#include <math.h>
#include <iomanip.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <iostream.h>
#include <fstream.h>
#include "string.h"
//画出任意坐标点到终点最短路径的路线
void roadPath(int i,int j,int m_lineByte,unsigned char *m_pBmpBuf);
//八个方向的最短路
void minDire(int i,int j);
// int bmp[1000][1000];
int N,M;
//char *bmp;
//---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//以下该模块是完成BMP图像(彩色图像是24bit RGB各8bit)的像素获取,并存在文件名为xiang_su_zhi.txt中
unsigned char *pBmpBuf;//读入图像数据的指针
int bmpWidth;//图像的宽
int bmpHeight;//图像的高
int lineByte;
RGBQUAD *pColorTable;//颜色表指针
int biBitCount;//图像类型,每像素位数
//-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//读图像的位图数据、宽、高、颜色表及每像素位数等数据进内存,存放在相应的全局变量中
int **d,****road;//d[][]是坐标数据,road[N+2][M+2][3][3]是记录行走方向的数组
double **c,****juli;
int dire[8][2]={{1,0},{1,1},{1,-1},{-1,0},{-1,1},{-1,-1},{0,1},{0,-1}};//八个方向;
bool readBmp(char *bmpName)
{
FILE *fp=fopen(bmpName,"rb");//二进制读方式打开指定的图像文件
if(fp==0) return 0;
//跳过位图文件头结构BITMAPFILEHEADER
fseek(fp, sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER),0);
//定义位图信息头结构变量,读取位图信息头进内存,存放在变量head中
BITMAPINFOHEADER head;
fread(&head, sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER), 1,fp); //获取图像宽、高、每像素所占位数等信息
bmpWidth = head.biWidth;
bmpHeight = head.biHeight;
biBitCount = head.biBitCount;//定义变量,计算图像每行像素所占的字节数(必须是4的倍数)
lineByte=(bmpWidth * biBitCount/8+3)/4*4;//灰度图像有颜色表,且颜色表表项为256
if(biBitCount==8)
{
//申请颜色表所需要的空间,读颜色表进内存
pColorTable=new RGBQUAD[256];
fread(pColorTable,sizeof(RGBQUAD),256,fp);
}
//申请位图数据所需要的空间,读位图数据进内存
pBmpBuf=new unsigned char[lineByte * bmpHeight];
fread(pBmpBuf,1,lineByte * bmpHeight,fp);
fclose(fp);//关闭文件
return 1;//读取文件成功
}
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//给定一个图像位图数据、宽、高、颜色表指针及每像素所占的位数等信息,将其写到指定文件中
bool saveBmp(char *bmpName, unsigned char *imgBuf, int width, int height,
int biBitCount, RGBQUAD *pColorTable)
{
//如果位图数据指针为0,则没有数据传入,函数返回
M=width;N=height;
int i,j,k;
//动态分配原始数组d[][],距离数组c[][]
d=(int **)malloc((N+2)*sizeof(int*));
c=(double **)malloc((N+2)*sizeof(double *));
road=(int ****)malloc((N+2)*sizeof(int***));
juli=(double ****)malloc((N+2)*sizeof(double***));
for (i=0;i<=N+1;i++)
{
d[i]=(int *)malloc((M+2)*sizeof(int));
