响应请求的方式
1、不响应
applicationContex.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd">
<!-- 要先开启扫描 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.zhouym.springmvcresponsetype"></context:component-scan>
<!-- 开启注解 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>
</beans>
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee" xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1">
<display-name>springmvc-responsetype</display-name>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file>
<welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
<servlet>
<servlet-name>springMvc</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>springMvc</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
controller
package com.zhouym.springmvcresponsetype;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
@Controller
public class MyController {
//void方式响应请求
@RequestMapping("/add")
@ResponseBody
public void add() {
System.out.println("hello");
}
}
index.jsp
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>spring...mvc</h1>
${msg}
</body>
</html>
测试结果
页面无任何响应数据,看控制台内容
2、ModelAndView
两个xml文件,index.jsp不变,在controller中加入一个方法,返回一个ModelAndView对象
package com.zhouym.springmvcresponsetype;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
@Controller
public class MyController {
//ModelAndView方式响应请求
@RequestMapping("/query")
public ModelAndView query() {
ModelAndView view = new ModelAndView();
view.addObject("msg","hello");
view.setViewName("/index.jsp");
return view;
}
}
测试结果
3、直接指定响应界面
返回一个字符串
package com.zhouym.springmvcresponsetype;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
@Controller
public class MyController {
//返回一个字符串
@RequestMapping("/test")
@ResponseBody
public String test() {
return "laozhou";
}
}
测试结果
直接返回一个jsp页面
package com.zhouym.springmvcresponsetype;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
@Controller
public class MyController {
//返回一个jsp页面,此时不用加@ResponseBody
@RequestMapping("/test2")
public String test2() {
return "index.jsp";
}
}
测试结果
通过配置视图解析器,设置前缀和后缀参数,方便当我们的jsp文件在指定的文件夹下的时候仍然可以访问
将jsp文件放在了一个jsp文件夹下面
applicationContext.xml文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.3.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd">
<!-- 要先开启扫描 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.zhouym.springmvcresponsetype"></context:component-scan>
<!-- 开启注解 -->
<mvc:annotation-driven></mvc:annotation-driven>
<!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!-- 配置响应地址的前缀 -->
<!-- 一般的我们所有的jsp页面文件都会放在一个专门的文件夹下,这时我们需要配置前后缀,
在controller中return页面名字即可 -->
<property name="prefix" value="/jsp/"/>
<!-- 配置响应地址的后缀 -->
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
</beans>
controller类
package com.zhouym.springmvcresponsetype;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
@Controller
public class MyController {
@RequestMapping("/test3")
public String test3() {
return "index";
}
}
测试结果
http://127.0.0.1/springmvc-responsetype/test3 这个路径就相当于 http://127.0.0.1/springmvc-responsetype/jsp/index.jsp
4、重定向
controller类
package com.zhouym.springmvcresponsetype;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
@Controller
public class MyController {
//返回一个字符串
@RequestMapping("/test")
@ResponseBody
public String test() {
return "laozhou";
}
@RequestMapping("/test4")
public String test4() {
return "redirect:/test";
}
}
首先地址访问是,如下图,注意观察url的变化
访问之后响应数据,输出的是test的数据
URL的变化这也是重定向与请求转发之间的一个区别
返回路径注意: 返回的字符带"/“表示从根目录下开始找,不带”/"从当前目录下查找
5、通过HttpServletRequest和HttpServletResponse
controller类
package com.zhouym.springmvcresponsetype;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
@Controller
public class MyController {
@RequestMapping("/test6")
public void test6(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException{
System.out.println(request);
System.out.println(response);
response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath()+"/jsp/index.jsp");
}
}
测试结果
来了解一个窄化请求的概念,通俗的来讲就是将@RequestMapping放到类上,这样请求路径就变成了类上的RequestMapping+方法上的RequestMapping
package com.zhouym.springmvcresponsetype;
import java.io.IOException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/myController")
public class MyController {
//返回一个字符串
@RequestMapping("/test")
@ResponseBody
public String test() {
return "laozhou";
}
}
测试结果
在用之前的地址访问就会报404了