一，概要说明
CWinApp派生于CWinThread类。在头文件afxwin.h中定义，在用户定义的类CUserApp theApp;初始化时优先于Main函数执行CWinApp构造函数。MFC库提供下列全局函数来访问CWinApp对象和其它全局信息：
- AfxGetApp 获得CWinApp对象指针。
- AfxGetInstanceHandle 获得当前应用程序实例的句柄。
- AfxGetResourceHandle 获得应用程序资源句柄。
- AfxGetAppName 获得一个字符串指针，该字符串包含应用程序名称。也可以用CWinApp->m_pszExeName。
二，类图中的重要位置
三，CWinApp成员函数及成员变量说明
私有成员及受保护的成员对外不可见，不以说明。
class CWinApp : public CWinThread
{
DECLARE_DYNAMIC(CWinApp)
public:
// Constructor
/* explicit */ CWinApp(LPCTSTR lpszAppName = NULL); // app name defaults to EXE name
// Attributes
// Startup args (do not change)
// This module's hInstance.
HINSTANCE m_hInstance;
进程句柄，用于加载程序内资源等功能。
与Windows传送给WinMain的参数hInstance一致。
m_hInstance数据成员是Windows应用程序当前实例的句柄
它是全局函数AfxGetInstanceHandle的返回值
// Pointer to the command-line.
LPTSTR m_lpCmdLine;
///与Windows传送给WinMain的参数lpCmdLine一致。
///用m_lpCmdLine来访问当应用程序开始时用户输入的任何命令行参数。
///m_lpCmdLine是LPSTR型的公共变量。
一般在CMyApp::InitInstance中处理命令
/*
BOOL CMyApp::InitInstance()
{
if (m_lpCmdLine[0] == '/0')
...........
}
*/
// Initial state of the application's window; normally,
// this is an argument to ShowWindow().
int m_nCmdShow;
// Running args (can be changed in InitInstance)
// Human-redable name of the application. Normally set in
// constructor or retreived from AFX_IDS_APP_TITLE.
LPCTSTR m_pszAppName;
///（a、ExeName中获取，b、AFX_IDS_APP_TITLE中获取，c、CWinApp构造函数）
free((void*)m_pszAppName);
m_pszAppName=_tcsdup(_T("d://somedir//myapp.exe"));
/// <summary>
/// Application User Model ID.</summary>
LPCTSTR m_pszAppID;
// Name of registry key for this application. See
// SetRegistryKey() member function.
LPCTSTR m_pszRegistryKey;
用来检测储存应用程序描述设置的全部注册键。通常它是只读态的。
// Pointer to CDocManager used to manage document templates
// for this application instance.
CDocManager* m_pDocManager;
// Support for Shift+F1 help mode.
// TRUE if we're in SHIFT+F1 mode.
BOOL m_bHelpMode;
public:
// set in constructor to override default
// Executable name (no spaces).
LPCTSTR m_pszExeName;
///可用m_pszExeName来得到应用程序名称
// Default based on this module's path.
LPCTSTR m_pszHelpFilePath;
///指针，指向包含应用程序的帮助文件的路径的字符串。
// Default based on this application's name.
LPCTSTR m_pszProfileName;
///const char*型的公共变量，应用程序的.INI文件名。
// Sets and initializes usage of HtmlHelp instead of WinHelp.
void EnableHtmlHelp();
// Sets and initializes usage of HtmlHelp instead of WinHelp.
void SetHelpMode( AFX_HELP_TYPE eHelpType );
AFX_HELP_TYPE GetHelpMode();
// help mode used by the app
AFX_HELP_TYPE m_eHelpType;
public:
// Loads a cursor resource.
HCURSOR LoadCursor(LPCTSTR lpszResourceName) const;
HCURSOR LoadCursor(UINT nIDResource) const;
///指向包含光标资源名称的以null结尾的字符串指针
// Loads a stock cursor resource; for for IDC_* values.
HCURSOR LoadStandardCursor(LPCTSTR lpszCursorName) const;
// Loads an OEM cursor; for all OCR_* values.
HCURSOR LoadOEMCursor(UINT nIDCursor) const;
// Loads an icon resource.
HICON LoadIcon(LPCTSTR lpszResourceName) const;
HICON LoadIcon(UINT nIDResource) const;
// Loads an icon resource; for stock IDI_ values.
HICON LoadStandardIcon(LPCTSTR lpszIconName) const;
// Loads an OEM icon resource; for all OIC_* values.
