原子锁是linux内核同步的一种机制,下面将其应用到线程同步中来。
#include <alsa/iatomic.h>
#include <pthread.h>
#include <stdio.h>
// 定义一个原子变量
static atomic_t g_atomic = ATOMIC_INIT(1);
// 定义共享资源
static volatile int g_i = 0;
/* 定义线程chǔ理函数 */
//#define atomic_dec_and_test(g_atomic) 1
void *thr1_handle(void *arg)
{
while (1) {
if (atomic_dec_and_test(&g_atomic)) {
printf("in thread %lu g_i = %d\n", pthread_self(), ++g_i);
}
atomic_inc(&g_atomic);
sleep(1);
}
return NULL;
}
void *thr2_handle(void *arg)
{
while (1) {
if (atomic_dec_and_test(&g_atomic)) {
printf("in thread %lu g_i = %d\n", pthread_self(), --g_i);
}
atomic_inc(&g_atomic);
sleep(1);
}
return NULL;
}
/* 主函数 */
int main()
{
pthread_t tid1, tid2;
if (pthread_create(&tid1, NULL, thr1_handle, NULL) != 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "create thread1 failed!\n");
return 1;
}
if (pthread_create(&tid2, NULL, thr2_handle, NULL) != 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "create thread2 failed!\n");
return 2;
}
pthread_join(tid1, NULL);
pthread_join(tid2, NULL);
return 0;
}
不错,这里用 atomic 做了同步,程序如预期输出:
in thread 3076184896 g_i = 1
in thread 3067792192 g_i = 0
in thread 3076184896 g_i = 1
in thread 3067792192 g_i = 0
in thread 3076184896 g_i = 1
in thread 3067792192 g_i = 0
in thread 3076184896 g_i = 1
in thread 3067792192 g_i = 0
in thread 3076184896 g_i = 1
in thread 3067792192 g_i = 0
in thread 3076184896 g_i = 1
in thread 3067792192 g_i = 0
in thread 3076184896 g_i = 1
in thread 3067792192 g_i = 0
in thread 3076184896 g_i = 1
没有任何问题。
但是这里最应该记住的是,如果不同不产生的后果。
如果将上面的
//#define atomic_dec_and_test(g_atomic) 1
注释打开,即不让 atomic 来提供同步工作,那么程序的结果是混luàn的。 如下:
in thread 3075713856 g_i = 1
in thread 3067321152 g_i = 0
in thread 3067321152 g_i = -1
in thread 3075713856 g_i = 1
in thread 3067321152 g_i = 0
in thread 3075713856 g_i = 1
in thread 3075713856 g_i = 2
in thread 3067321152 g_i = 0