https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/30070328
为什么需要动态注册bean
大部分时候,静态的配置信息即可满足系统需求。但是某些场景下,我们需要根据静态配置中的信息动态生成bean,此时就需要动态注册bean的功能。
动态注册bean的api
Spring中的bean定义都保存在 **BeanDefinitionRegistry** 接口中,单例的bean的实例都保存在 **SingletonBeanRegistry** 接口中。
因此动态注册bean也分为了两种方式:
1. 使用BeanDefinitionRegistry接口的void registerBeanDefinition(String beanName, BeanDefinition beanDefinition) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException 方法
2. 使用SingletonBeanRegistry接口的void registerSingleton(String beanName, Object singletonObject) 方法
两者区别在于使用前者时,Spring容器会根据BeanDefinition实例化bean实例,而使用后者时,bean实例就是传递给registerSingleton方法的对象。
DefaultListableBeanFactory接口同时实现了这两个接口,在实践中通常会使用这个接口。
在普通bean中进行动态注册
可以在任何获得了BeanDefinitionRegistry或者SingletonBeanRegistry实例的地方进行动态注册。
但是如果bean不是在BeanFactoryPostProcessor中被注册,那么该bean则无法被**BeanPostProcessor**处理,即无法对其应用aop、Bean Validation等功能。
在**BeanFactoryPostProcessor**中进行动态注册
在Spring容器的启动过程中,BeanFactory载入bean的定义后会立刻执行BeanFactoryPostProcessor,此时动态注册bean,则可以保证动态注册的bean被BeanPostProcessor处理,并且可以保证其的实例化和初始化总是先于依赖它的bean。
例子
在BeanFactoryPostProcessor注册
@Component
@Slf4j
public class PersonBeanFactoryPostProcessor implements BeanFactoryPostProcessor {
@Override
public void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory) throws BeansException {
DefaultListableBeanFactory defaultListableBeanFactory
= (DefaultListableBeanFactory) beanFactory;
//注册Bean定义,容器根据定义返回bean
log.info("register personManager1>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>");
BeanDefinitionBuilder beanDefinitionBuilder =
BeanDefinitionBuilder.genericBeanDefinition(PersonManager.class);
beanDefinitionBuilder.addPropertyReference("personDao", "personDao");
BeanDefinition personManagerBeanDefinition = beanDefinitionBuilder.getRawBeanDefinition();
defaultListableBeanFactory.registerBeanDefinition("personManager1", personManagerBeanDefinition);
//注册bean实例
log.info("register personManager2>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>");
PersonDao personDao = beanFactory.getBean(PersonDao.class);
PersonManager personManager = new PersonManager();
personManager.setPersonDao(personDao);
beanFactory.registerSingleton("personManager2", personManager);
}
}
我的例子:
自定义注解ZcyType.class ,在util 类上添加此注解,系统启动自动加载注解此注解的类,注册到bean中。
在if else 中,使用此方法替换掉if else
注解类:
@Target(ElementType.TYPE)// 注解会在class字节码文件中存在,在运行时可以通过反射获取到
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)//定义注解的作用目标**作用范围字段、枚举的常量/方法
@Documented//说明该注解将被包含在javadoc中
public @interface ZcyType {
String value() ;
}
处理类:
@Data
@ZcyType("xUtil")
public class XUtil implements IUtil{
private ITService itService;
@Override
public void test(){
System.out.println("22222222222");
itService.getT();
}
}
处理类:
@Data
@ZcyType("zUtil")
public class ZUtil implements IUtil{
private ITService itService;
@Override
public void test(){
System.out.println("233333");
itService.getT();
}
}
启动加载类,把ZcyType注解的类 注册
@Component
public class MyBeanFactoryPostProcessor implements BeanFactoryPostProcessor {
@Override
public void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory configurableListableBeanFactory) throws BeansException {
DefaultListableBeanFactory defaultListableBeanFactory
= (DefaultListableBeanFactory) configurableListableBeanFactory;
System.out.println("1111111111111111");
Reflections reflections = new Reflections("com.zte.daas.datamange");
Set<Class<?>> classesList = reflections.getTypesAnnotatedWith(ZcyType.class);
for(Class c : classesList){
ZcyType zcyType = (ZcyType) c.getAnnotation(ZcyType.class);
BeanDefinitionBuilder beanDefinitionBuilder =
BeanDefinitionBuilder.genericBeanDefinition(c);
beanDefinitionBuilder.addPropertyReference("itService", "tService");
