Django2 + MySQL 存储session 会话值

第一步：创建项目

第二步：创建应用

第三步：项目setting.py 配置

1、启用session记录中间件和注释cfsf 中间件

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    # 启用session 会话中间件
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    # 禁用crsf 中间件
    # 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

2、启用session 存储应用

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    # 启用 sessio 数据库存储
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
]

3、数据库设置

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'NAME': 'student',
        'USER': 'root',
        'PASSWORD': '123456',
        'HOST': '127.0.0.1',
        'PORT': '3306',
        'OPTIONS': {'charset': 'utf8mb4'},
    }
}

4、设置模板路径

TEMPLATES = [
    {
        'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
        # 绝对路径 模板文件配置
        'DIRS': ['E:/python_workspace/djangosite/template'],
        'APP_DIRS': True,
        'OPTIONS': {
            'context_processors': [
                'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                'django.template.context_processors.request',
                'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
            ],
        },
    },
]

5、配置显示和时区选择

# 配置显示中文和时间区间
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-hans'

TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai'

USE_I18N = True

USE_L10N = True

USE_TZ = True

第四步：数据库数据同步，执行如下指令：

在终端Terminal 项目目录下执行数据表更新命令：

python manage.py makemigrations

python manage.py migrate

查看相关数据库是否生成：django_session表

第五步：编写应用视图函数和应用路由函数

/sessionapp/views.py

from django.shortcuts import render, render_to_response
from django.http import HttpResponse, HttpResponseRedirect
from django import forms


class UserForm(forms.Form):
    username = forms.CharField()
    password = forms.CharField()


# 用户登录
def login(req):
    if req.method == "POST":
        uf = UserForm(req.POST)
        if uf.is_valid():
            username = uf.cleaned_data['username']
            password = uf.cleaned_data['password']
            # 把获取表单的用户名传递给session对象
            req.session['username'] = username
            req.session['password'] = password

            return HttpResponseRedirect('/sessionapp/index/')
    else:
        uf = UserForm()
    return render_to_response('login.html', {'uf': uf})


# 登录之后跳转页
def index(req):
    username = req.session.get('username', 'anybody')
    password = req.session.get('password', '')

    return render_to_response('index.html', {'username': username})


# 注销动作
def logout(req):
    del req.session['username']  # 删除session
    del req.session['password']
    return HttpResponse('logout ok!')

/sessionapp/url.py

from django.conf.urls import url
from . import views

urlpatterns = [
    url(r'^login/$', views.login),
    url(r'^index/$', views.index),
    url(r'^logout/$', views.logout),
]

第六步：编写项目路由函数

/djangosite/url.py

"""djangosite URL Configuration

The `urlpatterns` list routes URLs to views. For more information please see:
    https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/topics/http/urls/
Examples:
Function views
    1. Add an import:  from my_app import views
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', views.home, name='home')
Class-based views
    1. Add an import:  from other_app.views import Home
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('', Home.as_view(), name='home')
Including another URLconf
    1. Import the include() function: from django.urls import include, path
    2. Add a URL to urlpatterns:  path('blog/', include('blog.urls'))
"""
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path
from django.conf.urls import include

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('sessionapp/', include('sessionapp.urls')),

]

第七步：编辑模板文件：

index.html

<div>
   <h1>welcome {{username}}</h1>
   <a href="/sessionapp/logout">logout</a>
</div>

login.html

<form method = 'post'>
{{uf.as_p}}
<input type="submit" value = "ok"/>
</form>

项目结构图：

django_session表记录：