c[i]=(double *)malloc((M+2)*sizeof(double));
road[i]=(int ***)malloc((M+2)*sizeof(int**));
juli[i]=(double ***)malloc((M+2)*sizeof(double**));
for (j=0;j<=M+1;j++)
{
d[i][j]=0;
c[i][j]=100000; //初始化
road[i][j]=(int **)malloc((3)*sizeof(int*));
juli[i][j]=(double **)malloc((3)*sizeof(double*));
for (int i1=0;i1<=2;i1++)
{
road[i][j][i1]=(int *)malloc((3)*sizeof(int));
juli[i][j][i1]=(double *)malloc((3)*sizeof(double));
for(int j1=0;j1<=2;j1++)
{
road[i][j][i1][j1]=0;
//juli[i][j][0][0]代表(-1,-1)这个方向,juli[i][j][1][2]代表(0,1)这个方向,其余类推
juli[i][j][i1][j1]=0;
}
}
}
}
if(!imgBuf)
return 0;
//颜色表大小,以字节为单位,灰度图像颜色表为1024字节,彩色图像颜色表大小为0
int colorTablesize=0;
if(biBitCount==8)
colorTablesize=1024;
//待存储图像数据每行字节数为4的倍数
int lineByte=(width * biBitCount/8+3)/4*4;
//以二进制写的方式打开文件
FILE *fp=fopen(bmpName,"wb");
if(fp==0) return 0;
//申请位图文件头结构变量,填写文件头信息
BITMAPFILEHEADER fileHead;
fileHead.bfType = 0x4D42;//bmp类型
//bfSize是图像文件4个组成部分之和
fileHead.bfSize= sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER) + sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER)
+ colorTablesize + lineByte*height;
fileHead.bfReserved1 = 0;
fileHead.bfReserved2 = 0;
//bfOffBits是图像文件前3个部分所需空间之和
fileHead.bfOffBits=54+colorTablesize;
//写文件头进文件
fwrite(&fileHead, sizeof(BITMAPFILEHEADER),1, fp);
//申请位图信息头结构变量,填写信息头信息
BITMAPINFOHEADER head;
head.biBitCount=biBitCount;
head.biClrImportant=0;
head.biClrUsed=0;
head.biCompression=0;
head.biHeight=height;
head.biPlanes=1;
head.biSize=40;
head.biSizeImage=lineByte*height;
head.biWidth=width;
head.biXPelsPerMeter=0;
head.biYPelsPerMeter=0;
//写位图信息头进内存
fwrite(&head, sizeof(BITMAPINFOHEADER),1, fp);
//如果灰度图像,有颜色表,写入文件
if(biBitCount==8)
fwrite(pColorTable, sizeof(RGBQUAD),256, fp);
//写位图数据进文件
int count=0;
if(biBitCount==24){//彩色图像
for(int i=1;i<=N;i++)
{
for(int j=1;j<=M;j++)
{
if (*(imgBuf+(i-1)*lineByte+(j-1)*3)==255&&(*(imgBuf+(i-1)*lineByte+(j-1)*3+1)==255)&&(*(imgBuf+(i-1)*lineByte+(j-1)*3+2)==255))
{
// *(imgBuf+(i-1)*lineByte+(j-1)*3)=0;
// *(imgBuf+(i-1)*lineByte+(j-1)*3+1)=0;
d[N+1-i][j]=1;
}
else
{
d[N+1-i][j]=0;
}
}
}
}
for (i=1;i<=N;i++)
{
for (j=1;j<=M;j++)
{
for (k=0;k<8;k++)
{
//为每个坐标赋各个方向距离值,只有2点都为1的时候才有距离
if (d[i][j]!=0)
{
//x坐标变大,j变大,y坐标变大,i变小!
