C++11 使用智能指针封装 pimpl idom

程序结构如下，

本例主要使用std::unique_ptr封装C++常用的pimpl idom，就是在cpp文件中用一个impl来封装细节。实现部分可以随意修改，但是保持接口部分不变。
这样一来是节省编译时间。
二来是隐藏实现到cpp。
程序代码如下，
test/CMakeLists.txt

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.6)

if(APPLE)
  message(STATUS "This is Apple, do nothing.")
  set(CMAKE_MACOSX_RPATH 1)
  set(CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH /Users/aabjfzhu/software/vcpkg/ports/cppwork/vcpkg_installed/x64-osx/share )
elseif(UNIX)
  message(STATUS "This is linux, set CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH.")
  set(CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH /vcpkg/ports/cppwork/vcpkg_installed/x64-linux/share)
endif(APPLE)

project(wrapped_pimpl)

set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 20)
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -Wno-narrowing")

add_definitions(-g)

find_package(ZLIB)

find_package(OpenCV REQUIRED )
find_package(Arrow CONFIG REQUIRED)

find_package(unofficial-brotli REQUIRED)
find_package(unofficial-utf8proc CONFIG REQUIRED)
find_package(Thrift CONFIG REQUIRED)

find_package(glog REQUIRED)

find_package(OpenSSL REQUIRED)

find_package(Boost REQUIRED COMPONENTS
  system
  filesystem
  serialization
  program_options
  thread
  )

find_package(DataFrame REQUIRED)

if(APPLE)
  MESSAGE(STATUS "This is APPLE, set INCLUDE_DIRS")
set(INCLUDE_DIRS ${Boost_INCLUDE_DIRS} /usr/local/include /usr/local/iODBC/include /opt/snowflake/snowflakeodbc/include/ ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/../include/ ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/../../../include)
elseif(UNIX)
  MESSAGE(STATUS "This is linux, set INCLUDE_DIRS")
  set(INCLUDE_DIRS ${Boost_INCLUDE_DIRS} /usr/local/include ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/../include/   ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/../../../include/)
endif(APPLE)


if(APPLE)
  MESSAGE(STATUS "This is APPLE, set LINK_DIRS")
  set(LINK_DIRS /usr/local/lib /usr/local/iODBC/lib /opt/snowflake/snowflakeodbc/lib/universal)
elseif(UNIX)
  MESSAGE(STATUS "This is linux, set LINK_DIRS")
  set(LINK_DIRS ${Boost_INCLUDE_DIRS} /usr/local/lib /vcpkg/ports/cppwork/vcpkg_installed/x64-linux/lib)
endif(APPLE)

if(APPLE)
  MESSAGE(STATUS "This is APPLE, set ODBC_LIBS")
  set(ODBC_LIBS iodbc iodbcinst)
elseif(UNIX)
  MESSAGE(STATUS "This is linux, set LINK_DIRS")
  set(ODBC_LIBS odbc odbcinst ltdl)
endif(APPLE)

include_directories(${INCLUDE_DIRS})
LINK_DIRECTORIES(${LINK_DIRS})

file( GLOB test_file_list ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/*.cpp) 

file( GLOB APP_SOURCES ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/../impl/*.cpp ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/../include/*.h ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/../include/*.cpp ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/../../../include/arr_/impl/*.cpp ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/../../../include/http/impl/*.cpp ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/../../../include/yaml/impl/*.cpp ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/../../../include/df/impl/*.cpp ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR}/../../../include/death_handler/impl/*.cpp)

add_library(${PROJECT_NAME}_lib SHARED ${APP_SOURCES} ${test_file})
target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME}_lib ${Boost_LIBRARIES} ZLIB::ZLIB glog::glog DataFrame::DataFrame ${OpenCV_LIBS})
target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME}_lib OpenSSL::SSL OpenSSL::Crypto libgtest.a pystring libyaml-cpp.a libgmock.a ${ODBC_LIBS} libnanodbc.a pthread dl backtrace libzstd.a libbz2.a libsnappy.a re2::re2 parquet lz4 unofficial::brotli::brotlidec-static unofficial::brotli::brotlienc-static unofficial::brotli::brotlicommon-static utf8proc thrift::thrift  arrow arrow_dataset)

foreach( test_file ${test_file_list} )
  file(RELATIVE_PATH filename ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR} ${test_file})
  string(REPLACE ".cpp" "" file ${filename})
  add_executable(${file}  ${test_file})
  target_link_libraries(${file} ${PROJECT_NAME}_lib)
endforeach( test_file ${test_file_list})

test/pimpl_idom_test.cpp

#include "death_handler/death_handler.h"
#include <glog/logging.h>
#include "person1.h"

#include <utility>
#include <gtest/gtest.h>



int main(int argc, char** argv) {
  FLAGS_log_dir = "./";
  FLAGS_alsologtostderr = true;
  // 日志级别 INFO, WARNING, ERROR, FATAL 的值分别为0、1、2、3
  FLAGS_minloglevel = 0;

  Debug::DeathHandler dh;

  google::InitGoogleLogging("./logs.log");
  testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
  int ret = RUN_ALL_TESTS();
  return ret;
}

GTEST_TEST(WrappedPimplTests, WrappedPimpl) {
  Person p{"Zhang San"};
  p.greet();
}

include/pimpl.hpp

#ifndef _FREDRIC_PIMPL_HPP_
#define _FREDRIC_PIMPL_HPP_

#include <memory>

template <typename T>
class PImpl {
private:
    std::unique_ptr<T> p_impl;
public:
    template <typename ... Args>
    PImpl(Args&& ... args): p_impl{new T(std::forward<Args>(args)...)} {

    }

    PImpl(): p_impl(new T()) {

    }

    ~PImpl() {
    }
   
    T* operator->() {
        return p_impl.get();
    }

    T& operator*() {
        return *p_impl;
    }
};
#endif

include/person1.h

#ifndef _FREDRIC_PERSON1_H_
#define _FREDRIC_PERSON1_H_

#include "pimpl.hpp"

#include <string>

class Person {
public:
    class PersonImpl;
    PImpl<PersonImpl> impl_;

    std::string name;
    Person(std::string const& name_);
    // 这个析构函数必须，否则可能会导致编译器找不到PersonImpl的大小
    // 无法工作
    ~Person();
    void greet();
};
#endif

include/person1.cpp

#include "person1.h"

#include <iostream>

class Person::PersonImpl{
public:
    void greet(Person* p);
};

void Person::PersonImpl::greet(Person* p) {
    std::cout << "Hello, my name is: " << p->name << "\n";
}

Person::Person(std::string const& name_): name{name_}, impl_(){
}

void Person::greet() {
    impl_->greet(this);
}

Person::~Person() {
    
}

程序输出如下，