HICON LoadOEMIcon(UINT nIDIcon) const;
// Retrieve an integer value from INI file or registry.
virtual UINT GetProfileInt(LPCTSTR lpszSection, LPCTSTR lpszEntry, int nDefault);
///从应用程序的.INI文件获取一个条目。
// Sets an integer value to INI file or registry.
virtual BOOL WriteProfileInt(LPCTSTR lpszSection, LPCTSTR lpszEntry, int nValue);
// Retrieve a string value from INI file or registry.
virtual CString GetProfileString(LPCTSTR lpszSection, LPCTSTR lpszEntry, LPCTSTR lpszDefault = NULL);
// Sets a string value to INI file or registry.
virtual BOOL WriteProfileString(LPCTSTR lpszSection, LPCTSTR lpszEntry, LPCTSTR lpszValue);
// Retrieve an arbitrary binary value from INI file or registry.
virtual BOOL GetProfileBinary(LPCTSTR lpszSection, LPCTSTR lpszEntry, LPBYTE* ppData, UINT* pBytes);
// Sets an arbitrary binary value to INI file or registry.
virtual BOOL WriteProfileBinary(LPCTSTR lpszSection, LPCTSTR lpszEntry, LPBYTE pData, UINT nBytes);
// Override in derived class.
virtual void InitLibId();
// Register
virtual BOOL Register();
// Unregisters everything this app was known to register.
virtual BOOL Unregister();
/// <summary>
/// Deletes the subkeys and values of the specified key recursively.</summary>
/// <returns>
/// If the function succeeds, the return value is ERROR_SUCCESS. If the function fails, the return value is a nonzero error code defined in Winerror.h</returns>
/// <param name="hParentKey">A handle to an open registry key.</param>
/// <param name="strKeyName">The name of the key to be deleted.</param>
/// <param name="pTM">Pointer to CAtlTransactionManager object</param>
LONG DelRegTree(HKEY hParentKey, const CString& strKeyName, CAtlTransactionManager* pTM = NULL);
// Running Operations - to be done on a running application
// Dealing with document templates
void AddDocTemplate(CDocTemplate* pTemplate);
POSITION GetFirstDocTemplatePosition() const;
CDocTemplate* GetNextDocTemplate(POSITION& pos) const;
// Open named file, trying to match a regsitered
// document template to it.
virtual CDocument* OpenDocumentFile(LPCTSTR lpszFileName);
virtual CDocument* OpenDocumentFile(LPCTSTR lpszFileName, BOOL bAddToMRU);
// Add a string to the recent file list. Remove oldest string,
// if no space left.
virtual void AddToRecentFileList(LPCTSTR lpszPathName);
// Printer DC Setup routine, 'struct tagPD' is a PRINTDLG structure.
void SelectPrinter(HANDLE hDevNames, HANDLE hDevMode,
BOOL bFreeOld = TRUE);
// Create a DC for the system default printer.
BOOL CreatePrinterDC(CDC& dc);
BOOL GetPrinterDeviceDefaults(PRINTDLG* pPrintDlg);
// Run this app as an embedded object.
BOOL RunEmbedded();
// Run this app as an OLE automation server.
BOOL RunAutomated();
// Parse the command line for stock options and commands.
void ParseCommandLine(CCommandLineInfo& rCmdInfo);
// React to a shell-issued command line directive.
BOOL ProcessShellCommand(CCommandLineInfo& rCmdInfo);
// Overridables
// Hooks for your initialization code
virtual BOOL InitApplication();
// exiting
virtual BOOL SaveAllModified(); // save before exit
void HideApplication();
///关闭所有文档前隐藏应用程序。
void CloseAllDocuments(BOOL bEndSession); // close documents before exiting
///关闭所有打开的文档。
// Advanced: to override message boxes and other hooks
virtual int DoMessageBox(LPCTSTR lpszPrompt, UINT nType, UINT nIDPrompt);
为应用程序实现AfxMessageBox。
virtual void DoWaitCursor(int nCode); // 0 => restore, 1=> begin, -1=> end
///等待”光标的开关。
// Advanced: process async DDE request
virtual BOOL OnDDECommand(_In_z_ LPTSTR lpszCommand);
// Advanced: Help support
virtual void WinHelp(DWORD_PTR dwData, UINT nCmd = HELP_CONTEXT);
virtual void HtmlHelp(DWORD_PTR dwData, UINT nCmd = 0x000F);
virtual void WinHelpInternal(DWORD_PTR dwData, UINT nCmd = HELP_CONTEXT);
// Restart Manager support
virtual HRESULT RegisterWithRestartManager(BOOL bRegisterRecoveryCallback, const CString &strRestartIdentifier);
virtual HRESULT RegisterWithRestartManager(LPCWSTR pwzCommandLineArgs, DWORD dwRestartFlags, APPLICATION_RECOVERY_CALLBACK pRecoveryCallback, LPVOID lpvParam, DWORD dwPingInterval, DWORD dwCallbackFlags);
virtual DWORD ApplicationRecoveryCallback(LPVOID lpvParam);
virtual BOOL SupportsRestartManager() const { return m_dwRestartManagerSupportFlags & AFX_RESTART_MANAGER_SUPPORT_RESTART; }
virtual BOOL SupportsApplicationRecovery() const { return m_dwRestartManagerSupportFlags & AFX_RESTART_MANAGER_SUPPORT_RECOVERY; }
virtual BOOL SupportsAutosaveAtRestart() const { return m_dwRestartManagerSupportFlags & AFX_RESTART_MANAGER_AUTOSAVE_AT_RESTART; }
virtual BOOL SupportsAutosaveAtInterval() const { return m_dwRestartManagerSupportFlags & AFX_RESTART_MANAGER_AUTOSAVE_AT_INTERVAL; }
virtual BOOL ReopenPreviousFilesAtRestart() const { return m_dwRestartManagerSupportFlags & AFX_RESTART_MANAGER_REOPEN_PREVIOUS_FILES; }
virtual BOOL RestoreAutosavedFilesAtRestart() const { return m_dwRestartManagerSupportFlags & AFX_RESTART_MANAGER_RESTORE_AUTOSAVED_FILES; }
virtual DWORD GetApplicationRestartFlags() { return 0; } // Flags for RegisterApplicationRestart: default is none of RESTART_NO_CRASH/RESTART_NO_HANG/RESTART_NO_PATCH/RESTART_NO_REBOOT
virtual LPVOID GetApplicationRecoveryParameter() { return NULL; } // Parameter to be passed along to RegisterApplicationRecoveryCallback
public: // public for implementation access
CCommandLineInfo* m_pCmdInfo;
ATOM m_atomApp, m_atomSystemTopic; // for DDE open
UINT m_nNumPreviewPages; // number of default printed pages
size_t m_nSafetyPoolSize; // ideal size
void (AFXAPI* m_lpfnDaoTerm)();
void DevModeChange(_In_z_ LPTSTR lpDeviceName);
void SetCurrentHandles();
// Finds number of opened CDocument items owned by templates
// registered with the doc manager.
