudioRecord 和 AudioTrack

AudioRecord：Android平台用于录制音频的类。

AudioTrack：Android平台用于播放音频的类。

二.AudioRecord 和 AudioTrack构造方法

AudioRecord音频采集

Public constructors
<init>(audioSource: Int, sampleRateInHz: Int, channelConfig: Int, audioFormat: Int, bufferSizeInBytes: Int)

1. audioSource：音频源
2. sampleRateInHz:采样频率
3. channelConfig:音频通道，单声道，双声道，立体声。
4. audioFormat:音频数据源格式
5. bufferSizeInBytes:音频数据缓存总大小

AudioTrack音频播放

@param streamType the type of the audio stream. See
*   {@link AudioManager#STREAM_VOICE_CALL}, {@link AudioManager#STREAM_SYSTEM},
*   {@link AudioManager#STREAM_RING}, {@link AudioManager#STREAM_MUSIC},
*   {@link AudioManager#STREAM_ALARM}, and {@link AudioManager#STREAM_NOTIFICATION}.
Public constructors
<init>(streamType: Int, sampleRateInHz: Int, channelConfig: Int, audioFormat: Int, bufferSizeInBytes: Int, mode: Int)

1. streamType：音频流数据类型，类型如下：

• STREAM_VOICE_CALL：电话
• STREAM_SYSTEM：系统
• STREAM_RING：铃声
• STREAM_MUSIC：音乐
• STREAM_ALARM：闹钟
• STREAM_NOTIFICATION：通知

 三.AudioRecord 和 AudioTrack使用

1. AudioRecord

• AudioRecord初始化：

int bufferSizeInBytes = AudioRecord.getMinBufferSize(SAMPLE_RATE_INHZ, CHANNEL_CONFIG, AUDIO_FORMAT);
        audioRecord = new AudioRecord(MediaRecorder.AudioSource.MIC, SAMPLE_RATE_INHZ,
                CHANNEL_CONFIG, AUDIO_FORMAT, bufferSizeInBytes);

• 获取音频数据并写入文件：

final byte data[] = new byte[bufferSizeInBytes];
        final File file = new File(getExternalFilesDir(Environment.DIRECTORY_MUSIC), "record.pcm");
FileOutputStream fos = null;
                try {
                    fos = new FileOutputStream(file);
                    while (isRecording) {
                        int read = audioRecord.read(data, 0, data.length);
                        if (AudioRecord.ERROR_INVALID_OPERATION != read) {
                            fos.write(data);
                        }
                    }

                } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } finally {
                    if (fos != null) {
                        try {
                            fos.close();
                        } catch (IOException e) {
                            e.printStackTrace();
                        }
                    }
                }

1.  
2. AudioTrack

• AudioTrack初始化：

audioTrack = new AudioTrack(
                new AudioAttributes.Builder()
                        .setUsage(AudioAttributes.USAGE_MEDIA)
                        .setContentType(AudioAttributes.CONTENT_TYPE_MUSIC)
                        .build(),
                new AudioFormat.Builder().setSampleRate(SAMPLE_RATE_INHZ)
                        .setEncoding(AUDIO_FORMAT)
                        .setChannelMask(AudioFormat.CHANNEL_OUT_MONO)
                        .build(),
                bufferSizeInBytes,
                AudioTrack.MODE_STREAM,
                AudioManager.AUDIO_SESSION_ID_GENERATE);
        audioTrack.play();

• AudioTrack读取数据并写入：
<