linux内核学习-进程-进程状态

操作系统原理介绍的进程状态：

1. TASK_RUNNING”：运行
2. “TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE”：任务可中断
3. “TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE”：任务不可中断
4. “__TASK_STOPPED”：停止
5. “__TASK_TRACED”：

源码中，进程的状态定义位于./include/linux/sched.h中：

#define TASK_RUNNING		0
#define TASK_INTERRUPTIBLE	1
#define TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE	2
#define __TASK_STOPPED		4 进程的执行被暂停，当进程接收到SIGSTOP、SIGTSTP、SIGTTIN、SIGTTOU信号后，进入暂停状态
#define __TASK_TRACED		8
/* in tsk->exit_state */
#define EXIT_DEAD		16 
#define EXIT_ZOMBIE		32 
#define EXIT_TRACE		(EXIT_ZOMBIE | EXIT_DEAD)
/* in tsk->state again */
#define TASK_DEAD		64
#define TASK_WAKEKILL		128
#define TASK_WAKING		256
#define TASK_PARKED		512
#define TASK_STATE_MAX		1024

PS命令显示的进程状态

D    uninterruptible sleep (usually IO) //不可中断睡眠
R    running or runnable (on run queue)  //正在执行或可执行
S    interruptible sleep (waiting for an event to complete) //可中断睡眠状态
T    stopped, either by a job control signal or because it is being traced //停止或追踪状态
W    paging (not valid since the 2.6.xx kernel) //换页，但2.6之后内核已不再可用
X    dead (should never be seen) //死亡，但应该永远也看不到
Z    defunct ("zombie") process, terminated but not reaped by its parent //僵死状态（已经终止但还没有被父进程回收）

进程状态切换图