CentOS yum源

CentOS应该是做为服务器的linux的佼佼者。CentOS采用的二进制包是rpm，不过包的依赖性解决有时候却是个问题。yum是个不错的东西。yum的使用和debian的apt有几分相似，这样对于许多包的安装就方便多了。
    这篇文章主要讲两点内容，一是yum使用方法的整理;二是找一个比较快的国内的源
    1.yum的使用:
    1)包的更新
    1.1)检查可更新包: yum check-update
    1.2)更新所有包: yum update
    1.3)更新指定包: yum update package_name
    1.4)版本升级: yum upgrade
    2)包安装与删除
    2.1)yum install package_name
    2.2)yum remove package_name
    3)包搜索
    3.1)搜索特定包: yum search package_name
    3.2)搜索包含特定文件名的包:yum provides name
    4)包列表
    4.1)列出所有安装或更新的包: yum list
    4.2)列出指定包:yum list name
    4.3)列出可更新包:yum list updates
    4.4)列出已安装包:yum list installed
    4.5)列出已安装但不包含在资源库中的包:yum list extras
    2.yum源设定
    2.1)加快yum下载速度: yum -y install yum-fastestmirror,在CentOs 4上名字叫做yum-plugin-fastestmirror
    2.2)yum源文件:/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
    2.3)CentOS 5的yum源设为中国科技大学网站

 

[教育网源]
上海交通大学：http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/
清华大学：http://mirror.lib.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/
中国科技大学：http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/    （推荐，比较快）

[电信网源]
上海电信：http://mirrors.shlug.org/centos/
山东电信：http://mirrors.ta139.com/centos/
福建电信：http://mirror.be10.com/centos/

1.以root用户进入CentOS系统。
[root@xuxy ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d
2.备份repo
[root@xuxy yum.repos.d]# mv CentOS-Base.repo  CentOS-Base.repo.bak
3.建立新的CentOS-Base.repo文件：（以CentOS 5.2为例）
[root@xuxy yum.repos.d]#vi CentOS-Base.repo
内容如下（以中国科技大学的yum源为例）：
# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# This file uses a new mirrorlist system developed by Lance Davis for CentOS.
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#

[base]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Base
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=os
baseurl=http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5

#released updates
[updates]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Updates
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
baseurl=http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/updates/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5

#packages used/produced in the build but not released
[addons]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Addons
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=addons
baseurl=http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/addons/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5

#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Extras
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
baseurl=http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/extras/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5

#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-$releasever - Plus
#mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus
baseurl=http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/$releasever/centosplus/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://centos.ustc.edu.cn/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5