BeanDefinition personManagerBeanDefinition = beanDefinitionBuilder.getRawBeanDefinition();
defaultListableBeanFactory.registerBeanDefinition(zcyType.value(), personManagerBeanDefinition);
//configurableListableBeanFactory.registerSingleton(zcyType.value(),c.newInstance());
// 实例的可以使用方法,就是 private ITService itService; 去掉的情况
}
}
}
使用:
@ApiOperation("test")
@GetMapping("get")
public void getInfo() throws Exception {
Reflections reflections = new Reflections("com.zte.daas.datamange");
Set<Class<?>> classesList = reflections.getTypesAnnotatedWith(ZcyType.class);
for (Class classes : classesList) {
IUtil iUtil = (IUtil)SpringUtil.getBean(classes);
iUtil.test();
}
}
https://juejin.im/post/5ce79feef265da1b725bdca1
2. 策略模式
2.1 策略模式实现的Service
@Service
public class CancelOrderStrategyService {
@Autowired
private StrategyContext context;
public void process(OrderDTO orderDTO) {
OrderTypeEnum orderTypeEnum = OrderTypeEnum.getByCode(orderDTO.getServiceType());
AbstractStrategy strategy = context.getStrategy(orderTypeEnum);
strategy.process(orderDTO);
}
}
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简洁的有点过分了是不是!!!
2.2 各种类型策略实现及抽象策略类
下面选取了即时订单和预约订单的策略.
@Service
@OrderTypeAnnotation(orderType = OrderTypeEnum.INSTANT)
public class InstantOrderStrategy extends AbstractStrategy {
@Override
public void process(OrderDTO orderDTO) {
System.out.println("取消即时订单");
}
}
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@Service
@OrderTypeAnnotation(orderType = OrderTypeEnum.BOOKING)
public class BookingOrderStrategy extends AbstractStrategy {
@Override
public void process(OrderDTO orderDTO) {
System.out.println("取消预约订单");
}
}
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public abstract class AbstractStrategy {
abstract public void process(OrderDTO orderDTO);
}
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2.3 策略类型注解
每个策略中增加了注解OrderTypeAnnotation,以标注适用于不同类型的策略内容.
@Target({ElementType.TYPE})
@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)
@Documented
@Inherited
public @interface OrderTypeAnnotation {
OrderTypeEnum orderType();
}
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2.4 策略处理器类StrategyProcessor和策略上下文StrategyContext
其中最为核心的为StrategyProcessor 策略处理器类和StrategyContext 策略上下文,
@Component
public class StrategyProcessor implements BeanFactoryPostProcessor {
private static final String STRATEGY_PACKAGE = "com.lujiahao.strategy";
@Override
public void postProcessBeanFactory(ConfigurableListableBeanFactory configurableListableBeanFactory) throws BeansException {
Map<OrderTypeEnum, Class> handlerMap = Maps.newHashMapWithExpectedSize(3);
ClassScanner.scan(STRATEGY_PACKAGE, OrderTypeAnnotation.class).forEach(clazz -> {
OrderTypeEnum type = clazz.getAnnotation(OrderTypeAnnotation.class).orderType();
handlerMap.put(type, clazz);
});
StrategyContext context = new StrategyContext(handlerMap);
configurableListableBeanFactory.registerSingleton(StrategyContext.class.getName(), context);
}
}
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public class StrategyContext {
private Map<OrderTypeEnum, Class> strategyMap;
public StrategyContext(Map<OrderTypeEnum, Class> strategyMap) {
this.strategyMap = strategyMap;
}
public AbstractStrategy getStrategy(OrderTypeEnum orderTypeEnum) {
if (orderTypeEnum == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("not fond enum");
}
if (CollectionUtils.isEmpty(strategyMap)) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("strategy map is empty,please check you strategy package path");
}
Class clazz = strategyMap.get(orderTypeEnum);
if (clazz == null) {
throw new IllegalArgumentException("not fond strategy for type:" + orderTypeEnum.getCode());
}
return (AbstractStrategy) SpringBeanUtils.getBean(clazz);
}
}