int GetOpenDocumentCount();
virtual CDataRecoveryHandler *GetDataRecoveryHandler();
/// <summary>
/// Tells whether Windows 7 Taskbar interaction is enabled.</summary>
/// <returns>
/// Returns TRUE if EnableTaskbarInteraction has been called and Operation System is
/// Windows 7 or higher.</returns>
/// <remarks> Taskbar interaction means that MDI application displays the content of MDI children
/// in separate tabbed thumbnails that appear when mouse pointer is over application taskbar button.</remarks>
virtual BOOL IsTaskbarInteractionEnabled();
/// <summary>
/// Enables Taskbar interaction</summary>
/// <returns>
/// Returns TRUE if taskbar interaction can be enabled or disabled (e.g. this method was called before creation of main window).</returns>
/// <remarks>
/// This method must be called before creation of main window, otherwise it asserts and returns FALSE.</remarks>
/// <param name="bEnable"> Specifies whether interaction with Windows 7 taskbar should be enabled (TRUE), or disabled (FALSE).</param>
BOOL EnableTaskbarInteraction(BOOL bEnable = TRUE);
// helpers for standard commdlg dialogs
BOOL DoPromptFileName(CString& fileName, UINT nIDSTitle,
DWORD lFlags, BOOL bOpenFileDialog, CDocTemplate* pTemplate);
INT_PTR DoPrintDialog(CPrintDialog* pPD);
void EnableModeless(BOOL bEnable); // to disable OLE in-place dialogs
// overrides for implementation
virtual BOOL InitInstance();
///当你从CWinApp 派生一个应用程序类时
///重载InitInstance成员函数来创建应用程序的主窗口对象。
virtual int ExitInstance(); // return app exit code
virtual BOOL RestartInstance(); // handle restart by Restart Manager
virtual int Run();
virtual BOOL OnIdle(LONG lCount); // return TRUE if more idle processing
virtual LRESULT ProcessWndProcException(CException* e, const MSG* pMsg);
virtual HINSTANCE LoadAppLangResourceDLL();
// Helper for message boxes; can work when no CWinApp can be found
static int ShowAppMessageBox(CWinApp *pApp, LPCTSTR lpszPrompt, UINT nType, UINT nIDPrompt);
static void DoEnableModeless(BOOL bEnable); // to disable OLE in-place dialogs
public:
virtual ~CWinApp();
#ifdef _DEBUG
virtual void AssertValid() const;
virtual void Dump(CDumpContext& dc) const;
#endif
// helpers for registration
/// <summary>
/// returns key for HKEY_CURRENT_USER\"Software"\RegistryKey\AppName\lpszSection.</summary>
/// <returns>
/// Section key if the function succeeds, NULL - otherwise</returns>
/// <param name="lpszSection">The name of the key to be obtained.</param>
/// <param name="pTM">Pointer to CAtlTransactionManager object</param>
HKEY GetSectionKey(LPCTSTR lpszSection, CAtlTransactionManager* pTM = NULL);
/// <summary>
/// returns key for HKEY_CURRENT_USER\"Software"\RegistryKey\ProfileName.</summary>
/// <returns>
/// Applixation key if the function succeeds, NULL - otherwise</returns>
/// <param name="pTM">Pointer to CAtlTransactionManager object</param>
HKEY GetAppRegistryKey(CAtlTransactionManager* pTM = NULL);
protected:
DECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()
public :
// System Policy Settings
virtual BOOL LoadSysPolicies(); // Override to load policies other than the system policies that MFC loads.
BOOL GetSysPolicyValue(DWORD dwPolicyID, BOOL *pbValue); // returns the policy's setting in the out parameter
};
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