linux，centos7.2，/etc/rsyslog.conf文件详解

linux系统自动的log功能，目前由rsyslog服务代管，应该说rsyslog 是syslog 的升级版。

[root@FNSHB109 ~]# cat /etc/rsyslog.conf
# rsyslog configuration file

#### MODULES ####
#加载模块列表

# The imjournal module bellow is now used as a message source instead of imuxsock.
$ModLoad imuxsock # provides support for local system logging (e.g. via logger command)
提供对本地系统日志的支持
$ModLoad imjournal # provides access to the systemd journal
提供对systemd日志的访问
#$ModLoad imklog # reads kernel messages (the same are read from journald)
读取内核消息
#$ModLoad immark  # provides --MARK-- message capability
提供--MARK--消息功能

# Provides UDP syslog reception
#$ModLoad imudp
#$UDPServerRun 514  允许514端口接收使用UDP协议转发过来的日志

# Provides TCP syslog reception
#$ModLoad imtcp
#$InputTCPServerRun 514允许514端口接收使用TCP协议转发过来的日志


#### GLOBAL DIRECTIVES ####
#全局指令，
# Where to place auxiliary files
$WorkDirectory /var/lib/rsyslog

# Use default timestamp format  定义日志格式默认模板 
$ActionFileDefaultTemplate RSYSLOG_TraditionalFileFormat

# File syncing capability is disabled by default. This feature is usually not required,
# not useful and an extreme performance hit
#$ActionFileEnableSync on

# Include all config files in /etc/rsyslog.d/
$IncludeConfig /etc/rsyslog.d/*.conf

# Turn off message reception via local log socket;
# local messages are retrieved through imjournal now.
$OmitLocalLogging on

# File to store the position in the journal
$IMJournalStateFile imjournal.state


#### RULES ####
#规则
# Log all kernel messages to the console.
# Logging much else clutters up the screen.
#kern.*                                                 /dev/console
关于内核的所有日志都放到/dev/console(控制台)

# Log anything (except mail) of level info or higher.
# Don't log private authentication messages!
*.info;mail.none;authpriv.none;cron.none                /var/log/messages
记录所有日志类型的info级别以及大于info级别的信息到/var/log/messages，但是mail邮件信息，authpriv验证方面的信息和cron时间任务相关的信息除外

# The authpriv file has restricted access.
authpriv.*                                              /var/log/secure
authpriv验证相关的所有信息存放在/var/log/secure

# Log all the mail messages in one place.
mail.*                                                  -/var/log/maillog
邮件的所有信息存放在/var/log/maillog; 这里有一个-符号, 表示是使用异步的方式记录, 因为日志一般会比较大

# Log cron stuff
cron.*                                                  /var/log/cron
计划任务有关的信息存放在/var/log/cron

# Everybody gets emergency messages
*.emerg                                                 :omusrmsg:*
 记录所有的大于等于emerg级别信息, 以wall方式发送给每个登录到系统的人

# Save news errors of level crit and higher in a special file.
uucp,news.crit                                          /var/log/spooler
记录uucp,news.crit等存放在/var/log/spooler
uucp  –unix to unix copy, unix主机之间相关的通讯，news   –新闻组

# Save boot messages also to boot.log
local7.*                                                /var/log/boot.log
启动的相关信息

#### begin forwarding rule ###
 转发规则
# The statement between the begin ... end define a SINGLE forwarding
# rule. They belong together, do NOT split them. If you create multiple
# forwarding rules, duplicate the whole block!  
# Remote Logging (we use TCP for reliable delivery)
# An on-disk queue is created for this action. If the remote host is
# down, messages are spooled to disk and sent when it is up again.
#$ActionQueueFileName fwdRule1 # unique name prefix for spool files
#$ActionQueueMaxDiskSpace 1g   # 1gb space limit (use as much as possible)
#$ActionQueueSaveOnShutdown on # save messages to disk on shutdown
#$ActionQueueType LinkedList   # run asynchronously
#$ActionResumeRetryCount -1    # infinite retries if host is down
# remote host is: name/ip:port, e.g. 192.168.0.1:514, port optional
#*.* @@remote-host:514  
@@表示通过tcp协议发送，使用TCP协议转发到remote-host的514(默认)端口
@表示通过udp进行转发
# ### end of the forwarding rule ###