if (d[i-dire[k][1]][j+dire[k][0]]!=0)//保证dire[k][0]+1,dire[k][1]+1非负
{
juli[i][j][dire[k][0]+1][dire[k][1]+1]=sqrt(dire[k][0]*dire[k][0]+dire[k][1]*dire[k][1]);
}
}
}
}
}
//我的动态规划采取波浪外推得方式,就是令终点周围的点先获取最短路,然后再类似往外层扩散
i=N;j=M;
int t=0,m_t;
if (N<M) m_t=N;
else m_t=M;
//开始按照正方形往外推
while(t<m_t)
{
i=N-t;
for (j=M;j>=M-t;j--)
{
if (i==N&&j==M){
c[i][j]=0;}
else
{
minDire(i,j);
}
}
j=M-t;
for (i=N;i>=N-t;i--)
{
if (i==N&&j==M){
c[i][j]=0;}
else
{
minDire(i,j);
}
}
t++;
}
//然后一排一排的往外推
if (N<M)
{
for(j=M-N;j>=1;j--)
for (i=N;i>=1;i--)
{
minDire(i,j);
}
}
else
{
for(i=N-M;i>=1;i--)
for (j=M;j>=1;j--)
{
minDire(i,j);
}
}
// i=1;j=1;
printf("请输入第几行,第几列:/n");
scanf("%d%d",&i,&j);
roadPath(i,j,lineByte,imgBuf);
fwrite(imgBuf, height*lineByte, 1, fp);
fclose(fp);
return 1;
}
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//以下为像素的读取函数
void xiang_su_du_qu()
{
//读入指定BMP文件进内存
char readPath[]="map.bmp";
readBmp(readPath);
//输出图像的信息
cout<<"width="<<bmpWidth<<" height="<<bmpHeight<<" biBitCount="<<biBitCount<<endl;
//循环变量,图像的坐标
//每行字节数
int lineByte=(bmpWidth*biBitCount/8+3)/4*4;
//循环变量,针对彩色图像,遍历每像素的三个分量
int m=0,n=0,count_xiang_su=0;
//将图像左下角1/4部分置成黑色
ofstream outfile("图像像素.txt",ios::in|ios::trunc);
if(biBitCount==24){//彩色图像
for(int i=bmpHeight-1;i>=0;i--)
{
for(int j=0;j<bmpWidth;j++)
{
for(int k=0;k<3;k++)//每像素RGB三个分量分别置0才变成黑色
{
m=*(pBmpBuf+i*lineByte+j*3+k);
outfile<<m<<" ";
count_xiang_su++;
if(count_xiang_su%bmpWidth==0)
{
outfile<<endl;
}
}
n++;
}
}
cout<<"总的像素个素为:"<<n<<endl;
cout<<"----------------------------------------------------"<<endl;
}
//将图像数据存盘
char writePath[]="nvcpy.BMP";//图片处理后再存储
saveBmp(writePath, pBmpBuf, bmpWidth, bmpHeight, biBitCount, pColorTable);
//清除缓冲区,pBmpBuf和pColorTable是全局变量,在文件读入时申请的空间
delete []pBmpBuf;
if(biBitCount==8)
delete []pColorTable;
}
//画出任意坐标点到终点最短路径的路线
void roadPath(int i,int j,int m_lineByte,unsigned char *m_pBmpBuf)
{
int flag=0,i1,j1;
for (i1=0;i1<=2;i1++)
{
for(j1=0;j1<=2;j1++)
{
if (road[i][j][i1][j1]==1)
{
*(m_pBmpBuf+(N-1-(i-1))*m_lineByte+(j-1)*3+2)=255;
*(m_pBmpBuf+(N-1-(i-1))*m_lineByte+(j-1)*3+1)=0;
*(m_pBmpBuf+(N-1-(i-1))*m_lineByte+(j-1)*3)=0;
*(m_pBmpBuf+(N-1-(i-(j1-1)-1))*m_lineByte+((j+(i1-1)-1))*3+2)=255;
*(m_pBmpBuf+(N-1-(i-(j1-1)-1))*m_lineByte+(j+(i1-1)-1)*3+1)=0;
*(m_pBmpBuf+(N-1-(i-(j1-1)-1))*m_lineByte+(j+(i1-1)-1)*3+0)=0;
if ((i-(j1-1))!=N||(j+(i1-1))!=M)
{
roadPath(i-(j1-1),j+(i1-1),m_lineByte,m_pBmpBuf);
}
}
}
}
}
//八个方向的最短路
void minDire(int i,int j)
{
double min=1000;
for (int k=0;k<8;k++)
{
if (juli[i][j][dire[k][0]+1][dire[k][1]+1])
{
if( (c[i-dire[k][1]][j+dire[k][0]]+juli[i][j][dire[k][0]+1][dire[k][1]+1]) <min)
{
min=c[i-dire[k][1]][j+dire[k][0]]+juli[i][j][dire[k][0]+1][dire[k][1]+1];
c[i][j]=min;
//先对原来存储的清0
for (int i1=0;i1<=2;i1++)
{
for(int j1=0;j1<=2;j1++)
{
road[i][j][i1][j1]=0;
}
}
road[i][j][dire[k][0]+1][dire[k][1]+1]=1;
}
}
}
}
void main()
{
xiang_su_du_qu();
}